In the Classroom: Vocabulary (April \u2790)

Vocabulary knowledge is one of the most critical elements of comprehension. Helping students to expand their own vocabularies and to become more interested in words is a challenge for all teachers. The following techniques provide teachers various ways to enhance students\u27 vocabulary development. To read more about vocabulary instruction, see: Heimlich, J.E., & Pittelman, S.D. (1986). Semantic mapping: Classroom applications. Newark, DE: International Reading Association. Johnson, D.D. (Ed.) (1986). Vocabulary [Special issuel. Journal of Reading, 29 (7). Johnson, D.D., & Pearson, PD. (1984). Teaching reading vocabulary (2nd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Marzano, R.J., & Marzano, J.S. (1988). A cluster approach to elementary vocabulary instruction. Nevrark, DE: International Reading Association

Harpur Palate, Volume 9, Issue 2, Winter 2010

Contributors: Ruth Thompson | Vanessa Blakeslee | Darryl Crawford | Patrick Crerand | Jason DeYoung | Jaquira Díaz | Tim Hedges | Jennifer D. Munro | Kimberly Quiogue Andrews | Amy Ash | Cynthia Atkins | Kaveh Bassiri | F.J. Bergmann | Jaime Brunton | Adam Clay | Christina Cook | Phil Estes | Mary Beth Ferda | Rebecca Morgan Frank | Brandi George | Arthur Gottleib | Robert H. Guard | Michael Hall | Jenny Hanning | William A. Henkin | Michael Jenkins | Jill McCabe Johnson | Ellen LaFleche | R.J. Lambert | Cynthia Lowen | Travis Mossotti | Linda Lancione Moyet | Nikoletta Nousiopoulos | Jennifer Perrine | Romy Ruukel | Emily Scudder | Brooke Sheridan | Theresa D. Smith | Bonnie Stanard | Mark Wagenaar | Stephen Lloyd Webber | Jonathan Wells | Marcus Wicker | Lindsay Wilson | Paul Roger

Letter: W.E. Johnson to Lt. R.J. Robt Cunningham, June 18, 1864

https://digitalcommons.wofford.edu/littlejohnwejohnson/1004/thumbnail.jp

Journals Under Attack: Faculty and Researchers\u27 Creative Solutions to Access Problems (or, Theft is the answer. What was the question?)

Escalating journal subscription costs and concurrent library and institutional budget cuts have precipitated the cancellation of journal subscriptions by many research and academic libraries. How does the faculty and research community obtain the information no longer provided for them by their university libraries? Resource sharing among libraries has been a traditional solution to this dilemma, but is not the only solution employed by researchers and faculty. Part of a study conducted at Utah State University (USU) examines the methods faculty and researchers use to obtain access to materials not held by the University Libraries, focusing on identifying unique or unconventional methods of access already in place that might be developed for broader, more efficient use of institutional resources

The University Library as Information Provider and Communication Facilitator: A Faculty Research Database

The current information explosion, coupled with rapid electronic developments and pervasive economic constraints, is forcing academic communities and their libraries to refine and rethink their policies and services in order to increase efficient dissemination of information. This requires close monitoring of and quicker response to the changing needs of their own user communities. This collaborative project addresses these issues by collecting and correlating information obtained directly from university faculty and research units, tracking elements such as research interests, projects, patents, funding sources, publications, and courses taught. Preliminary findings and the significance of providing wide electronic access to the results are discussed

Abstracts presented at a session of the twelfth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 17 March 1981

Abstracts presented at a session, Satellites of Saturn, at the 12th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 17 March 1981.Compiled by the Lunar and Planetary Institute.Evolution of the Saturnian Satellites: The Role of Impact / E.M. Shoemaker and R.F. Wolfe--Variations in Crater Densities on Mimas, Dione, and Rhea / J.B. Plescia and J.M. Boyce--Crater Populations on Mimas, Dione and Rhea / R.G. Strom--Enceladus: Evolution and Possible Relationship to Saturn's E-Ring / R.J. Terrile and A.F. Cook--Bulk Properties of the Saturnian Satellites: Implications for Evolution / L.A. Soderblom and T.V. Johnson

Unraveling How Candida albicans Forms Sexual Biofilms.

Biofilms, structured and densely packed communities of microbial cells attached to surfaces, are considered to be the natural growth state for a vast majority of microorganisms. The ability to form biofilms is an important virulence factor for most pathogens, including the opportunistic human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. C. albicans is one of the most prevalent fungal species of the human microbiota that asymptomatically colonizes healthy individuals. However, C. albicans can also cause severe and life-threatening infections when host conditions permit (e.g., through alterations in the host immune system, pH, and resident microbiota). Like many other pathogens, this ability to cause infections depends, in part, on the ability to form biofilms. Once formed, C. albicans biofilms are often resistant to antifungal agents and the host immune response, and can act as reservoirs to maintain persistent infections as well as to seed new infections in a host. The majority of C. albicans clinical isolates are heterozygous (a/α) at the mating type-like (MTL) locus, which defines Candida mating types, and are capable of forming robust biofilms when cultured in vitro. These "conventional" biofilms, formed by MTL-heterozygous (a/α) cells, have been the primary focus of C. albicans biofilm research to date. Recent work in the field, however, has uncovered novel mechanisms through which biofilms are generated by C. albicans cells that are homozygous or hemizygous (a/a, a/Δ, α/α, or α/Δ) at the MTL locus. In these studies, the addition of pheromones of the opposite mating type can induce the formation of specialized "sexual" biofilms, either through the addition of synthetic peptide pheromones to the culture, or in response to co-culturing of cells of the opposite mating types. Although sexual biofilms are generally less robust than conventional biofilms, they could serve as a protective niche to support genetic exchange between mating-competent cells, and thus may represent an adaptive mechanism to increase population diversity in dynamic environments. Although conventional and sexual biofilms appear functionally distinct, both types of biofilms are structurally similar, containing yeast, pseudohyphal, and hyphal cells surrounded by an extracellular matrix. Despite their structural similarities, conventional and sexual biofilms appear to be governed by distinct transcriptional networks and signaling pathways, suggesting that they may be adapted for, and responsive to, distinct environmental conditions. Here we review sexual biofilms and compare and contrast them to conventional biofilms of C. albicans

Science and Subpoenas: When do the Courts Become Instruments of Manipulation?

Fischer says he believes that the uneasy relationship between law and science is likely to continue regarding disclosure of scientific research materials

Limits on models of the ultrahigh energy cosmic rays based on topological defects

An erratum exists for this article. Please see the description link below for details.Using the propagation of ultrahigh energy nucleons, photons, and electrons in the universal radiation backgrounds, we obtain limits on the luminosity of topological defect scenarios for the origin of the highest energy cosmic rays. The limits are set as a function of the mass of the X particles emitted by the cosmic strings or other defects, the cosmological evolution of the topological defects, and the strength of the extragalactic magnetic fields. The existing data on the cosmic ray spectrum and on the isotropic 100 MeV gamma-ray background limit significantly the parameter space in which topological defects can generate the flux of the highest energy cosmic rays, and rule out models with the standard X-particle mass of 10¹⁶GeV and higher.R. J. Protheroe and Todor Stane