Sondage auprès des étudiants en médecine de l’Université de Montréal sur l’intégration d’une formation en santé numérique et intelligence artificielle dans le cursus médical

Les nouvelles technologies numériques et l’intelligence artificielle (IA) sont vouées à prendre de plus en plus de place dans la pratique médicale. Néanmoins, l’intégration de l'IA dans le cursus médical est inexistante. La littérature est limitée quant à la réceptivité des étudiants en médecine envers une telle formation. Objectif: analyser les connaissances et la réceptivité des étudiants en médecine de l'Université de Montréal envers la formation en santé numérique

The place of women in Canadian surgical subspecialities : how gender influences research productivity in academic ophthalmology, otolaryngology, plastic surgery, and urology

Introduction: The road to advancing gender equity in academic surgery takes longer than in other medical specialties. Disparities in high academic ranks and leadership positions persist. Methods: Ophthalmology, otolaryngology, plastic surgery, and urology residency programs were identified from the Canadian Resident Matching Service website. Academic rank was identified for all clinician faculty members using the university websites of residency programs. Gender was verified using provincial College of Physicians and Surgeons databases. h index, number of publications, number of citations, and number of years active were collected using Scopus. Demographic data were reported using descriptive and basic statistics. The effect of gender based on these criteria was assessed using a two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test. Results: Among 690 ophthalmologists, 73% (n=505) were men and 27% (n=185) were women. The median and interquartile range (IQR) for h index in men and women were 6.0 [3-11] and 5.0 [3-9], respectively. Men had significantly more publications (p=.009), citations (p=.022), and active years (p<.001). There was no significant difference in h-index between men and women (p=.058). Among 386 otolaryngologists, 80% (n=307) were men and 20% (n=79) were women. The median and IQR for h index in men and women were 7.5 [3-16] and 6.0 [2-9], respectively. Men had significantly more publications (p=.012), citations (p=.029), active years (p< 0.001), and higher h index (p=.007). Among 301 plastic surgeons, 72% (n=216) were men and 28% (n=85) were women. The median and IQR for h-index in men and women were 5.0 [2-11] and 5.0 [3-10], respectively. There was no significant difference between men and women for h-indices (p=.549), number of publications (p=.507), citations (p=.107), unlike for the number of active years (p<.001). Among 260 urologists, 88% (n=230) were men and 12% (n=30) were women. The median and IQR for h index in men and women were 12.0 [5-26] and 8.0 [4-15], respectively. Men had significantly more publications (p=.026) and citations (p=.004). H-indices (p=.098) and the number of active years (p=.148) were not statistically different between both genders. Among all assessed surgical subspecialties, men occupied 85% of full professorship (254 men, 43 women) and 76% of overall faculty positions (1205 men, 371 women). Conclusion: Gender disparities in academic representation were observed in all surgical subspecialties. Plastic surgery demonstrated the least discrepancy in research productivity metrics by gender, followed by urology, ophthalmology, and otolaryngology

Table S1 - Supplemental material for Comparison of Basal Cell Carcinoma Posts, Comments and Authors Between Reddit and Quora Forums

Supplemental material, Table S1, for Comparison of Basal Cell Carcinoma Posts, Comments and Authors Between Reddit and Quora Forums by Maxine Joly-Chevrier, Safin Aly and Philippe Lefrançois in Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery</p

Figure S1 - Supplemental material for Comparison of Basal Cell Carcinoma Posts, Comments and Authors Between Reddit and Quora Forums

Supplemental material, Figure S1, for Comparison of Basal Cell Carcinoma Posts, Comments and Authors Between Reddit and Quora Forums by Maxine Joly-Chevrier, Safin Aly and Philippe Lefrançois in Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery</p

Overcoming Treatment Challenges in Posterior Segment Diseases with Biodegradable Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems

Posterior segment eye diseases present a challenge in treatment due to the complex structures in the eye that serve as robust static and dynamic barriers, limiting the penetration, residence time, and bioavailability of topical and intraocular medications. This hinders effective treatment and requires frequent dosing, such as the regular use of eye drops or visits to the ophthalmologist for intravitreal injections, to manage the disease. Moreover, the drugs must be biodegradable to minimize toxicity and adverse reactions, as well as small enough to not affect the visual axis. The development of biodegradable nano-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) can be the solution to these challenges. First, they can stay in ocular tissues for longer periods of time, reducing the frequency of drug administration. Second, they can pass through ocular barriers, offering higher bioavailability to targeted tissues that are otherwise inaccessible. Third, they can be made up of polymers that are biodegradable and nanosized. Hence, therapeutic innovations in biodegradable nanosized DDS have been widely explored for ophthalmic drug delivery applications. In this review, we will present a concise overview of DDSs utilized in the treatment of ocular diseases. We will then examine the current therapeutic challenges faced in the management of posterior segment diseases and explore how various types of biodegradable nanocarriers can enhance our therapeutic arsenal. A literature review of the pre-clinical and clinical studies published between 2017 and 2023 was conducted. Through the advances in biodegradable materials, combined with a better understanding of ocular pharmacology, the nano-based DDSs have rapidly evolved, showing great promise to overcome challenges currently encountered by clinicians

sj-tif-2-cms-10.1177_12034754241229361 – Supplemental material for The State of Artificial Intelligence in Skin Cancer Publications

Supplemental material, sj-tif-2-cms-10.1177_12034754241229361 for The State of Artificial Intelligence in Skin Cancer Publications by Maxine Joly-Chevrier, Anne Xuan-Lan Nguyen, Laurence Liang, Michael Lesko-Krleza and Philippe Lefrançois in Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery</p

sj-tif-3-cms-10.1177_12034754241229361 – Supplemental material for The State of Artificial Intelligence in Skin Cancer Publications

Supplemental material, sj-tif-3-cms-10.1177_12034754241229361 for The State of Artificial Intelligence in Skin Cancer Publications by Maxine Joly-Chevrier, Anne Xuan-Lan Nguyen, Laurence Liang, Michael Lesko-Krleza and Philippe Lefrançois in Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery</p

sj-docx-1-cms-10.1177_12034754241229361 – Supplemental material for The State of Artificial Intelligence in Skin Cancer Publications

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-cms-10.1177_12034754241229361 for The State of Artificial Intelligence in Skin Cancer Publications by Maxine Joly-Chevrier, Anne Xuan-Lan Nguyen, Laurence Liang, Michael Lesko-Krleza and Philippe Lefrançois in Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery</p

Morphea, Eosinophilic Fasciitis and Cancer: A Scoping Review

Morphea is an autoimmune fibrotic skin disease. Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is considered to belong to the severe spectrum of morphea. We conducted a scoping review assessing the risk of secondary cancer among morphea/EF patients, paraneoplastic morphea/EF and morphea/EF developing secondary to cancer therapy. The search was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane databases for articles published from inception to September 2022 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines with no language or date restrictions. Two hundred and one studies were included. Of these, 32 studies reported on secondary cancer in morphea/EF patients, 45 on paraneoplastic morphea/EF and 125 on cancer-treatment-induced morphea/EF. While the current evidence remains limited, data suggest an increased risk of secondary cutaneous and possibly pancreatic malignancy in morphea patients, particularly the generalized subtype. There were insufficient data for EF. On the other hand, paraneoplastic morphea was anecdotal, whereas several observational studies suggested that ~10% of EF cases may be paraneoplastic, primarily in the context of hematologic malignancies. Radiotherapy-induced morphea is rare, seen in ~0.2% of treated patients and is usually localized to the treatment site, except in patients with pre-existing autoimmunity. While chemotherapy-induced cases are reported, immunotherapy morphea/EF cases are emerging and are preferentially seen with PD-1 and not CTLA-4 inhibitors. This study is limited by the type of articles included (case reports, case series and observational studies), and hence, additional research on this important topic is needed