217 research outputs found
Assessment of self-efficacy in evidence-based activities for nurses in a newly opened hospital
Assessment of Self-efficacy and Outcome Expectations in Evidence-based Activities for Nurses in a Newly Opened Hospital
Background: There may be a lack of self-efficacy or confidence in some nurses in the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) especially in a new hospital with nurses who are early in their careers. The aim of this study was to measure self-efficacy and outcomes expectations of nurses in the area of EBP in a new non-replacement hospital on the Magnet® designation journey.
Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional survey using a 28-item questionnaire measuring the total level of self-efficacy in undertaking the 5 steps of EBP of direct patient care nurses.
Results: 66 surveys were returned with 6(9%) men and 60(91%) women. Years of experience and certification showed no significant differences in confidence. For all but one subscale, the median level of confidence increased as the education level increased. For total self-efficacy (p=.021) and the subscales of problem identification (p=.044), finding evidence (p=0.17), appraising evidence (p=.042), applying evidence (p=.034), and outcome expectation (p=.039) those with higher education had higher self-efficacy. Similarly, those with either research training, EBP training or literature review training all had higher self-efficacy scores than those without training. Some subscales had lower median scores than others, indicating that, nurses in general were less confident in their EBP capacities.
Discussion: As expected, all subscales showed significantly higher median confidence in the groups with EBP training, literature search training, and computer training compared to the groups without training. Consideration, as part of an orientation to a practice setting, should be made to training and education about EBP
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The Need for Speed: Shared Governance Impacting Nursing Practice over a 3 year Magnet Journey of a newly opened hospital
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Impact of meal fatty acid composition on postprandial lipaemia, vascular function and blood pressure in postmenopausal women
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in women globally, with aging associated with progressive endothelial dysfunction and increased CVD risk. Natural menopause is characterised by raised non-fasting triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations and impairment of vascular function compared with premenopausal women. However, the mechanisms underlying the increased CVD risk after women have transitioned through the menopause are unclear. Dietary fat is an important modifiable risk factor relating to both postprandial lipaemia and vascular reactivity. Meals rich in saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) are often associated with greater postprandial TAG responses compared with those containing n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), but studies comparing their effects on vascular function during the postprandial phase are limited, particularly in postmenopausal women. This review aimed to evaluate the acute effects of test meals rich in SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA on postprandial lipaemia, vascular reactivity and other CVD risk factors in postmenopausal women. The systematic literature search identified 778 publications. The impact of fat-rich meals on postprandial lipaemia was reported in seven relevant studies, of which meal fat composition was compared in one study described by three papers. An additional study determined the impact of a high fat meal on vascular reactivity. Although moderately consistent evidence suggests detrimental effects of high fat meals on postprandial lipaemia in postmenopausal (than premenopausal) women, there is insufficient evidence to establish the impact of meals of differing fat composition. Furthermore, there is no robust evidence to conclude the effect of meal fatty acids on vascular function or blood pressure. In conclusion, there is an urgent requirement for suitably powered robust randomised controlled trials to investigate the impact of meal fat composition on postprandial novel and established CVD risk markers in postmenopausal women, an understudied population at increased cardiometabolic risk
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