Desempenho de frangos de corte e produção de energia em biodigestores, utilizando-se três tipos de cama

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o uso de três tipos de cama de frango e sua ação na produção de biogás. Foram utilizados 720 pintos de corte da linhagem Cobb 500®, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e oito repetições com 30 aves cada. Os tratamentos consistiram de diferentes tipos de cama: T1: cama de maravalha; T2: cama de casca de amendoim; T3: cama de capim napier. As características avaliadas nos frangos foram: desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e de partes e densitometria óssea. Para as camas determinou-se a produção, a composição química e os potenciais de produção de biogás de cama (biodigestores do tipo contínuo e batelada) de frangos de corte. As camas e as excretas alimentaram os biodigestores com quatro repetições por tratamento. Foi realizada a análise de variância dos dados e em caso de significância estatística foi adotado o procedimento de comparação das médias pelo Teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Não houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre os tratamentos para nenhuma das características de desempenho das aves (ganho de peso, peso médio, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar). O tratamento com cama de maravalha quando comparado aos demais tratamentos apresentou diferença significativa com relação ao rendimento da coxa e sobrecoxa e também para as características densitométricas. Foram também observados os maiores valores para a composição mineral óssea e a densidade mineral óssea. Para o teor de minerais, a cama de casca de amendoim apresentou o maior teor de nitrogênio e o capim napier o maior teor de potássio, diferindo significativamente dos demais tratamentos. O tratamento em se que utilizou a cama de maravalha apresentou valores maiores e significativos (P<0,05) para FDN, FDA e Lignina. A maior produção de biogás e de metano foi obtida nos biodigestores semi-contínuos abastecidos com capim napier, observando se ...The purpose of the study was to evaluate the use of three types of poultry litter and its effect on biogas production. 720 broiler chicks Cobb 500 ® line were distributed in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 8 replicates of 30 birds each were utilized. Treatments consisted of different bed types: T1: Shavings; T2: Bark Peanut; T3: Napier grass. The characteristics evaluated were: performance, carcass and parts, bone densitometry, production, chemical composition and potential of biogas production from poultry litter (digesters continuous type and batch). The poultry litter and excreta were distributed in digesters with 4 replicates per treatment. Analysis of variance was performed and in case of statistical significance was adopted procedure for comparison of means by Tukey test at 5% probability. There was no significant difference (p <0.05) between treatments for any of the performance characteristics of birds (GP, PM, RC and AC). Treatment with shavings when compared to the other treatments showed significant difference with respect to the income of the thigh and drumstick and also for densitometric characteristics showed higher values for bone mineral content and bone mineral density. For the mineral content, the Double Peanut Bark the highest level of Nitrogen and Napier grass the highest level of potassium, differing significantly from the other treatments. The treatment that used the shavings had higher and significant values (P <0.05) for NDF, ADF and lignin. The higher production of biogas and methane was obtained in semi-continuous digesters supplied with napier grass, observing mean values of 0.00319 and 0.13762 m³ kg, respectively. The potential for methane production was significantly different between treatments peanut shell and napier grass in relation to treatment with wood shavings, which has the potential of producing 0.2346 m³ / kg VS added. For treatment in digesters of the batch type napier ..

Effect of supplementation of diets for quails with vitamins A, D and E on performance of the birds and quality and enrichment of eggs Efeito da suplementação de dieta de codornas com vitaminas A, D e E sobre o desempenho das aves e a qualidade e o enriquecimento dos ovos

The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of birds and the quality and enrichment of eggs from quails fed diets supplemented with vitamins A, D and E. Three experiments were performed, one for each vitamin, under completely randomized experimental design, with six replicates and eight birds per plot, totaling 192 quails. Performance of birds was evaluated by the daily feed intake, egg weight, laying percentage (%) and food conversion, per kg and dozen of eggs. It was also evaluated the internal quality (Haugh unit, yolk index and yolk and albumen percentages) and external quality (eggshell percentage, egg specific gravity, eggshell thickness and weight) and the concentration of vitamins in egg yolk by using the high performance liquid chromatography method. Vitamins supplementation did not improve productive performance neither the internal and external quality of the eggs, except for vitamin D supplementation, which increased intake. Incorporation of vitamin A in yolk increased 536.27% at level 30,000 UI/kg, vitamin D increased 13.43% at 1,500 UI/kg and vitamin E increased 479.05% at 600 UI/kg, and these results evidence that the nutritional value of eggs, related to vitamins, can be increased through supplementation of diets for quails.<br>Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa avaliar o desempenho das aves e a qualidade e o enriquecimento de ovos de codornas sob suplementação com vitaminas A, D e E. Foram realizados três experimentos, um para cada vitamina, em delineamentos inteiramente casualizados, com seis repetições e oito aves por parcela, totalizando 192 codornas. O desempenho das aves foi avaliado pelo consumo diário de ração, peso dos ovos, porcentagem de postura e conversão alimentar, por kg e dúzia de ovos. Também foram avaliadas a qualidade interna (unidade Haugh, índice gema e porcentagens de gema e albúmen) e externa (porcentagem de casca, peso específico, espessura e peso da casca) e a concentração das vitaminas na gema dos ovos, mediante o método de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. A suplementação das vitaminas não melhorou o desempenho produtivo nem a qualidade interna e externa dos ovos, com exceção da suplementação de vitamina D, que elevou o consumo. A incorporação de vitamina A na gema aumentou 536,27% no nível de 30.000 UI/kg, a de vitamina D 13,43% no nível de 1.500 UI/kg e a de vitamina E 479,05% no nível de 600 UI/kg, e isso evidencia que o valor nutricional dos ovos, relacionado à vitamina, pode ser aumentado com a suplementação na dieta das codornas

Efeito da suplementação de dieta de codornas com vitaminas A, D e E sobre o desempenho das aves e a qualidade e o enriquecimento dos ovos

Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa avaliar o desempenho das aves e a qualidade e o enriquecimento de ovos de codornas sob suplementação com vitaminas A, D e E. Foram realizados três experimentos, um para cada vitamina, em delineamentos inteiramente casualizados, com seis repetições e oito aves por parcela, totalizando 192 codornas. O desempenho das aves foi avaliado pelo consumo diário de ração, peso dos ovos, porcentagem de postura e conversão alimentar, por kg e dúzia de ovos. Também foram avaliadas a qualidade interna (unidade Haugh, índice gema e porcentagens de gema e albúmen) e externa (porcentagem de casca, peso específico, espessura e peso da casca) e a concentração das vitaminas na gema dos ovos, mediante o método de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. A suplementação das vitaminas não melhorou o desempenho produtivo nem a qualidade interna e externa dos ovos, com exceção da suplementação de vitamina D, que elevou o consumo. A incorporação de vitamina A na gema aumentou 536,27% no nível de 30.000 UI/kg, a de vitamina D 13,43% no nível de 1.500 UI/kg e a de vitamina E 479,05% no nível de 600 UI/kg, e isso evidencia que o valor nutricional dos ovos, relacionado à vitamina, pode ser aumentado com a suplementação na dieta das codornas.The objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of birds and the quality and enrichment of eggs from quails fed diets supplemented with vitamins A, D and E. Three experiments were performed, one for each vitamin, under completely randomized experimental design, with six replicates and eight birds per plot, totaling 192 quails. Performance of birds was evaluated by the daily feed intake, egg weight, laying percentage (%) and food conversion, per kg and dozen of eggs. It was also evaluated the internal quality (Haugh unit, yolk index and yolk and albumen percentages) and external quality (eggshell percentage, egg specific gravity, eggshell thickness and weight) and the concentration of vitamins in egg yolk by using the high performance liquid chromatography method. Vitamins supplementation did not improve productive performance neither the internal and external quality of the eggs, except for vitamin D supplementation, which increased intake. Incorporation of vitamin A in yolk increased 536.27% at level 30,000 UI/kg, vitamin D increased 13.43% at 1,500 UI/kg and vitamin E increased 479.05% at 600 UI/kg, and these results evidence that the nutritional value of eggs, related to vitamins, can be increased through supplementation of diets for quails

Egg quality during storage and deposition of minerals in eggs from quails fed diets supplemented with organic selenium, zinc and manganese

Three experiments with Japanese laying quails were performed aiming to assess the effect of supplementation with minerals in organic form on the egg quality during storage and the deposition of minerals in eggs. The assessments of each experiment were related to one mineral, thus, experiment 1 assessed the supplementation with selenium in 0.35-, 0.70- and 1.05-mg/kg levels of feed; experiment 2, the supplementation with zinc in 50-, 100- and 150-mg/kg levels of feed; and experiment 3, the supplementation of manganese with 60-; 120- and 180-mg/kg levels of feed. All diets were evaluated compared with a control diet without mineral supplementation. Birds were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, with eight birds per plot and six replicates per treatment. Fifty-five days after the beginning of diets, the yolks of three eggs from each plot were collected for selenium, zinc and manganese quantification, whereas the albumens of three eggs from each parcel were collected for analysis of selenium concentration. Eggs were collected at the last days of the experimental period from each experiment, to be stored at room temperature (28±2 °C) and refrigeration (4 °C) during different periods (0, 10, 20 and 30 days), except for experiment 3, in which eggs were stored at 0, 10 and 20 days. Percentages of albumen and yolk, yolk index, Haugh unit and moisture loss of eggs were evaluated. The supplementation with selenium is able to maintain the egg yolk index unchanged over the storage periods; however, supplementation with zinc and manganese is not effective to keep the quality of stored eggs. Supplementation with selenium and manganese is effective to increase the concentration of these minerals at 328.66% in the albumen and at 74.47% in the yolk, respectively. The different levels of zinc do not change the egg composition