Students' perception of the application of nudges

In this research it was examined how students of two private institutions perceive the nudges. Although the nudge theory has gained considerable popularity in international research, as it is reflected on recent articles in international magazines, it does not count on the recognition or implementation in a local context. In that way, with the developed research, knowledge is generated with regard to the population object of study and it is an important test about the possible implementations of deliberative and non-deliberative nudges in public policies. The methodology used is a quantitative approach, descriptive method, snowball probabilistic sample technique and the test was carried out through chi square to determine gender perception. The results gotten showed that students are receptive to the use of nudge tool in their daily contexts. In conclusion, there is acceptance of the use of deliberative nudges and there is a little distrust of non-deliberative nudges, likewise, it is exposed that nowadays the nudge tool is discussed in top level international universities; nevertheless, in the Latin American context, its formulation is minimal

Association Between Preexisting Versus Newly Identified Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) may exist before or occur early in the course of pulmonary embolism (PE). We determined the PE outcomes based on the presence and timing of AF. Methods and Results Using the data from a multicenter PE registry, we identified 3 groups: (1) those with preexisting AF, (2) patients with new AF within 2 days from acute PE (incident AF), and (3) patients without AF. We assessed the 90-day and 1-year risk of mortality and stroke in patients with AF, compared with those without AF (reference group). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 792 had preexisting AF. These patients had increased odds of 90-day all-cause (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% CI, 2.33-3.38) and PE-related mortality (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.37-4.14) and increased 1-year hazard for ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 5.48; 95% CI, 3.10-9.69) compared with those without AF. After multivariable adjustment, preexisting AF was associated with significantly increased odds of all-cause mortality (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.57-2.32) but not PE-related mortality (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.85-2.66). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 445 developed new incident AF within 2 days of acute PE. Incident AF was associated with increased odds of 90-day all-cause (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.75-2.97) and PE-related (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.01-6.59) mortality but not stroke. Findings were similar in multivariable analyses. Conclusions In patients with acute symptomatic PE, both preexisting AF and incident AF predict adverse clinical outcomes. The type of adverse outcomes may differ depending on the timing of AF onset.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hedonismo y Normatividad: Discusión entre Freud y Marcuse

El presente escrito se propone resolver la pregunta ¿Es posible una vida placentera o hedonista coherente con la dinámica normativa que exige la vida social? Pues el placer y la normatividad se contradicen el uno con el otro, por medio del placer encontramos satisfacción y felicidad, por otra parte, la vida en sociedad o cultura, garantiza seguridad y convivencia, esta se da por medio del sacrificio de los individuos que invierten su energía en las relaciones de trabajo y restringen su libido. Para desarrollar la cuestión anterior, se analizó: primero el concepto de hedonismo de Epicuro y John Stuart Mill, segundo, la tesis de Sigmund Freud (1930), quien afirma que la vida placentera en una organización social es imposible; y tercero, la teoría de Herbert Marcuse (1953) sobre la posibilidad de una vida social menos represiva.

¿La administración es ciencia?

El presente artículo expone un análisis crítico a la afirmación de Mario Bunge acerca de que la disciplina administrativa no se le puede otorgar estatus de ciencia. Para ello, se presenta primero un análisis y discusión acerca de los conceptos de tecnología y ciencia, con el propósito de  dilucidar conceptualmente lo que se entiende por ciencia. Segundo, se da cuenta de lo que es el método científico y se presentan características de los problemas que se tratan en la epistemología. Por último, con base en las observaciones presentadas y clarificadas, se dan dos conclusiones generales: en primer lugar, la administración para lograr cientificidad pura debe tener como objetivo principal la indagación por la verdad misma, pues al seguir con el propósito de control, seguirá en la investigación tecnológica que es pragmática y operacionalista. En segundo lugar, la administración se podría estimar como ciencia cuando cumple con tres requisitos: a) una relación sujeto-objeto, b) método científico y c) organización

Patient-Level, Institutional, and Temporal Variations in Use of Imaging Modalities to Confirm Pulmonary Embolism

International audienceBackground: The choice of the imaging modality for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) could be influenced by provider, patient or hospital characteristics, or over time. However, little is known about the choice of the diagnostic modalities in practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the variations in the use of imaging modalities for patients with acute PE. Methods: Using the data from Registro Informatizado Enfermedad TromboEmbolica (RIETE), a prospective international registry of patients with venous thromboembolism (March 2001–January 2019), we explored the imaging modalities used in patients with acute PE. The imaging modalities included computed tomography pulmonary angiography, ventilation/perfusion scanning, pulmonary angiography, a combination of these tests, or PE signs and symptoms plus imaging-confirmed proximal deep vein thrombosis but no chest imaging. Results: Among 38 025 patients with confirmed PE (53.1% female, age: 67.3±17 years), computed tomography pulmonary angiography was the dominant modality of diagnosis in all RIETE enrollees (78.2% [99% CI, 77.6–78.7]); including pregnant patients (58.9% [99% CI, 47.7%–69.4%]) and patients with severe renal insufficiency (62.5% [99% CI, 59.9–65.0]). A greater proportion of patients underwent ventilation/perfusion scanning in larger hospitals compared with smaller hospitals (13.1% versus 7.3%, P <0.001). The use of computed tomography pulmonary angiography varied between 13.3% and 98.3% across the countries, and its use increased over time (46.5% in 2002 to 91.7% in 2018, P <0.001). Conclusions: In a large multinational PE registry, variations were observed in the use of imaging modalities according to patient or institutional factors and over time. However, computed tomography pulmonary angiography was the dominant modality of diagnosis, even in pregnancy and severe renal insufficiency. The safety, costs, and downstream effects of these tests on PE-related and non-PE-related outcomes warrant further investigation

Comparative clinical prognosis of massive and non‐massive pulmonary embolism: A registry‐based cohort study

International audienc