Comparative lipid profiling dataset of the inflammation-induced optic nerve regeneration.

In adult mammals, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) fail to regenerate following damage. As a result, RGCs die after acute injury and in progressive degenerative diseases such as glaucoma; this can lead to permanent vision loss and, eventually, blindness. Lipids are crucial for the development and maintenance of cell membranes, myelin sheaths, and cellular signaling pathways, however, little is known about their role in axon injury and repair. Studies examining changes to the lipidome during optic nerve (ON) regeneration could greatly inform treatment strategies, yet these are largely lacking. Experimental animal models of ON regeneration have facilitated the exploration of the molecular determinants that affect RGC axon regeneration. Here, we analyzed lipid profiles of the ON and retina in an ON crush rat model using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Furthermore, we investigated lipidome changes after ON crush followed by intravitreal treatment with Zymosan, a yeast cell wall derivative known to enhance RGC regeneration. This data is available at the NIH Common Fund's Metabolomics Data Repository and Coordinating Center (supported by NIH grant, U01-DK097430) website, the Metabolomics Workbench, http://www.metabolomicsworkbench.org, where it has been assigned Project ID: PR000661. The data can be accessed directly via it's Project DOI: doi: 10.21,228/M87D53

DRIFT : a numerical simulation solution for cooling tower drift eliminator performance

Topical report for Task #3 of the Waste Heat Management Research ProgramA method for the analysis of the performance of standard industrial evaporative cooling tower drift eliminators using numerical simulation methods is reported. The simulation methods make use of the computer code SOLASUR as a subroutine of the computer code DRIFT to calculate the two dimensional laminar flow velocity field and pressure loss in a drift eliminator geometry. This information is then used in the main program to obtain the eliminator collection efficiency by performing trajectory calculations for droplet's of a given size by a fourth' order Runge-Kutta numerical method.New England Electric System & Northeast Utilities Service Co

The EdTech difference: Digitalisation, digital pedagogy, and technology enhanced learning

This editorial is in support of an issue of the Journal that has a focus on educational technology (EdTech). With this in mind, this editorial will provide advice on how the editorial team for this section feels that educational technology will evolve into the latter part of the 2020’s, especially given the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Examples are given of how writing in this space has changed over the years of the pandemic, with a history of EdTech given, followed by an argument for the need for technology to be used in context. This is followed by descriptions of good practice around theoretical framing, methodology rigour, inclusion of the people element, and the need for the technology to serve a purpose. The piece concludes with a summary of where the editorial team feels the field will go from here into the future. Throughout, practical examples of submissions made over the last few years are given to help illustrate a coherent direction. It is anticipated that this editorial will serve as a guide for future authors to use in service of better educational technology outputs in the future

Etiology and Pathogenesis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is complex disease composed of different histological grades and types. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the development of different phenotypes remain largely unknown. Epidemiological studies identified multiple exogenous and endogenous risk factors for ovarian cancer development. Among them, an inflammatory stromal microenvironment seems to play a critical role in the initiation of the disease. The interaction between such a microenvironment, genetic polymorphisms, and different epithelial components such as endosalpingiosis, endometriosis, and ovarian inclusion cyst in the ovarian cortex may induce different genetic changes identified in the epithelial component of different histological types of ovarian tumors. Genetic studies on different histological grades and types provide insight into the pathogenetic pathways for the development of different disease phenotypes. However, the link between all these genetic changes and the etiological factors remains to be established

Comparative evaluation of cooling tower drift eliminator performance

Originally presented as the author's thesis, (Ph.D.) in the M.I.T. Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1977.The performance of standard industrial evaporative cooling tower drift eliminators is analyzed using experiments and numerical simulations. The experiments measure the droplet size spectra at the inlet and outlet of the eliminator with a laser light scattering technique. From these measured spectra, the collection efficiency is deduced as a function of droplet size. The numerical simulations use the computer code SOLASUR as a subroutine of the computer code DRIFT to calculate the two-dimensional laminar flow velocity field and pressure drop in a drift eliminator. The SOLASUR subroutine sets up either no-slip or freeslip boundary conditions at the rigid eliminator boundaries. This flow field is used by the main program to calculate the eliminator collection efficiency by performing trajectory calculations for droplets of a given size with a fourth-order Runge-Kutta Numerical method. The experimental results are in good agreement with the collection efficiencies calculated with no-slip boundary conditions. The pressure drop data for the eliminators is measured with an electronic manometer. There is good agreement between the measured and calculated pressure losses. The results show that both particle collection efficiency and pressure loss increase as the eliminator geometry becomes more complex, and as the flowrate through the eliminator increases.New England Electric System Northeast Utilities Service Co. under the MIT Energy Laboratory Electric Power Progra

Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Stroke‐Related Healthcare Costs

Background: Limited data exist on the economic implications of stroke among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). This study assesses the impact of AF on healthcare costs associated with ischemic stroke (IS), hemorrhagic stroke (HS), or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods and Results: A retrospective analysis of MarketScan claims data (2005‐2011) for AF patients ≥18 years old with ≥1 inpatient claim for stroke, or ≥1 ED or inpatient claim for TIA as identified by ICD‐9‐CM codes who had ≥12 months continuous enrollment prior to initial stroke. Initial event‐ and stroke‐related costs 12 months post‐index were compared among patients with AF and without AF. Adjusted costs were estimated, controlling for demographics, comorbidities, anticoagulant use, and baseline resource use. Data from 23 807 AF patients and 136 649 patients without AF were analyzed. Unadjusted mean cost of the index event was $20 933 for IS,$59 054 for HS, $8616 for TIA hospitalization, and$3395 for TIA ED visit. After controlling for potential confounders, adjusted mean incremental costs (index plus 12‐month post‐index) for AF patients were higher than those for non‐AF patients by: $4726,$7824, and $1890 for index IS, HS, TIA (identified by hospitalization), respectively, and$1700 for TIA (identified by ED) (all P<0.01). In multivariate regression analysis, AF was associated with a 20% (IS), 13% (HS), and 18% (TIA) increase in total stroke‐related costs. Conclusion: Stroke‐related care for IS, HS, and TIA is costly, especially among individuals with AF. Reducing the risk of AF‐related stroke is important from both clinical and economic standpoints

Heavy-quarkonium interaction in QCD at finite temperature

We explore the temperature dependence of the heavy-quarkonium interaction based on the Bhanot-Peskin leading order perturbative QCD analysis. The Wilson coefficients are computed solving the Schrodinger equation in a screened Coulomb heavy-quark potential. The inverse Mellin transform of the Wilson coefficients then allows for the computation of the 1S and 2S heavy-quarkonium gluon and pion total cross section at finite screening/temperature. As a phenomenological illustration, the temperature dependence of the 1S charmonium thermal width is determined and compared to recent lattice QCD results.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures. Clarification added, published versio

Outcomes of patients with Kaposi's sarcoma who start antiretroviral therapy under routine programme conditions in Malawi.

AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common AIDS-related malignancy in sub-Saharan Africa, with a generally unfavourable prognosis. We report on six-month and 12-month cohort treatment outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive KS patients and HIV-positive non-KS patients treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in public sector facilities in Malawi. Data were collected from standardized antiretroviral (ARV) patient master cards and ARV patient registers. Between July and September 2005, 7905 patients started ART-488 (6%) with a diagnosis of KS and 7417 with a non-KS diagnosis. Between January and March 2005, 4580 patients started ART-326 (7%) with a diagnosis of KS and 4254 with a non-KS diagnosis. At six-months and 12-months, significantly fewer KS patients were alive and significantly more had died or defaulted compared to non-KS patients. HIV-positive KS patients on ART in Malawi have worse outcomes than other patients on ART. Methods designed to improve these outcomes must be found