Fatores de risco para celulite em adolescentes

Introduction. The cellulite is characterized as an irregular appearance of skin surface, with a "padded" or "orange peel" aspect on the thighs and gluteal regions and, less frequently, on the arms and abdomen, predominantly in women after puberty. Although the etiopathogenesis is still not fully understood, cellulite is considered a multifactorial disorder, involving primary, anatomic or structural alterations of the adipose tissue and alterations of the dermal connective tissue. The most relevant factors include: fat herniation towards the dermal connective tissue, facilitated by the presence of fine and perpendicular hypodermic fibrous septa; the biochemical and metabolic differences in relation to normal fat and the architectural changes related to sex in different regions of the body. Objective: To evaluate the risk factors for the appearance of cellulite and its impact on quality of life. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study. A total of 184 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, mean of 15 years were included. Genetic familial, gynecological hormonal factors, physical activity, nutrition, body composition and anthropometry were evaluated as well as cellulite severity and its impact on quality of life. Results: The variables that showed significant as a risk factor for cellulite were: BMI (p˂0.001), time since menarche (p = 0.037), carbohydrate by energy (p = 0.006), water consumption per day (p = 0.037), family history (p = 0.003) and weekly physical activity (p˂0.001). Conclusion: Genetic familial, gynecological hormonal, nutritional, anthropometric factors and physical activity showed direct relation to development and severity of cellulite, which reinforces its multifactorial character. The disclosure of this study will be important to point out possible physiopathological mechanisms and to alert the adolescents about the risk factors associated with the onset and worsening of this condition.Introdução. A celulite caracteriza-se como aparência irregular da superfície da pele, com aspecto “acolchoado” ou “em casca de laranja” nas coxas e regiões glúteas e, menos frequentemente, nos braços e abdome, predominantemente em mulheres após a puberdade. Apesar da etiopatogenia ainda não ser completamente esclarecida, é considerada um distúrbio multifatorial, que envolve alterações primárias, anatômicas ou estruturais do tecido adiposo e alterações no tecido conjuntivo dérmico. Os fatores mais relevantes incluem: herniação da gordura em direção ao tecido conjuntivo dérmico, facilitada pela presença de septos fibrosos hipodérmicos finos e perpendiculares; diferenças bioquímicas e metabólicas em relação à gordura normal e alterações estruturais relacionadas ao sexo em diferentes regiões do corpo. Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores de risco para a presença da celulite e seu impacto na qualidade de vida. Casuística e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Foram incluídas 184 adolescentes de 12 a 18 anos, média de 15 anos. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: históricos genético familiar, ginecológico hormonal, atividade física, nutrição, composição corporal e antropometria; gravidade da celulite e seu impacto na qualidade de vida. Resultados: as variáveis que se mostraram significantes como fator de risco para a celulite foram: IMC (p˂0,001), tempo desde a menarca (p=0,037), carboidrato por energia (p=0,006), consumo de água por dia (p=0,037), história familiar (p=0,003) e atividade física semanal (p˂0,001).Conclusão: Fatores genético familiar, ginecológico hormonal, nutricional, antropométrico e atividade física, mostraram-se diretamente relacionados ao desencadeamento e gravidade da celulite, o que reforça seu caráter multifatorial. A divulgação deste estudo contribuirá para apontar possíveis mecanismos fisiopatológicos e alertar as adolescentes sobre os fatores de risco associados ao desencadeamento e agravamento desta condição.Dados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2019

In vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy for intrinsic aging and photoaging assessment

Background: In vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy is a non-invasive method to assess either the epidermis or the dermis composition. Few studies have focused on dermis collagen alterations through intrinsic aging and photoaging. Objective: This study evaluated the in vivo Raman spectra from the dermis of a photoexposed site versus a non-photoexposed region in different age groups, and evaluated the correlation between peak intensities and age, photoaging score and the amount of collagen assessed with histology and high frequency ultrasound (HFUS). Methods: Fifteen volunteers aged 28-82 years were divided into three groups according to forearm photoaging degree. In vivo Raman spectra from the dermis were collected on the dorsal forearm (chronically photoexposed skin) and on the proximal medial arm (non-photoexposed skin). Crosssectional images of the skin were obtained using a 20 MHz ultrasound unit exactly on the same sites, which were further submitted to punch biopsies for histologic study (collagen I immunohistochemistry, picrosirius red staining and Verhoeff). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) were taken in the spectral region of 796 cm(-1) -996 cm(-1) to determine its potential to discriminate between different groups. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient of individual peak intensities and ratios with age, clinical score and the amount of collagen assessed by ultrasound and histology were calculated. Results: PCA of pairs of groups and OPLS-DA could discriminate the intrinsically from the photoaged skin and the young group from the elderly one, with important contribution of the 938 cm(-1) and 855 cm(-1) peaks intensities. The intensity of the peaks in 855 cm(-1) and/or 938 cm(-1) presented moderate correlation with age (rho = 0.579, p = 0.049) and moderate to high inverse correlation with HFUS echogenicity (rho = -0.710, p = 0.010) and collagen I immunohistochemistry (rho = -0.833, p = 0.005) in the non-photoexposed region. The I-1275/I-1450 intensities ratio presented moderate to high correlation coefficients with age (rho = -0.730, p = 0.007), photoaging score (rho = -0.594, p = 0.042), HFUS echogenicity (rho = 0.760, p < 0.001) and histology (collagen I immunohistochemistry (rho = 0.643, p = 0.024), picrosirius (rho = 0.773, p = 0.005) and Verhoeff (rho = -0.727, p = 0.011)) in the photoexposed site. Conclusion: The wavenumber region between 798 and 994 cm(-1) is useful for the analysis of dermal collagen alterations through the intrinsic aging process, while photoaging is better assessed by the I-1275/I-1450 intensities ratio. This is the first skin aging study to show a correlation between Raman peaks and the amount of collagen assessed by HFUS- and histology. (C) 2017 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.FUNADERSP, an organisation of the Sao Paulo regional office of the Brazilian Society of DermatologyUniv Fed Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Dept Dermatol, Rua Borges Lagoa 508, BR-04038001 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Vale Paraiba, UNIVAP, Inst Res & Dev, Lab Biomed Vibrat Spect,LEVB, Ave Shishima Hifumi 2911, BR-12244000 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Dept Dermatol & Radiotherapy, Campus Univ Rubiao Jr, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Piaui, Minist Petronio Portella, Campus Univ, BR-64049550 Teresina, PI, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Dept Dermatol, Rua Borges Lagoa 508, BR-04038001 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilFUNADERSP: 001/2013Web of Scienc