Prácticas sociales genocidas: El caso de los moriscos y el caso de los palestinos

En este artículo se analiza el caso de los moriscos en España y el caso de los palestinos en Israel desde la perspectiva de las “prácticas sociales genocidas”, que nos ofrece un marco de análisis habitualmente utilizado en el estudio del holocausto. La importancia de este análisis se centra en el proceso, que transcurre por unas fases que le dan una planificación, sistematización e intencionalidad, que se suponen terminan con éxito la tarea: la exterminación de una parte importante de la población.In this paper the case of the Moorish in Spain and the case of the Palestinians in Israel are analysed from the perspective of “genocide social practices”, which offers an analysis often used in the study of Holocaust. The importance of this analysis rely on the process, which is well organised, planned, and systematically and intentionally executed, in such a way to guaranty the success of the target: the extermination of a relevant part of the population

Measure Projection Analysis results.

<p>Brain domains revealed by ongoing task events and time-check events (columns), for the two activity measures used in the analysis (rows), ERP and ERSP. Brodmann Areas (BA) are indicated for each result, for details of probability and less probable areas see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0184037#pone.0184037.t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a>. The coloured brain regions represent locations with significant convergence (p<0.01) grouped using a maximum correlation value of 0.8. Note that BA 24 (red domain), here referred to as the MPA-ACC brain domain, is common to all four MPA results.</p

Summary of specific PM interference task effects across three different PM tasks conditions: Perceptual event-based PM task, conceptual event-based PM task and time-based PM task.

<p>Summary of specific PM interference task effects across three different PM tasks conditions: Perceptual event-based PM task, conceptual event-based PM task and time-based PM task.</p

Experimental paradigm and example of performance from two participants.

<p>(A) Participants performed the control block, consisting of a continuous 1-back categorisation task (left), followed by the performance of the PM block (ongoing task plus the time-based PM, right). Red arrows indicate clock-resets and blue arrows show clock-checks. A clock-reset-trial is highlighted in grey. (B) Example of a high-performance participant. Blue bars represent clock-checks and red bars represent clock-resets, the frequency of clock-checks increases towards the 4-minute target time (right-hand graph). (C) Example of a low-performance participant. Clock-checks were mainly performed at the beginning of the clock-reset-trial (right-hand graph). Note that the length of clock-reset trials was not fixed but depended on each participant’s performance.</p

Pipeline for pre-processing and data analysis.

<p>Single subject dataset processing was performed on the continuous data (left of the diagram). Two segmented datasets were created from each continuous dataset: blue pipeline aimed at examining brain sources and event related changes locked to the ongoing task stimulus; pink pipeline aimed at examining clock-checks events. The right of the diagram shows group level processing. Measure Projection Analysis was used to find relevant brain areas and ICs statistically similar across all participants during performance of the ongoing task and the time-based PM task. Four different clustering results were obtained. Event-related analysis was performed on the brain activity associated to the brain domain. ERP: Event-Related Potentials, ERSP: Event-Related Spectral Perturbations.</p

Power trial-to-trial image for clock-check events.

<p>Trial-by-trial time courses of alpha power. The power of the signal was calculated based on the peak frequency (indicated at the top of each plot) within the frequency band window 9–15 Hz. Time 0 corresponds to button press to check the clock. Trials are sorted by time along the y-axis (black diagonal line, time is scaled to the figure): low numbers in the y-axis corresponds to trials that occurred early within the clock-reset-trial, whereas trials towards the top of the y-axis occurred closer to the 4-minute target time. The left-hand panel shows all participants. Middle and right-hand panels show high- and low-performance group respectively. Time course of the frequency power is shown at the bottom of each panel, when it falls outside the confidence intervals (blue shading), the decrease in alpha power is statistically significant. Trials are smoothed with a 10-trial moving-average. Note that the number of trials in the y-axis is different for each panel.</p

ERP and ERSP locked to ongoing task events, BA 24.

<p>(A) The left-hand panel shows the Task Condition effect for ERPs (Event types pooled together). The right-hand panel shows the Ongoing Trials effect (Task Condition pooled together). F-values are shown at the bottom of each panel, the red number indicates the threshold F-value after FDR correction at alpha level of 0.05. (B) Task Condition and Ongoing Trials effects are shown in the top and bottom rows respectively. The box outlines indicate alpha (9–15 Hz) and theta frequencies (5–8 Hz). The most right column shows F-values for the significant difference after FDR correction at alpha level of 0.05. Threshold F-Value for each ANOVA result is indicated in the colour bar to the right of the panel. FDR: False Discovery Rate correction.</p

Clock-reset accuracy per group.

<p>Clock-reset accuracy per group.</p