31 research outputs found
Quantum feedback with weak measurements
The problem of feedback control of quantum systems by means of weak
measurements is investigated in detail. When weak measurements are made on a
set of identical quantum systems, the single-system density matrix can be
determined to a high degree of accuracy while affecting each system only
slightly. If this information is fed back into the systems by coherent
operations, the single-system density matrix can be made to undergo an
arbitrary nonlinear dynamics, including for example a dynamics governed by a
nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. We investigate the implications of such
nonlinear quantum dynamics for various problems in quantum control and quantum
information theory, including quantum computation. The nonlinear dynamics
induced by weak quantum feedback could be used to create a novel form of
quantum chaos in which the time evolution of the single-system wave function
depends sensitively on initial conditions.Comment: 11 pages, TeX, replaced to incorporate suggestions of Asher Pere
Recommended from our members
Effectiveness of N95 respirator decontamination and reuse against SARS-CoV-2 virus
The coronavirus pandemic has created worldwide shortages of N95 respirators. We analyzed 4 decontamination methods for effectiveness in deactivating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus and effect on respirator function. Our results indicate that N95 respirators can be decontaminated and reused, but the integrity of respirator fit and seal must be maintained
Nosocomial Transmission of Emerging Viruses via Aerosol-Generating Medical Procedures
Recent nosocomial transmission events of emerging and re-emerging viruses, including Ebola virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Nipah virus, and Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus, have highlighted the risk of nosocomial transmission of emerging viruses in health-care settings. In particular, concerns and precautions have increased regarding the use of aerosol-generating medical procedures when treating patients with such viral infections. In spite of increasing associations between aerosol-generating medical procedures and the nosocomial transmission of viruses, we still have a poor understanding of the risks of specific procedures and viruses. In order to identify which aerosol-generating medical procedures and emerging viruses pose a high risk to health-care workers, we explore the mechanisms of aerosol-generating medical procedures, as well as the transmission pathways and characteristics of highly pathogenic viruses associated with nosocomial transmission. We then propose how research, both in clinical and experimental settings, could advance current infection control guidelines
Ecological Contexts of Index Cases and Spillover Events of Different Ebolaviruses
<div><p>Ebola virus disease afflicts both human and animal populations and is caused by four ebolaviruses. These different ebolaviruses may have distinct reservoir hosts and ecological contexts that determine how, where, and when different ebolavirus spillover events occur. Understanding these virus-specific relationships is important for preventing transmission of ebolaviruses from wildlife to humans. We examine the ecological contexts surrounding 34 human index case infections of ebolaviruses from 1976–2014. Determining possible sources of spillover from wildlife, characterizing the environment of each event, and creating ecological niche models to estimate habitats suitable for spillover, we find that index case infections of two ebolaviruses, Ebola virus and Sudan virus, have occurred under different ecological contexts. The index cases of Ebola virus infection are more associated with tropical evergreen broadleaf forests and consuming bushmeat than the cases of Sudan virus. Given these differences, we emphasize caution when generalizing across different ebolaviruses and that location and virus-specific ecological knowledge will be essential to unravelling how human and animal behavior lead to the emergence of Ebola virus disease.</p></div
Recommended from our members
Neisseria gonorrhoeae as a Rare Cause of Preseptal Cellulitis.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a rare cause of preseptal cellulitis, but infections can be severe. Rapid diagnosis is critical and can be expedited by nucleic acid amplification tests. Contact isolation precautions are encouraged for hospitalized patients with gonococcal preseptal cellulitis and a prolonged course of antibiotics is recommended
Monthly rainfall and temperature in SUDV and EBOV index case locations.
<p>The mean long-term monthly rainfall and temperature for the six SUDV spillover locations are depicted. For the twenty EBOV spillover locations, the mean rainfall and standard error of the mean are shown for locations that were in proximity to each other.</p
Environmental covariates used to create ENMs.
<p>Environmental covariates used to create ENMs.</p
Ebolavirus index cases and associated spillover events 1976–2014.
<p>Ebolavirus index cases and associated spillover events 1976–2014.</p