Achatina fulica infected by Angiostrongylus cantonensis on beaches, in the west zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is considered the main etiological agent of eosinophilic meningitis in humans. At present, this zoonosis is considered an emerging disease mainly in the Americas. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Achatina fulica infected by Angiostrongylus cantonensis in restinga areas along beaches in the west zone of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil. The study areas included the following beaches: Barra da Tijuca, Recreio dos Bandeirantes, Reserva, Prainha and Grumari. Ninety specimens of Achatina fulica were collected. Positive molluscs were found only in Barra da Tijuca. Infection prevalence was 5.5%. The presence of this parasite in the beachfront areas, in the west zone of Rio de Janeiro city demonstrates the potential risk of infection for visitors and the expansion of this helminth in the State of Rio de Janeiro

A survey of freshwater and terrestrial snails in a predominantly urban municipality of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, with emphasis on human parasites vectors

Many snail species act as intermediate hosts of helminths that transmit diseases to humans and animals, such as schistosomiasis and angiostrongyliasis. São Gonçalo, a mostly urban municipality in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, has undergone fundamental environmental impacts, which favor the establishment of a range of diseases, for which snails act as the intermediate hosts of the etiological agents. In the present study, freshwater and terrestrial snail populations were surveyed in different environments within five city districts, and the presence of helminths was determined in the collected specimens. A total of 287 individuals were collected, six species from freshwater environment, Pomacea sp. (Ampullariidae), Melanoides tuberculata (Thiaridae), Biomphalaria tenagophila (Planorbidae), Dysopeas muibum (Subulinidae), Physa marmorata, and Physa acuta (Physidae), and two from terrestrial environment, Achatina fulica (Achatinidae) and Bradybaena similaris (Bradybaenidae). Snails were found in only two districts, Centro, an urban area, and Ipiiba, a rural area. Thirteen percent of the specimens of A. fulica eliminated larvae of the nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis. None of the analyzed freshwater snails contained helminths.The most abundant and frequent snails were B. tenagophila, M. tuberculataand A. fulica, and the latter two species are exotic. The disturbance and degradation of natural areas adjacent to residential zones favor the proliferation of helminths, jeopardizing the local residents health. The abundance of A. fulica and B. tenagophila in the study area reinforces the need for a continuous and systematic monitoring of the snail fauna in this region

Endemic Angiostrongyliasis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-10-06T12:58:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernando_monteiro_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 214467 bytes, checksum: 7938fea29a355143991cd4f518b2d970 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-10-06T13:12:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernando_monteiro_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 214467 bytes, checksum: 7938fea29a355143991cd4f518b2d970 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-06T13:12:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernando_monteiro_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 214467 bytes, checksum: 7938fea29a355143991cd4f518b2d970 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

First records of molluscs naturally infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) in Northeastern Brazil, including new global records of natural intermediate hosts

Human neural angiostrongyliasis is an emerging infectious disease caused by nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis. The present study investigated the presence of Angiostrongylus spp. in terrestrial molluscs collected from the following areas in the Metropolitan Region of Aracaju, Sergipe State, Brazil: Barra dos Coqueiros, Nossa Senhora do Socorro, Sao Cristovao and Aracaju. In total, 703 specimens representing 13 mollusc species were screened for Angiostrongylus spp. Larvae of Angiostrongylus spp. were found in three species. Larvae recovered from Achatina fulica were used for experimental infection in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). For specific identification of nematodes, the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was sequenced from both larvae and adults recovered from molluscs and rats, respectively. Infection with A. cantonensis was detected in all municipalities and in the following three host species: Bulimulus tenuissimus, Cyclodontina fasciata (Barra dos Coqueiros), and A. fulica (Aracaju, Nossa Senhora do Socorro and Sao Cristovao). Coinfections were also found with Caenorhabditis sp. and Strongyluris sp. larvae. This is the first study of the helminth fauna associated with the terrestrial malacofauna in Sergipe State, and confirms that these three snail species are involved in the transmission of A. cantonensis in the state. In addition, B. tenuissimus and C. fasciata are newly reported natural hosts of the parasite

Assessment of the experimental infection by Echinostoma paraensei (Lie & Basch, 1967) (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) in two Biomphalaria tenagophila (D’Orbigny, 1835) (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) isolates resistant and susceptible to Schistosoma mansoni (Sambon, 1907) (Trematoda: Schistosomatidae)

Different isolates of Biomphalaria tenagophila show a large spectrum of compatibility to the trematode Schistosoma mansoni, ranging from entirely refractory to highly susceptible. The aim of this study was to verify the pattern of compatibility of two B. tenagophila geographical isolates, resistant and susceptible to S. mansoni, when infected with Echinostoma paraensei. The snails were exposed to different numbers of miracidia, and mortality, histopathological characteristics and the number of cercariae released were evaluated. A correlation between the number of miracidia and the infectivity rate of B. tenagophila (TAIM) was observed. There was no correlation between the number of miracidia used and the number of cercariae released for both B. tenagophila isolates. Biomphalaria tenagophila (SJC) showed little susceptibility to the E. paraensei infection. The results demonstrate different degrees of compatibility for the two B. tenagophila isolates when infected with E. paraensei, and may contribute to studies about host-parasite relationships

The effect of early infection with Echinostoma paraensei on the interaction of Schistosoma mansoni with Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria tenagophila

Infection caused by the trematode Echinostoma paraensei has been shown to interfere in the natural resistance to infection by Schistosoma mansoni. Biomphalaria glabrata is susceptible to infection, while Taim isolate Biomphalaria tenagophila is resistant to infection by S. mansoni. These two snail species were assessed for infection with E. paraensei two days after exposure to S. mansoni miracidia. The number of B. tenagophila and B. glabrata infected with E. paraensei was lower in co-infected group, suggesting an antagonistic relationship. B. glabrata showed an increase in its susceptibility to S. mansoni, whereas B. tenagophila maintained its refractoriness to S. mansoni infection. Weekly comparisons made between the E. paraensei cercariae released from B. tenagophila and B. glabrata mono-infected snails revealed no quantitative differences. In contrast, S. mansoni cercariae released were higher in the B. glabrata co-infected group. Mortality rates were significantly greater in both species pertaining to co-infected group and unexpected mortalities were also observed in B. tenagophila exposed only to S. mansoni miracidia. Our study revealed that the B. tenagophila Taim isolate is susceptible to E. paraensei infection, although infection did not alter its resistance to S. mansoni infection

Avaliação bioquímica, hematológica e histopatológica da infecção experimental por Angiostrongylus cantonensis no hospedeiro definitivo Rattus norvegicus (Wistar) e estudo da interação Angiostrongylus cantonensis / Echinostoma paraensei no hospedeiro intermediário Biomphalaria glabrata

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-08T14:05:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 juberlan_garcia_ioc_dout_2014.pdf: 5272747 bytes, checksum: 0a5731978e1e998b6728ba6318bbdb14 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-23Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.A meningite eosinofílica é uma doença caracterizada pelo aumento de eosinófilos no líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR), cuja causa mais comum é a invasão do sistema nervoso central por helmintos. Entre os helmintos, destaca-se o Angiostrongylus cantonensis. O roedor Rattus norvegicus é o hospedeiro natural definitivo e o homem atua como hospedeiro acidental e que pode se infectar através da ingestão de moluscos crus ou mal cozidos ou alimentos contaminados com a larva L3. Recentemente, no Brasil houve quatro casos de meningite eosinofílica, devido à ingestão ou manipulação de Achatina fulica infectada. Foi realizado uma avaliação das alterações metabólicas, fisiológicas e histopatológicas em R. norvegicus experimentalmente infectados com 100 larvas L3 de A. cantonensis e o estudo do efeito da infecção concomitante por Echinostoma paraensei e A. cantonensis sobre a atividade das aminotransferases ALT e AST, na concentração de proteínas totais, ácido úrico, ureia e análise histopatológica para compreender o efeito da infecção concomitante em Biomphalaria glabrata Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a infecção causada por A. cantonensis em R. norvegicus promoveu alterações metabólicas hepáticas e histopatológicas, caracterizadas pelo aumento da atividade das enzimas ALT, AST, GGT e ALKP, alteração no metabolismo glicídico, presença de infiltrado inflamatório, alterações hematológicas significativas, além disso promoveu alterações histopatológicas no parênquima pulmonar demonstraram nos roedores a ocorrência de áreas de necrose e extensa fibrose, podendo estar diretamente relacionada com o desenvolvimento de hipóxia celular. Os moluscos infectados apresentaram alterações nos níveis das aminotransferases e aumento na excreção de produtos nitrogenados, os resultados histopatológicos mostraram uma mudança na distribuição de A. cantonensis na presença de E. paraensei, indicando que a presença deste trematódeo pode interferir na dinâmica do A. cantonensis. A infecção por A. cantonensis causou alterações metabólicas e histopatológicas nos roedoresE osinophilic meningitis is a disease characterized by increased eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is the most common ly cause d by invasion of the central nervous system by helminths , as occurs in Angiostrongylus cantonensis infections . The rodent Rattus norvegicus is the definitive natural host and humans act as accidental host s and can become infected by eating raw or undercooked snail s or food contaminated with infective L 3 larvae. Recently in Brazil there have been four cases of eosinophilic meningitis due to ingestion of infected Achatina fulica . An evaluation of metabolic, p hysiological and pathological changes in R. norvegicus experimentally infected with 100 L 3 larvae of A. cantonensis and study the effect of co - infection with Echinostoma paraensei and A. cantonensis on the activity of aminotransferases ALT and AST was perf ormed in the concentration total protein, uric acid, urea and histopathologic analysis to understand the effect of co - infection in Biomphalaria glabrata . The results showed that the infection caused by A. cantonensis in R. norvegicus promoted histopathological changes in liver metabolism is characterized by increased activity of ALT, AST, GGT and ALKP enzymes in glucose metabolism, inflammatory infiltrate, hematological changes significant in addition in addition histopathological alt erations in lung parenchyma in rodents have shown the occurrence of extensive areas of necrosis and fibrosis, which can be directly related to the development of cellular hypoxia. The infected snails showed altered levels of aminotransferases and increased excretion of nitrogen products, histopathological findings showed a change in the distribution of A. cantonensis in the presence of E. paraensei, indicating that the presence of this trematode may interfere with the dynamics of A. cantonensis

A survey of freshwater and terrestrial snails in a predominantly urban municipality of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, with emphasis on human parasites vectors

ABSTRACT Many snail species act as intermediate hosts of helminths that transmit diseases to humans and animals, such as schistosomiasis and angiostrongyliasis. São Gonçalo, a mostly urban municipality in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, has undergone fundamental environmental impacts, which favor the establishment of a range of diseases, for which snails act as the intermediate hosts of the etiological agents. In the present study, freshwater and terrestrial snail populations were surveyed in different environments within five city districts, and the presence of helminths was determined in the collected specimens. A total of 287 individuals were collected, six species from freshwater environment, Pomacea sp. (Ampullariidae), Melanoides tuberculata (Thiaridae), Biomphalaria tenagophila (Planorbidae), Dysopeas muibum (Subulinidae), Physa marmorata, and Physa acuta (Physidae), and two from terrestrial environment, Achatina fulica (Achatinidae) and Bradybaena similaris (Bradybaenidae). Snails were found in only two districts, Centro, an urban area, and Ipiiba, a rural area. Thirteen percent of the specimens of A. fulica eliminated larvae of the nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis. None of the analyzed freshwater snails contained helminths.The most abundant and frequent snails were B. tenagophila, M. tuberculataand A. fulica, and the latter two species are exotic. The disturbance and degradation of natural areas adjacent to residential zones favor the proliferation of helminths, jeopardizing the local residents health. The abundance of A. fulica and B. tenagophila in the study area reinforces the need for a continuous and systematic monitoring of the snail fauna in this region