Elaboração de um guia de consulta rápida de interações medicamentosas de caráter contraindicado

A interação medicamentosa (IM) pode ser compreendida como resposta farmacológica ou clínica que resulta através da combinação de dois ou mais medicamentos cujos efeitos de um fármaco são alterados em função de outro, podendo apresentar consequências na terapêutica de diversas enfermidades. Algumas interações medicamentosas podem causar danos potenciais dispondo o paciente a riscos muitas vezes desnecessários e aumento no tempo de internação, com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar um meio de busca rápida de IM para favorecer e otimizar a rotina do farmacêutico. A busca das interações medicamentosas, foi realizada através da ferramenta de apoio Micromedex®. A partir dos dados de IM coletados e planilhados, foi elaborada uma tabela, onde a combinação dos medicamentos é feita através do cruzamento das informações (linhas x coluna), representando uma IM de caráter contraindicado (CI) quando o quadro correspondente apresentar a cor vermelha. Foram contabilizados 224 medicamentos, dos quais 45 medicamentos originam 54 IM de caráter CI entre os medicamentos padronizados na instituição. A dispersão da quantidade de IM para cada medicamento se mostrou discrepante para o azul de metileno e a bromoprida (para 8 interações cada) e a linezolida (13 interações). Desta forma, é possível perceber que todos os medicamentos, incluindo aqueles que apresentam menor número de interações CI com os medicamentos padronizados na instituição em questão, precisam de atenção e cuidado durante a sua prescrição, dispensação e administração, visando evitar as associações CI, porém quando isto não for possível, a monitorização e o acompanhamento do paciente são essenciais e por isso, a disponibilidade do instrumentos de busca rápida para identificação das interações medicamentosas é de grande importância na rotina do farmacêutico

Stability of ‘mangaba’ pulp powder obtained by freeze drying

ABSTRACT This work examined the stability of lyophilized ‘mangaba’ pulp powder, rolled and packaged in plastic containers, with and without vacuum during 90 days of storage under room temperature, with evaluation of the parameters every 15 days. Analyses of ascorbic acid concentration, pH, color and water activity were carried out. It was found that ascorbic acid remained in accordance with the standards specified for daily consumption according to the Brazilian legislation in all analyzed packages, with preservation of stability in the laminated package with vacuum, which was also effective in maintaining water activity, which contributes to better stability of the product

Hygroscopic trend of lyophilized ‘mangaba’ pulp powder

ABSTRACT Mangaba is a widely-consumed fruit in the Northeast of Brazil, which is usually exploited through extractivism. This fruit is rich in various nutrients, especially in vitamin C, with pleasant taste and aroma. The lyophilization process transforms these fruits into amorphous powders, which must be analyzed regarding their properties and hygroscopic trend. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the physico-chemical properties of adsorption isotherms of the lyophilized ‘mangaba’ pulp powder, with addition of maltodextrin (DE 20). The pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, ascorbic acid and water activity were analyzed. Regarding the isotherms, the mathematical models of GAB, BET, Oswin, and Henderson were used at temperatures of 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C. The obtained powder presented pH of 3.14, titratable acidity of 1.95 mg of citric acid 100g-1 of powder, soluble solid contents of 99 ºBrix, ascorbic acid content of 55.97 mg 100g-1 and water activity of 0.16. Henderson was the mathematical model that best fitted the data of the adsorption isotherms at the four evaluated temperatures, with average errors ranging from 5.76 to 9.70% and R2 from 0.9974 to 0.9995

Effect of crude extract and its semi purified constituents from guaraná seeds [Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis (Mart.) lucke] on cognitive performance in Morris water maze in rats

The effect of crude lyophilized extract (EBPC) and the semi-purified constituents (EPA and EPB) of Paullinia cupana (guaraná) seeds long-term administered in rats by gavage at different doses was studied on cognitive behavior in rats. EBPC (30.0 mg/kg) and EPA (2.0 mg/kg), but not EPB (2.0 or 4.0 mg/kg) showed a smaller escape latency to find the emerged platform in Morris water maze test (MWMT), showing nootropic-like effect in normal rats, and in scopolamine induced amnesia rats compared to their controls (saline + 0.2% Tween 80) group. These extracts had no significant effect in open field test (OFT). Caffeine did alter escape latency in MWMT only in scopolamine induced amnesia rats and increased the crossings number in OFT, showing significant stimulant effect. Chronic treatment showed the same increase in body weight and average lifespan indicating a low toxicity for the extracts