Mineral composition of the cockle (Anadara granosa) shells of West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia and it's potential as biomaterial for use in bone repair

The study was conducted to determine the mineral composition of cockle (Anadara granosa) shells from 3 major cockle cultivation sites in the West Coast of Malaysia. Three samples of cockle shells from three different sources were evaluated to determine the content of 12 macro- and micro-elements: Calcium (Ca), Carbon (C), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), Zinc (Zn), Boron (B) and Silicon (Si). For convenience and ease of reference, Ca and C were combined into one unit (Calcium carbonate, CaC) while Mg, Na, P and K were evaluated individually and Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, B and Si were evaluated as one group (others). Analysis of mineral content was done using coupled plasma, auto analyser, atomic absorption spectrophotometer and carbon analyser. Results showed that the mineral composition of cockle shells from 3 different sources in the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia were similar for all the samples. CaC comprised more than 98.7% of the total mineral content. Mg, Na, P, K and others (Fe, Cu, Ni, B, Zn and Si) comprised about 1.3%. The mineral composition of cockle shells from the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia was 98.7% CaC, 0.05% Mg, 0.9% Na, 0.02% P and 0.2% others

Peranan UMNO menegakkan Islam dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan: satu kajian secara kronologikal

Makalah ini berusaha menelusuri kronologi sejarah pemaktuban Islam dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan negara Malaysia dengan menyemak pelbagai sumber primer iaitu rekod-rekod rasmi, minit-minit keputusan mesyuarat UMNO-Perikatan, laporan-laporan rasmi kerajaan, akta-akta, ordinan-ordinan, perlembagaan dan akhbar-akhbar berkait dengan Islam dalam kemerdekaan Malaysia di Arkib Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur dan National Archive, London. Bahan-bahan ini dianalisis dengan kritis dan disusun secara kronologikal. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut makalah ini menemui hakikat bahawa sesungguhnya UMNO memain peranan paling utama dalam sejarah pemaktuban Perkara 3 dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan yang menyebut Islam merupakan agama Persekutuan. Dalilnya, UMNO merupakan satu-satunya parti politik yang mengusulkan Islam kepada Suruhanjaya Reid (pada 25 September 1956). Pada asalnya, cadangan tersebut ditolak oleh Raja-Raja Melayu dan kerajaan British. Sekiranya UMNO tidak mengusulkannya maka amatlah besar kemungkinannya tidak ada Perkara 3 dalam Perlembagaan Persekutuan itu seperti adanya pada hari ini. UMNO bukan sekadar menghantar memorandum kepada Suruhanjaya Reid, sebaliknya, ia berusaha secara berterusan untuk menangani tentangan Raja-Raja Melayu dan pihak British itu sehingga akhirnya termaktub juga Islam dalam Perlembagaan. Hakikat ini tidak disedari oleh para penyelidik. Ini berlaku kerana mereka tidak menukili sejarah penggubalan Perlembagaan Persekutuan secara kronologi

Gross and histological evaluation of fresh chicken carcass: comparison between slaughtered and cervical dislocated methods

The study was conducted to evaluate the gross and histological appearances of fresh chicken carcasses between slaughtered and cervical dislocated methods. In this study, 5 adult broiler chickens with homogenous weight were slaughtered and another 5 chickens were cervically dislocated. The chickens were left at room temperature for 30 min prior to gross examination and sampling for histological examination. The gross appearance of muscle and internal organs was evaluated and compared. The internal organs were fixed with 10% formalin for 72 h before went through the process of dehydration, clearing, impregnation, embedding process into paraffin wax and process of sectioning and staining with Haematoxylin and Eosin. The sections were examined under light microscope. Results in this study revealed that the gross examination of the carcass killed by slaughtering method had showed pallor appearance as compared to the chickens killed by cervical dislocation method which appeared reddish in almost all of the organs. Histologically, there was no significant different in terms of distribution or composition of erythrocytes in the visceral organs except in lungs, kidney and liver where the chickens killed by slaughtering method contains less erythrocytes as compared to the chicken killed by cervical dislocation

MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION TO BUILD THE MODERATE-RELIGIOUS CHARACTER AT BAITUL ARQAM ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL

The widespread act of radicalism under the guise of Islam has placed Muslims as the accused. The discussion of jihad in Islamic teachings is often referred to as the primary source of violence. Likewise, pesantren (Islamic boarding school) is also accused of instilling radicalism. Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide an understanding of education in pesantren. Whether pesantren contribute to radicalism, or conversely, it has become a torch for moderation and respect for human rights. This research is carried out to describe the value of multicultural education and how it is taught in building the moderate-religious character at Baitul Arqom Islamic Boarding School Jember. A qualitative method with observation, interview, and documentation techniques of data collection is used for this research. The data analysis is a descriptive qualitative method, while the source and technique triangulation are shown for the validity of the data. The study highlights that in building the moderate-religious character at Baitul Arqom Islamic boarding school, kyai and teachers preach the values of honesty, tolerance, democracy, togetherness, and cooperation. These values are promoted through the comparative study of madhab books and religions, moral habituation, history, and culture. Eventually, it affects the growth of the moderate-religious character, tolerance, and mutual respect

Rattan furniture design: a comparison study between Malaysia and Indonesia design trend / Muhammad Muizzuddin Darus...[et.al]

Malaysian rattan furniture industry nowadays decline to 0% on timber export (MTIB 2016). The situation is becoming more critical with the number of skillful craftsman and rattan manufacturer declined recently. It is believes that the cost of raw material is cheaper if imported from other countries. In fact, the job of rattan seeker as economic resources are no longer famous as it was in 70s and 80s. However, Indonesian rattan still highly in demand whereby the cane tree easily can be found in Indonesian archipelago. Thus, this contributed the increment of market demand towards rattan end products. Some research shows that the Indonesia market demand was increases. Hence, make the Indonesian Rattan Industries is more reliable to the global market. Therefore, a case study has been conducted on Rattan Furniture Design between Malaysia and Indonesia rattan industries to look into design trending which is one of the factors that Malaysia Rattan Industry struggle to sustain efficiently. This paper will provide some of the comparison on rattan furniture design from both countries to analyze on how to make Malaysia Rattan Furniture Industry more relevant in the future

Amalan pengurusan sumber manusia dalam pengurusan keselamatan industri di Malaysia

Please refer fulltex

First row transition metal oxide based catalysts for the in-situ reactions of methanation and desulfurization in the removal of sour gases from simulated natural gas

The objective of this novel catalyst development is to achieve both low temperature and high conversion of sour gases of H2S and CO2 present in the natural gas. The results showed that the conversion of H2S to elemental sulfur on all of the potential catalysts was achieved 100 %. However, methanation of CO2 in the presence of H2S yielded 0.7 % CH4 over Fe/ Zn/ Cu/ Ti-Al2O3 catalyst, 1.1 % CH4 over Fe/ Zn/ Cu-Al2O3 catalyst and the highest is 6.1 % CH4 over Pr/ Co/ Ni-Al2O3 catalyst at maximum studied temperature of 300 oC. The catalysts were further characterized by X-rays Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Nitrogen Adsorption analysis. XPS results revealed Ni2+ ion in the NiO and Ni3+ in Ni2O3 species, spinel compound of Co3O4 on the Pr/ Co/ Ni-Al2O3 catalyst. N2 adsorption-desorption analysis illustrated 7.9 % increment of surface area over the spent Pr/ Co/ Ni-Al2O3 catalyst, which assumed to be responsible for the dramatical increased of the methanation activity of this catalyst at the reaction temperature of 300 oC

Titanium and copper oxide based catalysts for the in-situ reactions of methanation and desulfurization in the removal of sour gases from simulated natural gas

The objective of this novel catalyst development is to achieve both low temperature and high conversion of sour gases. Supported mixed metal oxide catalysts were prepared by impregnating the catalysts on alumina beads for the in-situ reactions of H2S desulfurization and CO2 methanation from room temperature up to 200oC. The results showed that the 100% conversion of H2S to elemental sulfur for all of the potential catalysts was achieved at 100oC. However, methanation of CO2 in the presence of H2S yielded 0.4% CH4 over Fe/ Zn/ Cu/ Ti-Al2O3 catalyst and 0.7% CH4 over Fe/ Zn/ Cu-Al2O3 catalyst at maximum studied temperature of 200oC. XPS results indicated that spinel compounds of CuFe2O4 and Fe3O4 act as the active sites on the Fe/ Zn/ Cu-Al2O3 and Fe/ Zn/ Cu/ Ti-Al2O3 catalysts. The appearance of Fe3+-OH on Fe/ Zn/ Cu/ Ti-Al2O3 catalyst increased its H2S desulfurization activity. N2 adsorption-desorption analysis illustrated that 34% of the surface area of Fe/ Zn/ Cu-Al2O3 catalyst was reduced while Fe/ Zn/ Cu/ Ti-Al2O3 catalyst showed reduction of 17% after catalytic testing, which indicated the deactivation of the catalysts resulted from sulfur poisonin