506 research outputs found
An Adaptive Threshold for the Canny Edge Detection with Actor-Critic Algorithm
Visual surveillance aims to perform robust foreground object detection
regardless of the time and place. Object detection shows good results using
only spatial information, but foreground object detection in visual
surveillance requires proper temporal and spatial information processing. In
deep learning-based foreground object detection algorithms, the detection
ability is superior to classical background subtraction (BGS) algorithms in an
environment similar to training. However, the performance is lower than that of
the classical BGS algorithm in the environment different from training. This
paper proposes a spatio-temporal fusion network (STFN) that could extract
temporal and spatial information using a temporal network and a spatial
network. We suggest a method using a semi-foreground map for stable training of
the proposed STFN. The proposed algorithm shows excellent performance in an
environment different from training, and we show it through experiments with
various public datasets. Also, STFN can generate a compliant background image
in a semi-supervised method, and it can operate in real-time on a desktop with
GPU. The proposed method shows 11.28% and 18.33% higher FM than the latest deep
learning method in the LASIESTA and SBI dataset, respectively
Angiomyofibroblastoma-Like Tumor of the Scrotum
Various tumors can occur in the scrotum. Of them, angiomyofibroblastoma-like tumors are very rare mesenchymal tumors. Angiomyofibroblastoma-like tumors cannot be easily differentially diagnosed from other malignant tumors invading the male genital tract on the basis of clinical characteristics and imaging study. Therefore, surgical removal and a histopathologic diagnosis must also be performed
Optical Shaping of Plasma Cavity for Controlled Laser Wakefield Acceleration
Laser wakefield accelerators rely on relativistically moving micron-sized
plasma cavities that provide extremely high electric field >100GV/m. Here, we
demonstrate transverse shaping of the plasma cavity to produce controlled
sub-GeV electron beams, adopting laser pulses with an axially rotatable
ellipse-shaped focal spot. We showed the control capability on electron
self-injection, charge, and transverse profile of the electron beam by rotating
the focal spot. We observed that the effect of the elliptical focal spot was
imprinted in the profiles of the electron beams and the electron energy
increased, as compared to the case of a circular focal spot. We performed 3D
particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations which reproduced the experimental results
and revealed dynamics of a new asymmetric self-injection process. This simple
scheme offers a novel control method on laser wakefield acceleration to produce
tailored electron beams and x-rays for various applications.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Biochemical Markers as Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Severe Trauma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Background Initial evaluation of injury severity in trauma patients is an important and challenging task. We aimed to assess whether easily measurable biochemical parameters (hemoglobin, pH, and prothrombin time/international normalized ratio [PT/INR]) can predict in-hospital mortality in patients with severe trauma. Methods This retrospective study involved review of the medical records of 315 patients with severe trauma and an injury severity score >15 who were managed at Gyeongsang National University Hospital between January 2005 and December 2015. We extracted the following data: in-hospital mortality, injury severity score, and initial hemoglobin level, pH, and PT/INR. The predictive values of these variables were compared using receiver operation characteristic curves. Results Of the 315 patients, 72 (22.9%) died. The in-hospital mortality rates of patients with hemoglobin levels <8.4 g/dl and ≥8.4 g/dl were 49.8% and 9.9%, respectively (P < 0.001). At a cutoff hemoglobin level of 8.4 g/dl, the sensitivity and specificity values for mortality were 81.9% and 86.4%, respectively. At a pH cutoff of 7.25, the sensitivity and specificity values for mortality were 66.7% and 77.8%, respectively; 66.7% of patients with a pH <7.25 died versus 22.2% with a pH ≥7.25 (P < 0.001). The in-hospital mortality rates for patients with PT/INR values ≥1.4 and <1.4 were 37.5% and 16%, respectively (P < 0.001; sensitivity, 37.5%; specificity, 84%). Conclusions Using the suggested cutoff values, hemoglobin level, pH, and PT/INR can simply and easily be used to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with severe trauma
Electron energy increase in a laser wakefield accelerator using up-ramp plasma density profiles
The phase velocity of the wakefield of a laser wakefield accelerator can, theoretically, be manipulated by shaping the longitudinal plasma density profile, thus controlling the parameters of the generated electron beam. We present an experimental method where using a series of shaped longitudinal plasma density profiles we increased the mean electron peak energy more than 50%, from 175 +/- 1 MeV to 262 +/- 10 MeV and the maximum peak energy from 182 MeV to 363 MeV. The divergence follows closely the change of mean energy and decreases from 58.9 +/- 0.45 mrad to 12.6 +/- 1.2 mrad along the horizontal axis and from 35 +/- 0.3 mrad to 8.3 +/- 0.69 mrad along the vertical axis. Particle-in-cell simulations show that a ramp in a plasma density profile can affect the evolution of the wakefield, thus qualitatively confirming the experimental results. The presented method can increase the electron energy for a fixed laser power and at the same time offer an energy tunable source of electrons.© The Author(s) 201
2023 Korean Endocrine Society Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common, yet underdiagnosed cause of secondary hypertension. It is characterized by an overproduction of aldosterone, leading to hypertension and/or hypokalemia. Despite affecting between 5.9% and 34% of patients with hypertension, PA is frequently missed due to a lack of clinical awareness and systematic screening, which can result in significant cardiovascular complications. To address this, medical societies have developed clinical practice guidelines to improve the management of hypertension and PA. The Korean Endocrine Society, drawing on a wealth of research, has formulated new guidelines for PA. A task force has been established to prepare PA guidelines, which encompass epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care. The Korean clinical guidelines for PA aim to deliver an evidence-based protocol for PA diagnosis, treatment, and patient monitoring. These guidelines are anticipated to ease the burden of this potentially curable condition
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