Consumo alimentar, de acordo com o grau de processamento (NOVA), de mulheres com câncer de mama e fatores associados ao hábito de fumar

Objetivo: Caracterizar o consumo alimentar, segundo grau de processamento, de mulheres com câncer de mama com verificação de possíveis fatores associados ao hábito de fumar. Método: Estudo transversal aninhado a uma coorte de mulheres recém-diagnosticadas com a doença, em um hospital público. Os dados foram coletados entre 2014 e 2017. Foi realizada a caracterização sociodemográfica, bem foram levantadas variáveis sobre estilo de vida (presença ou ausência de tabagismo e etilismo). Para caracterização do consumo alimentar foram aplicados três recordatório de 24 horas e a quantidade e qualidade da alimentação foram calculadas pelo programa Nutrition Data System for Research. Após obtenção dos dados de consumo, os alimentos foram classificados segundo a NOVA. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 114 mulheres, com idade média de 51,25±11,52 anos, 7,99±4,26 anos de estudo e 0,80±0,72 salários-mínimos per capita, maioria de raça parda/preta (56,14%; n=64); com companheiros (57,89%; n=66); sem casos de câncer de mama na família (80,70%, n = 92). Quase 40,00% eram tabagistas e ex (9,65% e 29,82%) e majoritariamente não consumiam bebidas alcoólicas (96,46%). Em relação ao consumo de alimentos, aqueles in natura/minimamente processados representaram 61,87(±13,91)% das calorias ingeridas, 11,54(±8,16)% de ingredientes culinários, 12.19(±10.07)% de alimentos processados e 14,21(±11,80)% de ultraprocessados. Dentre o grupo in natura/minimamente processados, carne bovina (11.54±10.76%), arroz (9.86±8.10%) e frutas (9.37±9.57%) foram os que mais contribuíram energeticamente. Em relação aos ultraprocessados, refrigerantes e sucos industrializados (4.22±5.03%) e bolachas salgadas e salgadinhos (2.20±4.17%) foram os de maior contribuição energética. Conclusão: Mulheres com câncer de mama apresentaram ingestão energética menor que o padrão brasileiro, e aquelas que fumavam apresentaram 2,20 vezes mais chances de terem um consumo elevado de alimentos ultraprocessados. O consumo de ultraprocessados deve ser evitado, uma vez que estes relacionam a maior mortalidade pela doença

Breast cancer and association with body composition, physical activity, insulin resistance and lipid profile: case-control study

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2016-08-17T14:43:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jordana Carolina Marques Godinho Mota - 2016.pdf: 2179770 bytes, checksum: ddd02849e0b098a68f95355680a5c702 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2016-08-17T14:45:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jordana Carolina Marques Godinho Mota - 2016.pdf: 2179770 bytes, checksum: ddd02849e0b098a68f95355680a5c702 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T14:45:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jordana Carolina Marques Godinho Mota - 2016.pdf: 2179770 bytes, checksum: ddd02849e0b098a68f95355680a5c702 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEGBreast cancer is the most common nonmelanoma cancer and the leading cause of death among Brazilian women, with multi-causal etiology. Due to its increasing incidence and complexity of the risk factors it aimed at comparing women with and without breast cancer physical activity, body composition, glycemic and lipid profiles in goianas women. This is a case-control study with 90 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer and 164 controls carried out from August / 2014 to January / 2016. Data were collected using a pre-tested and standardized questionnaire, body composition assessed by radiographic absorptiometry method dual beam (DXA) and blood samples were collected to characterize glycemic and lipid profiles. Database was structured in double entry in Epi-InfoTM 2014 and statistical analysis were performed using Stata for Windows (version 12.0). Comparisons of differences in means between groups were analyzed using Mann Whitney U-test for categorical variables we used the chi-square Pearson, later the odds ratio was estimated using logistic regression. The results were divided according to menopausal status. In analyzes by menopausal status it was found that premenopausal women have higher lean body mass percentage and those who were physically active was inversely associated with breast cancer diagnosis. On the other hand, having a high percentage of total body fat and android, assessed by DXA, increased the odds 2.17 (CI 95% = 1.04 - 4.52) and 2.27 (CI 95% = 1.09 4.74) times, respectively. In postmenopausal physically active women reduced the chances in half of having breast cancer (0R = 0.51; CI 95% = 0.29 - 0.92). Among the glycemic profile, lipid and body fat markers were directly linked to breast cancer fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI). Only HDL cholesterol was inversely associated with breast cancer in the total sample. Physically inactive women with higher conicity index have a greater chance of developing breast cancer. In addition, insulin resistance values above the 50th percentile for the VAI and HDL cholesterol below 50 mg / dL were also associated with breast cancer outcome.O câncer de mama é a neoplasia não melanoma mais comum e a principal causa de morte entre mulheres brasileiras, com etiologia multi-causal. Diante da sua crescente incidência e da complexidade dos seus fatores de risco objetivou-se comparar entre mulheres com e sem câncer de mama a prática de atividade física, composição corporal, perfis glicêmico e lipídico de mulheres goianas. Trata-se de um estudo caso-controle com 90 mulheres recém-diagnosticadas com câncer de mama e 164 controles, realizado entre agosto/2014 a janeiro/2016. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se um questionário pré-testado e padronizado, a composição corporal avaliada por meio do método absorciometria radiológica de feixe duplo (DXA) e amostras de sangue foram coletadas para caracterizar os perfis glicêmico e lipídico. Banco de dados estruturado em dupla entrada no Epi-InfoTM 2014 e as analises estatísticas realizadas no software Stata for Windows (versão 12.0). As comparações das diferenças das médias entre os grupos foram analisadas pelo teste U- Mann Whitney, para as variáveis categóricas utilizou-se o qui-quadrado de Pearson, posteriormente, estimou-se o Odds Ratio através da regressão logística. Os resultados foram divididos conforme estado menopausal. Nas analises por estado menopausal obteve-se que na pré-menopausa possuir maior percentual de massa corporal magra e ser fisicamente ativa foi inversamente associado ao diagnostico de câncer de mama. Por outro lado, possuir um elevado percentual de gordura corporal total e androide, avaliado pelo DXA, aumentou as chances em 2,17 (IC95%= 1,04-4,52) e 2,27 (IC95%= 1,09-4,74) vezes, respectivamente. Na pós-menopausa mulheres fisicamente ativas reduziram pela metade as chances de apresentarem câncer de mama (0R= 0,51; IC95%= 0,29-0,92). Entre o perfil glicêmico, lipídico e os marcadores de gordura corporal foram diretamente associados ao câncer de mama a glicemia de jejum, insulina, Homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) e Índice de Adiposidade Visceral (VAI). Apenas o HDL-colesterol foi inversamente associado ao câncer de mama, na amostra total. Mulheres fisicamente inativas, com um maior índice de conicidade apresentam maior chance de desenvolver câncer de mama. Além disso, resistência à insulina, valores superiores ao percentil 50 para o VAI e HDL-colesterol abaixo de 50 mg/dL também foram associados ao desfecho câncer de mama

High prevalence of abdominal obesity, inadequate food consumption, and low level of physical activity regardless of body mass index across women

Summary: Background: Obesity is a public health concern presenting worldwide relevance. The location of body fat deposition is associated with an increased risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) with an emphasis on abdominal obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the association between food consumption, physical activity, and abdominal obesity in women from a region in Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 150 women. Anthropometric variables were evaluated. Food consumption was investigated through three 24-hour food records and the frequency of food consumption was assessed by the Food Consumption Marker Form of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN). Physical activity (PA) was accessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Data from the food recalls were submitted to Avanutri® software, and the energy variation was corrected by the residual method. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Student's t-test, and Mann-Whitney/Wilcoxon Two-Sample tests were performed. Prevalence ratios (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: The prevalence of general obesity, abdominal obesity, and less physically active were 33.33%, 82.00%, and 50.67% respectively. Regarding the group, less than 25% consumed cooked vegetables every day, and around 20% consumed snacks, sweets, and soft drinks three times or more per week. Vitamins A, C, E, fiber, zinc, and calcium were below the recommendation regarding abdominal obesity or not. Statistically, the abdominal obese group was associated with higher iron intake (PR=0.27; 95%CI=0.08–0.91; P<0.05) and cooked vegetables (PR=0.20; 95% CI=0.05–0.89; P=0.01) compared to the non-abdominal obese group, however, it remains below the recommendations for both groups. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of abdominal obesity in the sample studied. Low consumption of markers of healthy food intake per week, an insufficient micronutrient intake, and a lower level of physical activity were present regardless the abdominal obesity

Impact of Chemotherapy Regimens on Body Composition of Breast Cancer Women: A Multicenter Study across Four Brazilian Regions

This study aimed to investigate the effect of chemotherapy (CT) and its different types of regimens on the anthropometry and body composition of women with breast cancer. Three-hundred-and-four women with breast cancer were enrolled in this multicenter study. The participants were evaluated before the infusion of the first cycle of CT (pre-CT), and until two weeks after CT completion (post-CT), regarding body weight, body mass index (BMI); waist circumference (WC); waist-to-height ratio (WHtR); conicity index (C-index); fat mass index (FMI); and fat-free mass index (FFMI). CT regimens were classified as anthracycline-based (AC—doxorubicin or epirubicin); anthracyclines and taxane (ACT); cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil (CMF); or isolated taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel). Women significantly increased BMI and FMI post-CT (p p = 0.007, respectively). The ACT regimen increased FMI (p p = 0.007). It is concluded that the CT negatively impacted body composition and the type of regime had a strong influence. The ACT regimen promoted an increase in FMI compared to other regimens, and the AC increased FFMI. These findings reinforce the importance of nutritional monitoring of breast cancer patients throughout the entire CT treatment