Herramienta de planificación y dimensionamiento para redes WiMAX

A software tool for planning and dimensioning Wireless Networks based on standard 802.16 is presented in this paper. Due to the deployment of communication systems based on this standard, it is necessary a tool which allows an easy implementation and dimensioning of this type of networks. With this tool the user will be able to evaluate point to point and point to multipoint networks, obtaining results such as losses in the link, power received, signal noise rate, coverage or bit rates the network is able to handle. For that purpose, the tool will employ technical specifications of transmitters and receivers, design parameters of the network and different propagation models

Despliegues de femtoceldas LTE en interiores comparación con otras tecnologías inalámbricas

Long Term Evolution (LTE) has appeared with the aim of improving the performance of 3G networks, increasing spectral efficiency and peak rates both at downlink and uplink, reducing latency and increasing flexibility of frequency allocation. Therefore, LTE is expected to have a key role in the development of wireless networks and services in the next years, and, of course, in specific dedicated in-building solutions. Due to that fact, an analysis of LTE performance in indoor scenarios in terms of capacity and grade of service is essential, as well as its comparison with other indoor solutions, pointing out the technical challenges derived, and describing and proposing performance assessment rules to be used in LTE deployments

Efecto del tamaño de la ventana de promediado y la histéresis variable en algoritmos de handover horizontal en redes convergentes

En las redes convergentes inalámbricas, el traspaso horizontal entre distintos puntos de acceso de la red WLAN es una gran fuente de degradación de la calidad de la VoIP y otros servicios conversacionales en tiempo real. Esto es debido a que este tipo de redes no fueron concebidas originalmente para soportar este tipo de servicios, y los traspasos siguen un protocolo ¿cortar antes de realizar¿, produciéndose interrupciones en la comunicación motivadas por el tiempo que necesitan los terminales en volver a asociarse a la red. En este artículo se estudia el efecto que tienen el tamaño de la ventana de promediado de la señal, la histéresis variable y el retardo del handover por parecido entre potencia de puntos de acceso de destino sobre el número de traspasos y las caídas de la potencia de señal por debajo del valor de sensibilidad del terminal, causantes principales de las interrupciones en la comunicación, y, con ello, de la degradación de la calidad de las comunicaciones

Fracture test of a Gothic ribbed vault

A Gothic ribbed vault has been built at the School of Architecture of Madrid in order to investigate the construction complexities of this kind of vaults. The ribbed vault is described in the manuscript of Alonso de Vandelvira, and its shape was reconstructed making using the drawings this architect from the 16th century. The fracture test was carried on by loading the central keystone of the vault until its collapse took place. The experiment was filmed and by doing so, it was possible to observe the failure mechanism of the vault. At the same time, it was interesting to compare this collapse experience with the results obtained using two different me-thods. First, a stability calculation was carried out through graphic statics, and secondly a calcu-lation was performed using the rigid-block analysis method. The focus of this paper is to show and analyze the results of both studies

De cómo las chicas se emocionan jugando a la contra how girls feel playing with opposition

Pese a lo que pudiera entenderse del título, este estudio tiene como propósito el determinar las características de las emociones desencadenadas en mujeres jóvenes cuando realizan juegos motores de oposición. Como parte de una investigación más amplia que ya se presentó en la 4ª edición de 2012 de este Congreso, se diseñó un estudio cuasi-experimental, en el que un grupo de 169 estudiantes del primer curso de las enseñanzas superiores en Actividades físicas y Deportivas de Murcia y de Málaga, realizaron juegos motores de oposición, con o sin competición. Tras cada juego, se registraron las emociones que experimentaban (cuestionario Games and Emotions Scale), y también el resultado (ganar o perder) en el caso de los juegos competitivos. Se determina que hubo diferencias significativas entre las emociones positivas (intensidades más altas) y las emociones ambiguas, por un lado (intensidades intermedias), y las emociones negativas, por otro lado (intensidades más bajas). Además, se descubrieron diferencias entre la intensidad de las emociones en los juegos competitivos (curiosamente con idénticos valores más altos en las emociones al ganar o perder), y la intensidad en los juegos sin competición. Pues parece que sí es lo que primeramente se entiende del título: a las chicas les encanta jugar a la contra… en los juegos motores de oposición y de competición.Despite what you may understand from what the title says, the aim of this study is to determine the characteristics of the emotions experienced by young women when they play opposition games This quasi-experimental study is a part of another larger research where a group of 169 first year students of the Sports and Physical Activities degree from Murcia and Malaga carried out opposition games, with and without competition. This research was presented at the 4th edition of the 2012 Congress. After each game, the students registered the emotions they felt (Games and Emotions Scale questionnaire) and also the score (win or lose) in the case of competition games. The data reflects that there were significant differences between positive emotions (high intensity) and ambiguous emotions (intermediate intensity), and positive versus negative emotions (low intensity). The data also showed differences between the intensity of emotions in competitive games and non competitive games (curiously the same level of high emotional intensity was registered in those who lost the competition as those who won). So it seems that the first sense of the title is correct: girls enjoy having opposition… in competition and opposition games

On egalitarian values for cooperative games with a priori unions

This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11750-020-00553-2.[Abstract]: In this paper, we extend the equal division and the equal surplus division values for transferable utility cooperative games to the more general setup of transferable utility cooperative games with a priori unions. In the case of the equal surplus division value we propose three possible extensions. We provide axiomatic characterizations of the new values. Furthermore, we apply the proposed modifications to a particular motivating example and compare the numerical results with those obtained with the original values.This work has been supported by the ERDF, the MINECO/AEI grants MTM2017-87197-C3-1-P, MTM2017-87197-C3-3-P, and by the Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2016-015 and ED431C-2017/38 and Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia ED431G/01). The authors would like to thank two anonymous referees for their helpful suggestions to improve this article.Xunta de Galicia; ED431C-2016-015Xunta de Galicia; ED431C-2017/38Xunta de Galicia; ED431G/0

Necessary players and values

This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-03950-3.[Abstract]: In this paper we introduce the Γ value, a new value for cooperative games with transferable utility. We also provide an axiomatic characterization of the Γ value based on a property concerning the so-called necessary players. A necessary player of a game is one without which the characteristic function is zero. We illustrate the performance of the Γ value in a particular cost allocation problem that arises when the owners of the apartments in a building plan to install an elevator and share its installation cost; in the resulting example we compare the proposals of the Γ value, the equal division value and the Shapley value in two different scenarios. In addition, we propose an extension of the Γ value for cooperative games with transferable utility and with a coalition structure. Finally, we provide axiomatic characterizations of the coalitional Γ value and of the Owen and Banzhaf-Owen values using alternative properties concerning necessary players.This work has been supported by the ERDF, the MINECO/AEI grants MTM2017-87197-C3-1-P, MTM2017-87197-C3-3-P, and by the Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2016-015, ED431C-2017-38 and ED431C-2020-14, and Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia ED431G 2019/01). We also acknowledge the comments of two anonymous referees that have been very useful to improve this paper.Xunta de Galicia; ED431C-2016-015Xunta de Galicia; ED431C-2017-38Xunta de Galicia; ED431C-2020-14Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0

Different papillomaviruses have different repertoires of transcription factor binding sites: convergence and divergence in the upstream regulatory region

BACKGROUND: Papillomaviruses (PVs) infect stratified squamous epithelia in warm-blooded vertebrates and have undergone a complex evolutionary process. The control of the expression of the early ORFs in PVs depends on the binding of cellular and viral transcription factors to the upstream regulatory region (URR) of the virus. It is believed that there is a core of transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) common to all PVs, with additional individual differences, although most of the available information focuses only on a handful of viruses. RESULTS: We have studied the URR of sixty-one PVs, covering twenty different hosts. We have predicted the TFBS present in the URR and analysed these results by principal component analysis and genetic algorithms. The number and nature of TFBS in the URR might be much broader than thus far described, and different PVs have different repertoires of TFBS. CONCLUSION: There are common fingerprints in the URR in PVs that infect primates, although the ancestors of these viruses diverged a long time ago. Additionally, there are obvious differences between the URR of alpha and beta PVs, despite these PVs infect similar histological cell types in the same host, i.e. human. A thorough analysis of the TFBS in the URR might provide crucial information about the differential biology of cancer-associated PVs

Neuroscience and subjectivity. A proposal for cooperation between neuroscience and some philosophical traditions

One of the main challenges of biology consists in articulating a coherent view of the central nervous system and its structure. To this end, neuroscience has emerged as an interdisciplinary project which looks to integrate the different disciplines