Oxidation of an o -tolyl phosphine complex of platinum : C-H activation and transcyclometallation

The oxidation of the tri(o-tolyl)phospine complex of the doubly cyloplatinated 2,6-di(4-fluorophenyl)pyridine ligand with the electrophilic oxidant iodobenzenedichloride was studied. Three products were formed in the ratio 15:15:70, and all were identified. The simple cis-dichloro platinum(IV) complex 2 (15%) remained in solution and could be purified and fully characterised. The triply cyclometallated 3 (15%), formed via the activation of a methyl group on a tolyl ring, precipitated from the reaction mixture and could not be redissolved or characterised further. Transcyclometallated 4 (70%), where one of the original cyclometallated aryl rings has exchanged for a cyclometallated phosphine ring, crystallised from the reaction mixture and was characterised crystallographically. Redissolution of 4 gave a new agostic species with the phosphine moving to a less sterically demanding position

An exploration of governance and accountability issues within mutual organisations: The case of UK Building Societies

This study examines the governance and accountability practices and reforms in UK building societies following the 2008 financial crisis. Theoretically, this study explores the notion of mutual accountability and governance systems in delineating the (re)structuring of UK building societies’ governance and accountability practices, in response to the crisis. Data for the study are derived from thirty-eight in-depth interviews with key stakeholders in building societies, including executives, non-executives, ex-directors, an auditor, a regulator and customers, as well as publicly available documents and non-participant observation of a number of members’ meetings. The findings of the study demonstrate that the industry’s internal, intermediate and external governance structures have significantly altered in the post-crisis era with a positive impact on the mutual accountability. Coercive pressure from regulators has led to improvements on building societies’ internal governance structures, including but not limited to board composition, internal control and risk management frameworks. Intermediate governance structure, unique to mutual organisations, is embedded within UK building societies as the fundamental mechanism in achieving democracy and mutual accountability. However, the political and economic uncertainty and regulatory reforms in the financial services sector have continued to pose challenges in the governance and long-term performance of regional building societies. Intensifying regulations have increased the costs and workload for building societies and led many of these societies to emphasize the “form” rather than true “substance” of good governance practices. There is the need for regulators and policy makers to realise the difference among building societies and to develop appropriate codes of governance and regulations which are not one-size-fits-all

Additional file 5: Table S3. of Mining kidney toxicogenomic data by using gene co-expression modules

List of chemical exposures associated with 137 co-expression modules. (XLSX 80 kb

Additional file 13: Table S10. of Mining kidney toxicogenomic data by using gene co-expression modules

List of highest ranking nodes when prioritized according to degree and betweenness centrality. (DOCX 17 kb

Additional file 4: Table S2. of Mining kidney toxicogenomic data by using gene co-expression modules

List of genes associated with 137 co-expression modules. (XLSX 1398 kb

Additional file 14: Figure S2. of Mining kidney toxicogenomic data by using gene co-expression modules

List of highly connected regions in AKI-relevant sub-network (AKI-SN). (DOCX 228 kb

Additional file 8: Table S6. of Mining kidney toxicogenomic data by using gene co-expression modules

List of the 30 genes present in the AKI gene signature. (DOCX 15 kb

Additional file 16: Table S12. of Mining kidney toxicogenomic data by using gene co-expression modules

Complete list of publications supporting gene-to-function relationship in the 158 AKI-relevant sub-network genes (AKI-SN). (XLSX 17 kb

Additional file 9: Table S7. of Mining kidney toxicogenomic data by using gene co-expression modules

Performance of 30-gene signature with external datasets. (DOCX 15 kb

Additional file 6: Table S4. of Mining kidney toxicogenomic data by using gene co-expression modules

List of the AKI-relevant genes. (XLSX 74 kb