The \u27Nayirah\u27 Effect: The Role of Target States’ Human Rights Violations and Victims’ Emotive Images in War Support

When a target state violates human rights, how does the identity of the victims and the presence of emotive imagery affect the level of public support for interventionist war? How does the perceived race and gender of victims affect this relationship? We employ a survey experiment to study whether and when information about a target state’s human rights violations affects public attitudes toward the use of force. Specifically, we manipulate a fictional victim’s race (light-skinned vs. dark-skinned) and gender (male vs. female), and explore how these variations affect support for interventionist war. In our experiment, we find that war support is stronger when a target state violates human rights. More importantly, public support for intervention was affected by the characteristics of the victims of human rights abuse. Support for interventionist war was found to be greatest among those participants who viewed images of light-skinned or female victims, though a white male image was found to me most impactful. Our causal mediation analysis showed that subjects viewing light-skinned or female images had less concern about the costs of intervention. Our findings suggest that the racial and gender characteristics of the victims of human rights abuse plays a substantial role in determining individual support for war

De Hyperbato Platonico sive de trajectione verborum apud Platonem: Pars posterior

https://repository.brynmawr.edu/digitizedbooks/1040/thumbnail.jp

De Hyperbato Platonico sive de trajectione verborum apud Platonem: Pars posterior

https://repository.brynmawr.edu/digitizedbooks/1040/thumbnail.jp

An investigation of rotating stall in a single stage axial compressor

May 1955Thesis written jointly by both authors: Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1955Includes bibliographical referencesThe rotating stall characteristics of a single stage axial flow compressor were investigated. The number of stall cells and their propagation velocities were found with and without stator blades. The measured velocities were compared with those predicted by Stenning's theory, assuming the downstream pressure fluctuations to be negligible, and correlation within 25% was obtained over a wide range of stall patterns. It was found that the pressure fluctuations caused by rotating stall were less downstream of the rotor than upstream; the minimum reduction across the rotor was 40% with stator blades, and 75% without stator blades. It was also found that, for the compressor tested, the stator blades decreased, the number of stall cells and tended to induce rotating stall at larger mass flow rates.National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics Contract NAw - 6375Project D.I.C. 724

Highly Ionized High-Velocity Clouds toward PKS 2155-304 and Markarian 509

To gain insight into four highly ionized high-velocity clouds (HVCs) discovered by Sembach et al. (1999), we have analyzed data from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) for the PKS 2155-304 and Mrk 509 sight lines. We measure strong absorption in OVI and column densities of multiple ionization stages of silicon (SiII/III/IV) and carbon (CII/III/IV). We interpret this ionization pattern as a multiphase medium that contains both collisionally ionized and photoionized gas. Toward PKS 2155-304, for HVCs at -140 and -270 km/s, respectively, we measure logN(OVI)=13.80+/-0.03 and log N(OVI)=13.56+/-0.06; from Lyman series absorption, we find log N(HI)=16.37^(+0.22)_(-0.14) and 15.23^(+0.38)_(-0.22). The presence of high-velocity OVI spread over a broad (100 km/s) profile, together with large amounts of low-ionization species, is difficult to reconcile with the low densities, n=5x10^(-6) cm^(-3), in the collisional/photoionization models of Nicastro et al. (2002), although the HVCs show a similar relation in N(SiIV)/N(CIV) versus N(CII)/N(CIV) as high-z intergalactic clouds. Our results suggest that the high-velocity OVI in these absorbers do not necessarily trace the WHIM, but instead may trace HVCs with low total hydrogen column density. We propose that the broad high-velocity OVI absorption arises from shock ionization, at bowshock interfaces produced from infalling clumps of gas with velocity shear. The similar ratios of high ions for HVC Complex C and these highly ionized HVCs suggest a common production mechanism in the Galactic halo.Comment: 38 pages, including 10 figures. ApJ, 10 April, 2004. Replaced with accepted versio