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Names for hydrogen atoms, ions, and groups, and for reactions involving them (recommendations 1988)
Nomenclature for organic chemical transformations (recommendations 1988)
These rules provide a general system of nomenclature for transformations whereby one organic compound is converted into another. A transformation is distinct from a reaction in that it describes only those changes that are involved in converting the structure of a substrate into that of a product, regardless of the reagent or the precise nature of the substrate, or (with some exceptions) the mechanism. Thus all processes in which X-H is converted into X-NOâ are examples of the single transformation called ânitrationâ, whatever the nature of X, and irrespective of whether the reaction entails the replacement of Hâș by N0ââș, of Hâ by NOââ, or of Hâ» by N0ââ». The basis of the names of all transformations is that they provide a description of the conversion of substrate into product by giving a string or strings of the names of groups or entities that become attached to and/or detached from the substrate, followed by a suffix that describes the nature of the transformation. Straightforward examples are self-explanatory; for example: âhydro,chloro-additionâ; âdibromo-eliminationâ; âhydroxy-de-iodo-substitutionâ. For many transformations, particularly substitutions, simplified names are recommended for use in speech or writing (by contrast to the more detailed indexing names). Thus âhydroxy-de- iodinationâ may be used instead of âhydroxy-de-iodo-substitutionâ, or ânitrationâ instead of ânitro-de-hydro-substitutionâ. A list of non-systematic names is given for transformations that are too complex to be named by the present systematic rules