Społeczno-ekonomiczne i przestrzenne przemiany struktur regionalnych Vol. 2

Praca recenzowana / peer-reviewed pape

The use of the LiDAR data-based digital terrain model in studies of river channels, on the example of the Skawica and the Sopotnia Wielka rivers

Od lat 80-90. XX w. rozwijana jest technika pozyskiwania danych przestrzennych za pomocą teledetekcyjnego skaningu laserowego (LiDAR), która znalazła zastosowanie w wielu dziedzinach nauki m.in. w geografii, archeologii i inżynierii. W tym artykule dokonano oceny tych danych w identyfikacji niektórych naturalnych i antropogenicznych form w korytach dwóch górskich cieków (Skawicy i Sopotni Wielkiej). Interpretacja numerycznego modelu terenu wygenerowanego z danych LiDAR, połączona z weryfikacją terenową pokazała, że możliwa jest precyzyjna identyfikacja progów rzecznych, których wysokość wynosiła co najmniej 0,8 m (zostały odnalezione wszystkie formy), a częściowo nawet mniejszych (do 0,5 m). Zaproponowano też sposób wizualizacji danych LiDAR, ułatwiający identyfikacje tego typu obiektów oraz omówiono ich wpływ na wyniki analiz hydrologicznych.The technology of obtaining spatial information by remote sensing with LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), used in geographical, archaeological and engineering studies, has been developed since the 1980s and 1990s. This paper presents the results of evaluation of the LiDAR data-based digital elevation model in identifying small forms of mountain river beds. The interpretation of this model was verified by field mapping conducted in two streams in the Polish Carpathians, i.e. those of the Skawica and the Sopotnia Wielka. Considerable possibilities of identifying channel forms such as rapids or cascades, with a height of up to 0.8 m (and in the case of some structures up to 0.5 m), were observed. The way of interpretation of these structures and their potential influence on LiDAR-based hydrological analyses were also discussed

Geochemical analyses of recent sediments from Lake Morzycko against selected physiographic parameters of the Słubia River catchment (Western Poland)

This paper presents the results of a study on the content of lithogeochemical components (organic matter, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn) and grain-size composition of mineral matter in the bottom sediments of Morzycko Lake (Myślibórz Lakeland, NW Poland). This lake is large (342.7 ha) and deep (69 m). The catchment has a typical forested character (mainly in the middle part of the Słubia River valley) with agricultural area (mainly in the upland areas north of the lake). The diversity of concentrations of metals was analysed based on 44 samples from 22 representative sites, including surface sediments and sediments from 5 cm below the current lake bed. The results showed that the chemical composition and granulometry of bottom sediments depends on contemporary morphogenetic processes in the catchment of the Słubia River. Geochemical and grain-size indices varied due to changes in biological productivity, intensity of weathering of postglacial material making up the catchment, and potential for migration of metals to the lake with surface or underground runoff. An important aspect in assessing the degree of enrichment of the sediments in trace elements is the location of shallow parts of the lake near the tourist districts of Moryń

Oxidation Behavior of the Monolayered La2Zr2O7, Composite La2Zr2O7 + 8YSZ, and Double-Ceramic Layered La2Zr2O7/La2Zr2O7 + 8YSZ/8YSZ Thermal Barrier Coatings

The degradation process of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) such as monolayered La2Zr2O7, composite 50% La2Zr2O7 + 50% 8YSZ, and double-ceramic layer (DCL) La2Zr2O7/50% La2Zr2O7 + 50% 8YSZ/8YSZ was investigated. Coatings were deposited using the atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) process (ceramic layer and bond-coat) on the Ni-based superalloy substrate with Ni-22Cr-10Al-1Y bond-coat. The thickness of the ceramic top-coats in all cases were 300 µm. In the case of La2Zr2O7/8YSZ, the internal sublayer was built from 8YSZ powder whereas the outer from La2Zr2O7. Between both sublayers’ “composite” a 50% La2Zr2O7 + 50% 8YSZ zone was present. The “composite” 50% La2Zr2O7 + 50% 8YSZ TBC system was sprayed from two different feedstock powders with equal weight ratios. In the first part of the investigation, the microstructural characterization of the TBCs was presented. The main goals were related to the characterization of the degradation processes in different TBC systems with special emphasis on the phenomenon in the thermally grown oxide (TGO) zone related to oxidation, and the phenomenon related to phase stability in ceramic top-coats as related to temperature influence. The oxidation test was carried out in air at 1100 °C for 500 h. In the second step of the investigation, the numerical simulation of the monolayered TBC 8YSZ and La2Zr2O7 systems was analyzed from the stress distribution point of view. Additionally, the two-layered TBC coating of the DCL type was also analyzed