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Understanding the intensity of UK policy commitments to nuclear power: the role of perceived imperatives to maintain military nuclear submarine capabilities
The UK Government has long been planning to build up to 16 GWe of new nuclear power â a proportional level of
support unparalleled in other liberalised energy markets. Despite many challenging developments, these general
nuclear attachments show no sign of easing. With many viable alternative strategies for efficient, secure, low-carbon energy services, it is difficult to explain these commitments solely in terms of officially-declared policy rationales. A variety of possible reasons are suggested for the persistent intensity of UK attachments to civil nuclear power. Each is taken here as a basis for systematic hypothesis testing. And one additional hypothesis is also interrogated that has hitherto been virtually entirely neglected â about maintaining national capabilities to build and operate nuclear propelled submarines. To explore and test this idea, this paper analyses linkages between UK military and civilian nuclear sectors in terms of high-level policy processes around supply chains, skills and expertise. Especially interesting is the critical juncture between 2003-2006, when stated policy moved radically from nuclear power as âunattractiveâ to calls for a ânuclear renaissanceâ. In this period, especially intense activity can be observed around UK nuclear submarine capabilities. Among many factors, we conclude it is difficult fully to comprehend the persistent intensity of official UK attachments to nuclear power, without also considering aims to maintain nuclear submarine capabilities. Yet this aspect is entirely undocumented anywhere in UK energy policy literatures. To acknowledge this, is not to entertain a conspiracy theory. It can be understood instead, in terms of more distributed and relational dynamics of power. Building on literatures in political science, we refer to this as a âdeep incumbency complexâ. Such an evidently under-visible phenomenon would hold important mplications not only for UK nuclear strategies, but also the wider state of British democracy
Telemedicine medical abortion at home under 12 weeksâ gestation:a prospective observational cohort study during the COVID-19 pandemic
Improving proactive and preventative community-based dementia care from within the acute trust
Co-creating a Transdisciplinary Map of Technology-mediated Harms, Risks and Vulnerabilities: Challenges, Ambivalences and Opportunities
The phrase "online harms" has emerged in recent years out of a growing
political willingness to address the ethical and social issues associated with
the use of the Internet and digital technology at large. The broad landscape
that surrounds online harms gathers a multitude of disciplinary, sectoral and
organizational efforts while raising myriad challenges and opportunities for
the crossing entrenched boundaries. In this paper we draw lessons from a
journey of co-creating a transdisciplinary knowledge infrastructure within a
large research initiative animated by the online harms agenda. We begin with a
reflection of the implications of mapping, taxonomizing and constructing
knowledge infrastructures and a brief review of how online harm and adjacent
themes have been theorized and classified in the literature to date. Grounded
on our own experience of co-creating a map of online harms, we then argue that
the map -- and the process of mapping -- perform three mutually constitutive
functions, acting simultaneously as method, medium and provocation. We draw
lessons from how an open-ended approach to mapping, despite not guaranteeing
consensus, can foster productive debate and collaboration in ethically and
politically fraught areas of research. We end with a call for CSCW research to
surface and engage with the multiple temporalities, social lives and political
sensibilities of knowledge infrastructures.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures, to appear in The 26th ACM Conference On
Computer-Supported Cooperative Work And Social Computing. October 13-18,
2023. Minneapolis, MN US
The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: the effect of molecular contamination in SCUBA-2 observations of Orion A
Thermal emission from cold dust grains in giant molecular clouds can be used
to probe the physical properties, such as density, temperature and emissivity
in star-forming regions. We present the SCUBA-2 shared-risk observations at 450
m and 850 m of the Orion A molecular cloud complex taken at the James
Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). Previous studies showed that molecular emission
lines can contribute significantly to the measured fluxes in those continuum
bands. We use the HARP CO J=3-2 integrated intensity map for Orion A in
order to evaluate the molecular line contamination and its effects on the
SCUBA-2 maps. With the corrected fluxes, we have obtained a new spectral index
map for the thermal emission of dust in the well-known integral-shaped
filament. Furthermore, we compare a sample of 33 sources, selected over the
Orion A molecular cloud complex for their high CO J=3-2 line
contamination, to 27 previously identified clumps in OMC-4. This allows us to
quantify the effect of line contamination on the ratio of 850 m to 450
m flux densities and how it modifies the deduced spectral index of
emissivity for the dust grains. We also show that at least one
Spitzer-identified protostellar core in OMC-5 has a CO J=3-2
contamination level of 16 %. Furthermore, we find the strongest contamination
level (44 %) towards a young star with disk near OMC-2. This work is part of
the JCMT Gould Belt Legacy Survey.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of
the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS
Transcription Is Required to Establish Maternal Imprinting at the Prader-Willi Syndrome and Angelman Syndrome Locus
The Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS [MIM 17620]) and Angelman syndrome (AS [MIM 105830]) locus is controlled by a bipartite imprinting center (IC) consisting of the PWS-IC and the AS-IC. The most widely accepted model of IC function proposes that the PWS-IC activates gene expression from the paternal allele, while the AS-IC acts to epigenetically inactivate the PWS-IC on the maternal allele, thus silencing the paternally expressed genes. Gene order and imprinting patterns at the PWS/AS locus are well conserved from human to mouse; however, a murine AS-IC has yet to be identified. We investigated a potential regulatory role for transcription from the Snrpn alternative upstream exons in silencing the maternal allele using a murine transgene containing Snrpn and three upstream exons. This transgene displayed appropriate imprinted expression and epigenetic marks, demonstrating the presence of a functional AS-IC. Transcription of the upstream exons from the endogenous locus correlates with imprint establishment in oocytes, and this upstream exon expression pattern was conserved on the transgene. A transgene bearing targeted deletions of each of the three upstream exons exhibited loss of imprinting upon maternal transmission. These results support a model in which transcription from the Snrpn upstream exons directs the maternal imprint at the PWS-IC
Combined cognitive and state-control training for children with and without AD/HD: Effects on behaviour, working memory and resting EEG
Abstract presented at the 23rd Australasian Society for Psychophysiology Conference, 20-22 Nov 2013, Wollongong, Australi
New times, new politics: history and memory during the final years of the CPGB
This article examines the relationship between collective memory, historical interpretation and political identity. It focuses on the dissolution of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) as constructed through collective narrative memory, and on Marxist interpretations of history. The divisions within the party and the wider Marxist community, stretching from 1956 until 1991, were often framed around questions of historical interpretation. The events of 1989â1991 created an historical and mnemonic crisis for CPGB members who struggled to reconcile their past identities with their present situation. Unlike the outward-facing revisionism of other political parties, this was an intensely personal affair. The solution for many was to emphasise the need to find new ways to progress socialist aims, without relying on a discredited grand narrative. In contrast, other Communist parties, such as the Communist Party of Britain, which had been established (or âre-establishedâ) in 1988, fared rather better. By adhering to the international party line of renewal and continued struggle, the party was able to hold its narrative together, condemning the excesses of totalitarian regimes, while reaffirming the need for international class struggle
The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: the effect of molecular contamination in SCUBA-2 observations of Orion A
JOURThis is the final version of the article. It was first published by Oxford Journals for the Royal Astronomical Society via http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1093/mnras/stv3009Thermal emission from cold dust grains in giant molecular clouds can be used to probe the physical properties, such as density, temperature and emissivity in star-forming regions. We present the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA-2) shared-risk observations at 450 and 850 ÎŒm of the Orion A molecular cloud complex taken at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). Previous studies showed that molecular emission lines can contribute significantly to the measured fluxes in those continuum bands. We use the Heterodyne Array Receiver Programme 12CO J = 3-2 integrated intensity map for Orion A in order to evaluate the molecular line contamination and its effects on the SCUBA-2 maps. With the corrected fluxes, we have obtained a new spectral index α map for the thermal emission of dust in the well-known integral-shaped filament. Furthermore, we compare a sample of 33 sources, selected over the Orion A molecular cloud complex for their high 12CO J = 3-2 line contamination, to 27 previously identified clumps in OMC 4. This allows us to quantify the effect of line contamination on the ratio of 850-450 ÎŒm flux densities and how it modifies the deduced spectral index of emissivity ÎČ for the dust grains. We also show that at least one Spitzer-identified protostellar core in OMC 5 has a 12CO J = 3-2 contamination level of 16 per cent. Furthermore, we find the strongest contamination level (44 per cent) towards a young star with disc near OMC 2. This work is part of the JCMT Gould Belt Legacy Survey
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