A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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Diet supplemented with Grifola gargal mushroom enhances growth, lipid content, and nutrient retention of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

This study examined the suitability of the edible mushroom Grifola gargal as a dietary supplement for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Three treatments were established in triplicate using 50 fish (0.33 ± 0.01 g) held in 50-L containers. Treatments consisted of feeds (42–45% protein, ca. 18% lipid) supplemented with fruiting-bodies of G. gargal at 0 g kg−1 (control diet (CTRL)), 25 g kg−1 (GG25), or 100 g kg−1 (GG100). Fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice a day (except on Sundays) for 56 days. Feed intake and growth were recorded throughout the study, and fish body proximate composition and nutrient retention were assessed at the end of the trial. Fish given GG25 diet had better growth and feed utilization than those given the other feeds. Final body weight was 2.37 ± 0.04 g (CTRL), 4.07 ± 0.07 g (GG25), and 1.94 ± 0.06 g (GG100) and the thermal-unit growth coefficient increased significantly from 0.64 ± 0.01 in CTRL to 0.87 ± 0.01 in GG25. The feed efficiency and the protein efficiency ratio were best for fish fed GG25, and body lipid was 42.3 ± 2.6 g kg−1 in CTRL and 75.3 ± 1.5 g kg−1 in GG25 treatments. This coincided with a lower viscerosomatic index in the fish given GG25 than in those provided with the other feeds. These results suggest that dietary supplementation with G. gargal at 25 g kg−1 enhances growth and leads to improved feed utilization in small rainbow trout.Fil: Pascual, Mariano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Hualde, Juan P.. Centro de Ecología Aplicada de Neuquén; ArgentinaFil: Bianchi, Virginia Angélica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigaciones En Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Cs.agrarias. Centro de Investigaciones En Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Luquet, Carlos Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentin

Wheat grains fermented by fungal mycelia (Pleurotus ostreatus or Lentinus edodes) as alternative feed ingredients for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

We investigated the effects of replacing non-fermented wheat grains with wheat grains fermented by fungal mycelia in the diet of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). We assessed growth performance, feeding parameters, and body composition in three experimental groups (0.33 ± 0.01 g, in triplicates of 50 individuals each). The diets for all the groups contained ca. 43% protein and 19% lipids. Experimental diets were made by replacing the 100 g kg−1 of wheat grains present in the basal diet (CTRL) with the same proportion of wheat grains fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus (PWD) or Lentinus edodes (LWD) mycelium. Fish were fed to apparent satiation twice a day for 56 days. Both, PWD and LWD, significantly increased fish body weight from day 28 onwards. Final body weight was 2.37 ± 0.04 g (CTRL), 4.29 ± 0.02 g (PWD), and 3.50 ± 0.05 g (LWD), and feeding efficiency (%) was increased from 64.5 ± 0.7 (CTRL) to 92.5 ± 0.5 (PWD) and 84.8 ± 1.5 (LWD). The experimental diets also improved nutrient retention efficiency (%): 30.0 ± 0.5 (PWD), 27.7 ± 1.1 (LWD), and 21.0 ± 0.1 (CTRL), for crude protein; 40.3 ± 0.6 (PWD), 31.0 ± 1.8 (LWD), and 16.1 ± 0.7 (CTRL), for ether extract; and 16.1 ± 0.1 (PWD), 14.0 ± 0.3 (LWD), and 11.6 ± 0.6 (CTRL), for phosphorus. Body lipid content was highest for PWD followed by LWD and CTRL (81.4 ± 1.4, 63.2 ± 2.5, 42.3 ± 2.6 g kg−1, respectively), while viscerosomatic index was lowest for PWD (p < 0.05). Liver glycogen in LWD and PWD fish (0.62 ± 0.10 and 0.21 ± 0.08% liver weight) was significantly higher than in CTRL fish (0.05 ± 0.01% liver weight). Wheat-mycelium meals appear to be suitable dietary ingredients for improving juvenile rainbow trout growth and nutritional performance. These benefits vary according to the mushroom species used.Fil: Pascual, Mariano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; ArgentinaFil: Hualde, Juan P.. Provincia del Neuquén. Subsecretaría de Producción y Recursos Naturales. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Neuquén; ArgentinaFil: Bianchi, Virginia Angélica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; ArgentinaFil: Moreno, Pablo Moreno. Provincia del Neuquén. Subsecretaría de Producción y Recursos Naturales. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Neuquén; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; ArgentinaFil: Luquet, Carlos Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática; Argentin