Comportamento ingestivo diurno de novilhas Jersey sob suplementação com farelo de milho em pastagem de azevém anual Ingestive diurnal behavior of Jersey heifers supplemented with ground corn on ryegrass pasture

O objetivo neste trabalho foi observar o comportamento ingestivo diurno de novilhas Jersey em pastejo, submetidas a suplementação com farelo de milho. Foram utilizadas seis novilhas da raça Jersey, com 6 a 9 meses de idade e peso médio de 105,65 ± 18,2 kg, mantidas em uma pastagem de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), em pastejo contínuo, com lotação variável. Como suplemento, foi fornecido, diariamente às 14 h, farelo de milho na quantidade de 1% do peso vivo. Os animais foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em um delineamento completamente casualizado em parcelas subdivididas, composto de dois tratamentos (com e sem suplementação de farelo de milho), cada um com três animais, durante quatro períodos experimentais. A avaliação do comportamento ingestivo foi realizada visualmente, registrando-se os tempos gastos pastando, ruminando e descansando entre 7 h e 18h30. Os animais que não receberam suplemento apresentaram maior tempo de pastejo, porém menor tempo de descanso e menos períodos de pastejo e descanso que os animais sob suplementação. A suplementação influenciou o comportamento ingestivo diurno de novilhas Jersey.The trial was conducted to evaluate the effects supplementation with ground corn on grazing dairy heifers diurnal ingestive behavior. Six Jersey heifers, aged of 6 to 9 months and weighing 105.65 ± 18.2 kg, were used. Heifers were grouped into three animals "testers", and kept in an annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pasture, under continuous grazing, with variable stocking rate. Two treatments were used, one as control (no supplement) and another supplemented with ground corn being assigned three animals "testers" for each treatment. Daily, at 14 h, the ground corn was fed at 1% LW. Animals were randomly assigned to treatments according to a split splot completely randomized design during four experimental periods. Ingestive behavior was evaluated visually and recorded diurnal times spent grazing, ruminating and idling between 7 am and 6:30 pm. Non supplemented animals showed larger grazing time, but shorter idling time, besides fewer grazing and idling periods than supplemented animals. Supplementation affected the diurnal ingestive behavior of Jersey heifers

Comportamento ingestivo diurno de novilhas Jersey sob suplementação com farelo de milho em pastagem de azevém anual

O objetivo neste trabalho foi observar o comportamento ingestivo diurno de novilhas Jersey em pastejo, submetidas a suplementação com farelo de milho. Foram utilizadas seis novilhas da raça Jersey, com 6 a 9 meses de idade e peso médio de 105,65 ± 18,2 kg, mantidas em uma pastagem de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), em pastejo contínuo, com lotação variável. Como suplemento, foi fornecido, diariamente às 14 h, farelo de milho na quantidade de 1% do peso vivo. Os animais foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em um delineamento completamente casualizado em parcelas subdivididas, composto de dois tratamentos (com e sem suplementação de farelo de milho), cada um com três animais, durante quatro períodos experimentais. A avaliação do comportamento ingestivo foi realizada visualmente, registrando-se os tempos gastos pastando, ruminando e descansando entre 7 h e 18h30. Os animais que não receberam suplemento apresentaram maior tempo de pastejo, porém menor tempo de descanso e menos períodos de pastejo e descanso que os animais sob suplementação. A suplementação influenciou o comportamento ingestivo diurno de novilhas Jersey.The trial was conducted to evaluate the effects supplementation with ground corn on grazing dairy heifers diurnal ingestive behavior. Six Jersey heifers, aged of 6 to 9 months and weighing 105.65 ± 18.2 kg, were used. Heifers were grouped into three animals “testers”, and kept in an annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pasture, under continuous grazing, with variable stocking rate. Two treatments were used, one as control (no supplement) and another supplemented with ground corn being assigned three animals “testers” for each treatment. Daily, at 14 h, the ground corn was fed at 1% LW. Animals were randomly assigned to treatments according to a split splot completely randomized design during four experimental periods. Ingestive behavior was evaluated visually and recorded diurnal times spent grazing, ruminating and idling between 7 am and 6:30 pm. Non supplemented animals showed larger grazing time, but shorter idling time, besides fewer grazing and idling periods than supplemented animals. Supplementation affected the diurnal ingestive behavior of Jersey heifers

Occurrence of unstable non-acid milk in the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul

The unstable non-acid milk (UNAM) is characterized by loss of casein stability, which results in its precipitation at the alcohol test even though titratable acidity be lower than 18ºD. This trial aimed to estimate the occurrence of UNAM in the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, state and to verify seasonal variation and its effects on milk composition. From September 2002 to August 2003, approximately 200 dairy farms were monthly monitored. Milk samples from bulk tank were collected and analyzed for titratable acidity; precipitation at alcohol 76% test; percentages of fat, crude protein, lactose, total solids; and somatic cells count, totalizing 2,396 milk samples. UNAM occurrence was 55.2%, being highest in February and March 2002. UNAM occurrence was reduced as milk production of farms increased. Fat percentage did not vary between normal milk and UNAM. However, crude protein, lactose, total solids, and solids non-fat contents were lower in UNAM than in normal milk

Occurrence of unstable non-acid milk in the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul

The unstable non-acid milk (UNAM) is characterized by loss of casein stability, which results in its precipitation at the alcohol test even though titratable acidity be lower than 18ºD. This trial aimed to estimate the occurrence of UNAM in the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, state and to verify seasonal variation and its effects on milk composition. From September 2002 to August 2003, approximately 200 dairy farms were monthly monitored. Milk samples from bulk tank were collected and analyzed for titratable acidity; precipitation at alcohol 76% test; percentages of fat, crude protein, lactose, total solids; and somatic cells count, totalizing 2,396 milk samples. UNAM occurrence was 55.2%, being highest in February and March 2002. UNAM occurrence was reduced as milk production of farms increased. Fat percentage did not vary between normal milk and UNAM. However, crude protein, lactose, total solids, and solids non-fat contents were lower in UNAM than in normal milk

Comportamento ingestivo diurno de novilhas Jersey sob suplementação com farelo de milho em pastagem de azevém anual

O objetivo neste trabalho foi observar o comportamento ingestivo diurno de novilhas Jersey em pastejo, submetidas a suplementação com farelo de milho. Foram utilizadas seis novilhas da raça Jersey, com 6 a 9 meses de idade e peso médio de 105,65 ± 18,2 kg, mantidas em uma pastagem de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), em pastejo contínuo, com lotação variável. Como suplemento, foi fornecido, diariamente às 14 h, farelo de milho na quantidade de 1% do peso vivo. Os animais foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em um delineamento completamente casualizado em parcelas subdivididas, composto de dois tratamentos (com e sem suplementação de farelo de milho), cada um com três animais, durante quatro períodos experimentais. A avaliação do comportamento ingestivo foi realizada visualmente, registrando-se os tempos gastos pastando, ruminando e descansando entre 7 h e 18h30. Os animais que não receberam suplemento apresentaram maior tempo de pastejo, porém menor tempo de descanso e menos períodos de pastejo e descanso que os animais sob suplementação. A suplementação influenciou o comportamento ingestivo diurno de novilhas Jersey.The trial was conducted to evaluate the effects supplementation with ground corn on grazing dairy heifers diurnal ingestive behavior. Six Jersey heifers, aged of 6 to 9 months and weighing 105.65 ± 18.2 kg, were used. Heifers were grouped into three animals “testers”, and kept in an annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pasture, under continuous grazing, with variable stocking rate. Two treatments were used, one as control (no supplement) and another supplemented with ground corn being assigned three animals “testers” for each treatment. Daily, at 14 h, the ground corn was fed at 1% LW. Animals were randomly assigned to treatments according to a split splot completely randomized design during four experimental periods. Ingestive behavior was evaluated visually and recorded diurnal times spent grazing, ruminating and idling between 7 am and 6:30 pm. Non supplemented animals showed larger grazing time, but shorter idling time, besides fewer grazing and idling periods than supplemented animals. Supplementation affected the diurnal ingestive behavior of Jersey heifers