Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis with pulmonary involvement and carcinomatous transformation

Papilloma associated with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection types 6 and 11, is the most common benign neoplasm of the larynx. The clinical features of RRP vary widely from mild to aggressive forms. RRP in children is known as juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP). Its outcome may be poor or even fatal due to the high rate of recurrence and eventual spread to the entire respiratory tract. Pulmonary invasion is reported to occur in 3.3% of patients with RRP, and malignant transformation in 0.5% of patients. We report the case of a 39-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of JORRP from the age of 3 years, with extensive bilateral pulmonary involvement and malignant transformation. Analysis of the papilloma and carcinomatous tissues revealed the presence of HPV type 11, which is associated with rapid and aggressive progression. We discussed the case on the basis of a literature review on pulmonary invasion, malignant transformation, and HPV 11 aggressiveness

Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis with pulmonary involvement and carcinomatous transformation

Papilloma associated with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection types 6 and 11, is the most common benign neoplasm of the larynx. The clinical features of RRP vary widely from mild to aggressive forms. RRP in children is known as juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP). Its outcome may be poor or even fatal due to the high rate of recurrence and eventual spread to the entire respiratory tract. Pulmonary invasion is reported to occur in 3.3% of patients with RRP, and malignant transformation in 0.5% of patients. We report the case of a 39-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of JORRP from the age of 3 years, with extensive bilateral pulmonary involvement and malignant transformation. Analysis of the papilloma and carcinomatous tissues revealed the presence of HPV type 11, which is associated with rapid and aggressive progression. We discussed the case on the basis of a literature review on pulmonary invasion, malignant transformation, and HPV 11 aggressiveness

Hypoexpression of miR-205ab and miR-218a was associated with the worst prognosis in patients with breast cancer

Submitted by Franciele Moreira ([email protected]) on 2019-01-31T13:01:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Juliana Fracalossi Paes - 2018.pdf: 3499755 bytes, checksum: 913f34f36a97b5b7412e4eec7b1af1c1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2019-02-01T10:04:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Juliana Fracalossi Paes - 2018.pdf: 3499755 bytes, checksum: 913f34f36a97b5b7412e4eec7b1af1c1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-01T10:04:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Juliana Fracalossi Paes - 2018.pdf: 3499755 bytes, checksum: 913f34f36a97b5b7412e4eec7b1af1c1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-27Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEGIntroduction: MicroRNAs are small molecules of single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in the post-transcriptional phase and are being evaluated as prognostic and predictive markers in breast cancer. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of hsa-miR-205ab and hsa-miR-218a microRNAs and BRCA1 protein in breast cancer samples and their associations with the pathological and prognostic clinical aspects of tumors. Method: A group of 92 breast cancer cases was evaluated for clinical-pathological aspects, five-year survival, expression of BRCA1, hsa-miR-205ab and hsa-miR-218a. BRCA1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and the quantification of the miRNAs by quantitative PCR in real time. The clinical-pathological aspects were compared in relation to the expression of BRCA1, hsa-miR- 205ab and hsa-miR-218a using the Mann-Whitney test. Survival curves were generated by the Kaplan-Meyer method and compared by the long-rank method. Results: The group of tumors comprised 56 cases of non-triple-negative breast carcinomas and 36 tumors with triple-negative phenotype. Hypoexpression of hsa-miR-205ab and hsa-miR-218a was associated with larger tumors (> 2 cm), presence of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis, the highest histological grade, triple negative phenotype, absence of expression of BRCA1 and lower survival. (P = 0.044), more advanced stages (p = 0.005), lymph node involvement (p = 0.038), presence of distant metastasis (p = 0, 0008) and absence of BRCA1 expression (p = 0.039). Conclusion: The hypoexpression of hsa-miR-205ab and hsa-miR-218a was associated with factors of poor prognosis, absence of BRCA1 expression and the lowest survival rate in breast cancer patients evaluated in this study.Introdução: Os microRNAs são pequenas moléculas de RNAs não-codificantes de cadeia simples, que regulam a expressão gênica na fase pós-transcricional e vem sendo avaliados como marcadores prognósticos e preditivos no câncer de mama. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a expressão dos microRNAs hsa-miR-205ab e hsa-miR-218a e da proteína BRCA1 em amostras de câncer de mama e suas associações com os aspectos clínico patológicos e prognósticos dos tumores. Método: Um grupo de 92 casos de câncer de mama foi avaliado quanto aos aspectos clínico-patológicos, a sobrevida em cinco anos, a expressão de BRCA1, hsa-miR-205ab e hsa-miR-218a. A expressão de BRCA1 foi avaliada por imuno- histoquímica e a quantificação dos miRNAs por PCR quantitativa em tempo real. Os aspectos clínicos-patológicos foram comparados em relação à expressão de BRCA1, hsa-miR-205ab e hsa-miR-218a, utilizando o teste de Mann-Whitney. As curvas de sobrevida foram geradas pelo método de Kaplan-Meyer e comparadas pelo método de long-rank. Resultados: O grupo de tumores compreendeu 56 casos de carcinomas de mama não triplo-negativos e 36 tumores com fenótipo triplo-negativo. A hipoexpressão de hsa-miR-205ab e hsa-miR-218a foi associada aos tumores maiores (> 2 cm), à presença de metástase linfonodal e de metástase a distância, ao grau histológico mais elevado, fenótipo triplo negativo, ausência de expressão de BRCA1 e menor sobrevida. A sobrevida das pacientes em função das características clínico patológicas foi influenciada pelo fenótipo triplo-negativo (p=0,044), estádios mais avançados (p=0,005), acometimento linfonodal (p=0,038), presença de metástase à distância (p=0,0008) e ausência da expressão de BRCA1 (p=0,039). Conclusão: A hipoexpressão de hsa-miR-205ab e hsa-miR-218a foi associada aos fatores de pior prognóstico, ausência de expressão de BRCA1 e à menor sobrevida nas pacientes com câncer de mama avaliadas neste estudo

Teratoma de mediastino com degeneração maligna

No presente artigo, relatamos o caso de um paciente portador de teratoma de mediastino anterior, de evolução lenta, o qual foi submetido à ressecção cirúrgica. O exame anatomopatológico da peça revelou degeneração maligna para tumor carcinóide. Tal evolução é extremamente rara, sendo encontrados na literatura apenas três artigos correlatos. Apresentamos uma descrição clínico-patológica do tumor e, por fim, discutimos a conduta terapêutica. Houve evolução satisfatória, e o paciente foi submetido a tratamento oncológico

Anal cancer screening in a high-risk behavior group: A local picture

Study objectives: To perform anal lesion and anal cancer screening in men living with HIV/AIDS. Methods: This is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the Specialized Assistance Service (SAE) in Divinópolis, Minas Gerais. A sociodemographic, epidemiological, and sexual behavior questionnaire was applied; material was collected for cytology, high-resolution anoscopy (AAR) was performed, and an acceptability questionnaire applied. Main results: Of the 50 men living with HIV/AIDS invited to participate in this study, 6% were excluded because they were illiterate, 40% refused to participate, and 54% participated in the survey. Among these, all answered the self-administered questionnaire. However, ten (37.0%) underwent proctological examination and anal cytology. Of these, two did not respond to the acceptability questionnaire. No anal lesions were identified during AAR and no biopsy was required. A 10% change in anal cytology was found. Conclusions: Through the study it was possible to construct a flow of referrals from the SAE to the UFSJ Coloproctology outpatient clinic. Moreover, the existence of internal stigmas on the part of the participants regarding the proctological examination and the lack of information about anal cancer screening are challenges to be overcome. Resumo: Objetivos do estudo: Realizar o rastreamento de lesões anais e câncer anal em homens vivendo com HIV/AIDS. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo descritivo observacional transversal, cujos dados foram obtidos no Serviço de Assistência Especializada (SAE) em Divinópolis, Minas Gerais. Foi aplicado questionário sociodemográfico, epidemiológico e de comportamento sexual; realizada coleta de material para citologia, Anuscopia de Alta Resolução (AAR) e aplicado questionário de aceitabilidade do exame. Principais resultados: Dos 50 homens vivendo com HIV/AIDS convidados a participar do presente estudo, 6% foram excluídos por serem analfabetos, 40% se recusaram a participar e 54% participaram da pesquisa. Entre estes, todos responderam o questionário autoaplicado. Entretanto, 10 (37.0%) realizaram o exame proctológico e a citologia anal. Desses, dois não responderam ao questionário de aceitabilidade. Não foram identificadas lesões anais durante a AAR, não sendo necessária a realização de biópsia. Foi encontrado 10% de alteração à citologia anal. Conclusões: Por meio do estudo foi possível construir um fluxo de encaminhamentos do SAE para o ambulatório de Coloproctologia da UFSJ. Ademais, a existência de estigmas internos por parte dos participantes no que concerne à realização do exame proctológico e a falta de informação a respeito do rastreamento do câncer anal são desafios a serem vencidos