The Eighteenth Century

This chapter has three sections: 1. General and Prose; 2. The Novel; 3. Poetry. Section 1 is by Eliza O’Brien; section 2 is by Elles Smallegoor and Sandro Jung; section 3 is by David E. Shuttleton

Reply to Comment on "Dynamical corrections to the DFT-LDA electron conductance in nanoscale systems"

We reply to the comment by Jung, Bokes, and Godby (arXiv:0706.0140) on our paper Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 186810 (2005). We show that the results in their comment should not be taken as an indication that the viscosity corrections to the conductance of real nanoscale structures are small. A more accurate treatment of the density and current density distribution and of the electronic correlations may yield much larger corrections in realistic systems.Comment: Reply to the comment by Jung et al (arXiv:0706.0140). 1 page, no figures, to appear in PR

Jung and Antisemitism

Paper given at History of Science, Medicine and Technology [E-seminars

Jung and Antisemitism

Paper given at History of Science, Medicine and Technology [E-seminars

The less economic freedom a state has, the more political connections local firms need

Daniel M. Gropper, John S. Jahera Jr. and Jung Chul Park argue this is the case for US bank

- During the Kim Il Sung and the Kim Jung Un Eras

학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 국제대학원 국제학과(한국학전공), 2021. 2. 박태균.국문 초록 (ABSTRACT IN KOREA) 핵무기 보유를 견제하기 위한 국제사회의 제재와 징벌적 조치에도 불구하고, 국제사회에서 고립되어 있으며 재정으로도 열악한 북한은 여전히 상대적으로 안정적인 정권을 유지하고 있다. 북한의 국제 관계 연구에 있어 자세히 연구되지 않았던 비주류에 속하는 외교적 현상에 대한 정밀한 분석은 국제사회에 위협이 되는 북한 문제를 다른 방식으로 다룰 수 있는 대안적인 관점을 제공할 수 있다. 이러한 배경에서 아프리카에 대한 북한 대외정책의 방향 전환의 배경과 구체적인 외부요인이 김일성 시대 데탕트 시대(1960~1979)와 김정은 시대(2011~2011년)의 비교연구를 기준으로 본 논문에서 분석된다. 어떤 측면에서 북한과 아프리카 외교 관계 연구가 의미가 있는 것인가? 우선, 김일성 통치 시기에 속하는 데탕트 시대의 경우, 북한은 주체사상을 기반으로 군사 및 인력 그리고 재정적 지원을 아프리카에 제공하는 등 안정된 외교 관계를 아프리카 국가와 맺기 위해 적극적인 외교적 노력을 기울였다. 이후에도, 고립된 국제적 위치에서 벗어나기 위해 수십 년 동안 북한은 아프리카 국가들과 우호적인 외교 관계를 유지했다. 또한, 김정은 시대에 들어서는 일부 아프리카 국가와의 지속적인 경제적 교류는 유엔과 미국의 제재로 인해 궁핍한 재정을 보충하는 중요한 기회를 제공하였다. 북한의 아프리카 외교 정책이 가장 활발했던 시기와 전례 없이 심각한 국제적 제재에 직면한 김정은 정권 시대의 아프리카 외교를 비교하면 북한의 외교정책변화를 가장 극명하게 살펴볼 수 있을 것이다. 서로 다른 시기에 변화된 북한의 아프리카 외교 정책 연구는 양측간의 고위급 간부의 상호 방문의 빈도와 방문목적 그리고 북한의 아프리카 국가들에 대한 군사적 지원 행태 분석 등의 지표로 측정될 것이다. 북한 대외정책에 영향을 주고 있는 4가지 주요 대외적 요인에는 국제사회의 제재와 아프리카에 대한 북한의 군사적 지원, 남한의 할슈타인(Hallstein Doctrine)원칙에 기반한 외교정책 그리고 비동맹운동(NAM) 연대 등이다. 이와 같은 대외적 요인이 실제로 북한과 아프리카의 외교 관계에 어떤 영향을 미쳤는지, 또한 북한의 아프리카 대외정책의 시기별 전환 과정은 어땠는지 자세히 검토할 예정이다. Key words :북한,아프리카,외교 관계,군사교류,국제 제재,남한의 할슈타인(Hallstein Doctrine) 원칙 Student Number: 2017- 20782ABSTRACT North Korea, an isolated and impoverished nation, still maintains its relatively stable regime despite all the international sanctions and punitive measures. The deep analysis of the hidden foreign relation between the DPRK and Africa could extend our existing perceptions and offer alternative perspectives to handle continuous threats posed by this secretive country in different ways. In this background, crucial external reasons for the reorientation of North Korean foreign policy in Africa will be analyzed by a comparative study between the Détente period (1960-1979) during the Kim Il Sung era and the Kim Jung Un eras (2011- present). Why does the foreign relation between North Korea and African nations matter? In the past, North Korea pursued amicable diplomatic relations with African nations for decades ultimately to obtain reliable supports from them on the international stage in the diplomatic competition with South Korea. Besides promoting the ideology Juche (self-reliance) and providing infrastructure and military assistance to African countries, North Korea passionately tried to bond close ties with the African counterparts to escape from its isolated international position. Even until Nowadays, some African countries have still functioned as financial lifelines for the benefits of the DPRK against severe sanctions imposed by the U.N. and the United States, the official diplomatic exchanges between the two regions have significantly decreased. The difference in the previous and current North Korean foreign policy strategies in Africa can be more clearly presented by comparing the détente period when North Korea established the most robust diplomatic relations with African nations and the recent Kim Jong Un regime when its whole external relation is greatly limited under the unprecedentedly severe international sanctions. Firstly, the shifted North Korean foreign policy in Africa during the two different periods will be measured by two indicators: the exchange of high-level officers and the military assistance from North Korea to African nations. Secondly, the four external factors that have been influencing North Koreas foreign policy were selected: international sanctions, military assistance from the DPRK, the Hallstein doctrine of South Korea, and the solidarity of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM). By closely reviewing these factors individually and analyzing what influence they have had on the diplomatic relation between the DPRK and Africa, it will be revealed how the reorientation of the DPRKs foreign policy in Africa has been evolved. Keywords: North Korea, Africa, diplomatic relation, military exchange, international sanction, Hallstein doctrine of South Korea Student Number: 2017- 20782I. INTRODUCTION 1 1. Research Background 1 2. Research Questions & Hypothesis 5 3. Literature Review 7 4. Methodology 11 II. DEFINITION OF FOREIGN POLICY 14 1. The difference between Foreign Policy and diplomacy 14 2. The determinants of Foreign Policy 16 III. GENERAL REVIEW 18 1. The overview of foreign relations between North Korea and Africa 18 2. A comparative study between Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Un Eras 23 IV. REDIRECTION OF NORTH KOREAN FOREIGN POLICY IN AFRICA 26 1. Official exchanges of high-level officers 26 2. The military assistance 38 V. ANALYSIS OF THE EXTERNAL FACTORS 46 1 Sanction on the trade between the DPRK and African nations 47 2 The Hallstein doctrine of South Korea 63 3 The solidarity of NAM (Non-Aligned Movement) 67 VI. CONCLUSION 71 BIBLIOGRAPHY 77 ABSTRACT IN KOREA 87 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 89Maste

Incredible day-dream : Freud and Jung at Clark, 1909

This booklet collects The Fifth Annual Paul S. Clarkson lecture, about Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung\u27s historic 1909 visit to Clark University. As Blaine E. Taylor write in their preface: Professor Koelsch helps the reader put the visit in perspective, carefully correcting claims that it introduced Freud to America or that original research was presented for the first time in the lectures. He also traces the importance of the visit to Clark for Carl Jung and the interesting relationship between Freud and Jung....Here is a complete record, full of insight and interesting asides, of the events that led to \u27the most concise and lucid account in and out of Freud\u27s writings of the birth of psychoanalysis\u27 . This booklet also features photographs and an exhibition catalog for an accompanying display of original Clark University materials relating to Freud\u27s famous 1909 visit.https://commons.clarku.edu/clarkuhistory/1001/thumbnail.jp

Writing about war: Jung, Much Ado About Nothing, and the Troy novels of Lindsay Clarke

Arguably, in a time of war literature, and indeed all writing, is saturated with deep psychic responses to conflict. So that not only in literary genres such as epic and tragedy, but also in the novel and comedy, can writing about war be discerned. C.G. Jung, Shakespeare and Lindsay Clarke are fundamentally writers of war who share allied literary strategies. Moreover, they diagnose similar origins to the malaise of a culture tending to war in the neglect of aspects of the feminine that patriarchy prefers to ignore. In repressing or evading the dark feminine, cultures as dissimilar as ancient Greece, the 21st century, Shakespeare's England and Jung's Europe prevent the healing energies of the conjunctio of masculine and feminine from stabilising an increasingly fragile consciousness. In the Troy novels of Clarke, Answer to Job by Jung and Much Ado About Nothing by Shakespeare, some attempt at spiritual nourishment is made through the writing. [From the Publisher