Explainable Misinformation Detection Across Multiple Social Media Platforms

In this work, the integration of two machine learning approaches, namely domain adaptation and explainable AI, is proposed to address these two issues of generalized detection and explainability. Firstly the Domain Adversarial Neural Network (DANN) develops a generalized misinformation detector across multiple social media platforms DANN is employed to generate the classification results for test domains with relevant but unseen data. The DANN-based model, a traditional black-box model, cannot justify its outcome, i.e., the labels for the target domain. Hence a Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) explainable AI model is applied to explain the outcome of the DANN mode. To demonstrate these two approaches and their integration for effective explainable generalized detection, COVID-19 misinformation is considered a case study. We experimented with two datasets, namely CoAID and MiSoVac, and compared results with and without DANN implementation. DANN significantly improves the accuracy measure F1 classification score and increases the accuracy and AUC performance. The results obtained show that the proposed framework performs well in the case of domain shift and can learn domain-invariant features while explaining the target labels with LIME implementation enabling trustworthy information processing and extraction to combat misinformation effectively.Comment: 28 pages,4 figure

空気-液晶界面で蒸発により形成した配向性多糖材料に関する研究

Supervisor:金子　達雄先端科学技術研究科博士（マテリアルサイエンス

Different Therapeutic Angles of Commonly used Swarna Kalpa

Ayurveda being the science of life, primarily focuses on enhancing health of healthy individuals and removal of disease causing entities in a diseased person. Swarna (gold) has substantial therapeutic value, which has been indicated in different classics of Ayurveda. Swarna (gold) is desired by every human for many centuries. The desire is not only for its ornamental or commercial value but also because of its great medicinal value by which it increases strength and immunity. Swarna is converted into suitable dosage forms like Parpati, Pottali, Vati etc. Swarna kalpas are the unique blend of herbomineral formulations where Gold is used as one of the main ingredient. Swarna kalpas are widely used as therapeutic as well as life saving agents (in some emergencies). These formulations are helpful in treating many chronic disease conditions but it also acts miraculous when used for Rasayana purpose. In this review most commonly used Swarna kalpas such as Yogendra ras, Rasraj Ras, Vasant Kusumakar ras, Swarna malini vasant are discussed on the basis of different therapeutic angle

Facile design of antibacterial sheets of sacran and nanocellulose

Synthetic materials cause considerable damage over long-term usage. Therefore, the multiple benefits of naturally-derived polymers are being acknowledged for sustainable material fabrication. We prepared hybrid hydrogel sheets of polysaccharides, sacran and nanocellulose as soothing wound dressings. Antibacterial activity was purveyed by introducing silver nanoparticles in the polysaccharide blend; it was further dried to a film and subsequently crosslinked via thermal annealing. This step provided physical-crosslink junctions in the matrix and firm lodging of the nanoparticles. At the same time, use of harmful chemicals was circumvented. The silver nanoparticle–polysaccharide hydrogels significantly reduce the viability of different bacteria and can potentially be applied as on-demand dressings

Carbon capture and the aluminium industry: preliminary studies

Carbonation of raw red mud produced by aluminium refineries and a chemically and physically neutralized red mud (Bauxsol™) has been carried out to study the capacity of these wastes to capture carbon dioxide. After only 5 min of carbonation of raw red mud, total alkalinity dropped 85%. Hydroxide alkalinity was almost totally consumed, carbonate alkalinity dropped by 88%, and bicarbonate alkalinity increased to 728 mg L–1. After 24 min carbonation, the bicarbonate alkalinity reached its maximum value of 2377 mg L–1, and hydroxide and carbonate alkalinity were virtually absent. After 30 and 60 min carbonation, bicarbonate alkalinity started to decrease slightly as the pH of the slurry increased. After 5 min carbonation of Bauxsol™, total and bicarbonate alkalinity dropped 89% and 9%, respectively. After 20 min carbonation, bicarbonate alkalinity dropped another 11%, but after 30 min carbonation bicarbonate alkalinity increased 26% to levels found in the original Bauxsol material, and pH was stable. Based on these experiments, a calculation of the amount of carbon dioxide that could be removed annually at aluminium refineries in Australia is potentially 15 million tonnes, and suggests that further studies are necessary to maximize this carbon removal process. Furthermore, carbonation produces a product, which can potentially be used in other industrial and agricultural activities to remove toxic metals and nutrients

Dataset of Sac/CNF-Ag nanocomposites for antibacterial properties

The data in this article includes a variety of analysis, including swelling, viscosity and FT-IR to better understand the thermal-mechanical, viscoelastic and swelling properties of sacran, CNF, and Ag nanoparticles individually and collectively. The fabrication method of Sacran, CNF, and Sac/CNF-Ag composite films is also demonstrated in this data item and are related to the research article “Facile design of antibacterial sheets of sacran and nanocellulose”. This data article summarizes all the information so that it is evident how silver nanoparticle-polysaccharide hydrogels might be employed as an on-demand dressings due to their proven ability to reduce bacterial viability

Assessment of gender using condyle-coronoid angle and various linear measurements of Mandibular Ramus in south Indian population: A digital panoramic study

Background: Gender determination is a valuable factor in forensic odontology. Mandible may play a important role in gender estimation as it shows significant dimorphism and is often recovered intact. Mandibular ramus as well as condyle and coronoid have shown sexual dimorphism. Digital panoramic radiographs can be used to determine the age and gender. The purpose of the current study was to measure, compare and evaluate the various measurements of mandibular ramus and as well as to assess their usefulness in gender determination. Materials and Methods: 100 panoramic images ( 50 males and 50 females) of Bagalkot district, Karnataka patients aged (18-58)yrs old were selected. Parameters namely condyle ramus height, coronoid ramus height, condyle coronoid breadth, maximum ramus breadth, minimum ramus breadth, coronoid-condyle angle were taken into consideration, the values were measured and data was analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software.Results: In the present study all the measurements of the mandibular ramus on digital panoramic radiographs showed a statistically significant difference between both the genders except maximum ramus breadth and coronoid-condylar breadth which shows statistically insignificant results

Assessment of Gender Using Condyle-coronoid Angle and Various Linear Measurements of Mandibular Ramus in South Indian Population: A Digital Panoramic Study

Background: Gender determination is a valuable factor in forensic odontology. Mandible may play a important role in gender estimation as it shows significant dimorphism and is often recovered intact. Mandibular ramus as well as condyle and coronoid have shown sexual dimorphism. Digital panoramic radiographs can be used to determine the age and gender. The purpose of the current study was to measure, compare and evaluate the various measurements of mandibular ramus and as well as to assess their usefulness in gender determination. Materials and Methods: 100 panoramic images ( 50 males and 50 females) of Bagalkot district, Karnataka patients aged (18-58)yrs old were selected. Parameters namely condyle ramus height, coronoid ramus height, condyle coronoid breadth, maximum ramus breadth, minimum ramus breadth, coronoid-condyle angle were taken into consideration, the values were measured and data was analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software.Results: In the present study all the measurements of the mandibular ramus on digital panoramic radiographs showed a statistically significant difference between both the genders except maximum ramus breadth and coronoid-condylar breadth which shows statistically insignificant results

Stromal expression of CD10 in breast carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters

Introduction: Breast cancer is the foremost cause of death in women worldwide with more than one million cases occurring annually. Aim: This study was conducted to study the stromal CD10 expression in breast carcinomas (BCa) and its correlation with various prognostic factors such as tumor size, histological grade, lymph node status, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2neu, and Ki67 status. Materials and Methods: Sixty cases of BCa diagnosed between 2013 and 2015 were included in the study. Stromal expression of CD10 was studied on entire section of selected BCa blocks for all cases. A technique of manual tissue microarray was employed for the analysis of expression of immunohistochemical markers ER, PR, and HER2/Neu and Ki67 in all cases. Results were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Stromal CD10 positivity was seen in 78.3% cases, out of which 53.3% of cases were strongly positive, and 25.0% cases were weakly positive. Positivity for ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 was 31.7%, 33.3%, 65%, and 75%, respectively. Stromal expression of CD10 was found to be significantly associated with increasing tumor grade, lymph node status, HER2neu positivity, ER negativity, and Ki67 positivity. CD10 stromal expression was seen mainly in PR negative BCa cases; however, it was statistically insignificant. It was noted that CD10 stromal positivity increased with increasing grade. Conclusion: CD10 can be used as an independent prognostic marker and should be included in routine histopathology report. CD10 could act as a potential target for newer drug development