Aspects of the metabolism of L-dopa and related amino acids in man and rat

Imperial Users onl

Influence of Gender Appropriateness of Sex-Role and Occupational Preferences on Evaluations of a Competent Person

Previous research has found that while masculine sex-role preferences are more highly valued, persons holding gender consistent sex-role preferences generally are rated as more attractive. The present study explores the interactive effect of gender consistent/inconsistent sex-role preferences and congruent/incongruent occupational choices on evaluations of a person from varying perspectives. Statistical analysis of the data revealed (1) people holding masculine sex-role preferences are perceived to have a higher motivation to succeed, and to be more competent; (2)from the perspective of friend and potential employee, persons holding gender consistent sex-role preferences are perceived as more attractive; (3) from the perspective of potential employer, there is a tendency for males to prefer employees who hold masculine sex-role preferences, while females continue to prefer gender consistent sex-role preferences

Proxmire: Bulldog of the Senate

Review of: Proxmire: Bulldog of the Senate, by Jonathan Kasparek

The Hydrothermal Footprint in Siliciclastic-Volcanic Rocks above Carbonate-Hosted High-Grade Ore at the Turquoise Ridge Carlin-type Gold Deposit, Getchell District, Nevada

High-grade mineralization located within the carbonate-rich sedimentary rocks at the underground Turquoise Ridge (TR) Carlin-type gold mine has been previously described in detail by numerous geoscientists. This study lays the foundation for characterizing the expansive footprint of the Carlin-type hydrothermal system within the 1,000-2,000 feet of siliciclastic and volcanic rocks overlying the TR deposit. Two large ore controlling structural zones, the BBT and TR Corridor fault zones, can be tracked from the deposit to the surface and are the focus of this research. Petrographic and geochemical investigations were the primary means in characterizing the hydrothermal system above TR. Petrographic characterizations involved detailed logging of 16,800 feet of core and subsequent plotting of alteration, mineralization, and lithology in cross section, along with selectively sampling the core to describe the alteration and mineralization in hand sample and polished thin sections with short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy, transmitted and reflected light, and backscattered electron imaging with EDS analyses. Select ore-stage sulfides were analyzed with an electron microprobe. Geochemical characterization of the TR Carlin-type hydrothermal system above the TR ore body utilized ~125,000 samples with multi-element geochemistry, which were statistically analyzed across different elevations and hand contoured in level plans across six elevations. Hydrothermal features above the TR ore body can sometimes be ambiguous in their interpreted relationship to ore formation at depth but were categorized as being either "healthy", representing a fluid still capable of forming strong acidic alteration, widespread mineralization by sulfidation, and containing geochemistry typical of the TR ore body, or as being "exhausted" representing hydrothermal fluids ascending after ore formation at depth. Healthy hydrothermal features above TR are manifested as 1) widespread, structurally controlled argillization dominated by kaolinite and illite from the deposit to the surface (~1km vertical extent), 2) kaolinite-illite-marcasite sulfidation veinlets that are semi-planar, parallel hydrothermal fluid pathways, and correlate near perfectly with the acidic alteration footprint, 3) arsenian marcasite associated with the sulfidation of ferroan silicates or ilmenite in basaltic rocks or tuffaceous muds, often expressed as arsenian marcasite rimming remnant TiO2 from the dissolution of ilmenite, and 4) concentrations of Au, As, Hg, Sb, Te, Tl, W, and Ag consistently in the 28th percentile of available data extending from the base of the deposit to the surface. There was no clear trace geochemical fingerprint for arsenian marcasites analyzed by EMPA, possibly due to sample selection and the large area of research. However, sulfidation veinlets, regardless of As content, commonly were auriferous. Outside of carbonate-bearing rocks, Fe-rich rocks, such as basaltic volcanic rocks and mudstones with a tuffaceous component, express these hydrothermal features more overtly than the Fe-poor rocks. Hydrothermal features observed above the TRJV ore body that appear to be indicative of exhausted hydrothermal fluids due to ore formation at depth include: 1) incomplete argillization of pre-Eocene biotite with accompanying strong arsenian marcasite and Au mineralization, indicating a more neutralized hydrothermal fluid still capable of strong mineralization, 2) the presence of disseminated Eocene scheelite in acidically altered rocks along with a related W-rich halo (>380 ppm) hundreds of feet above the TR ore body, indicating hydrothermal calcium saturation due to mass dissolution of limestone at depth, 3) a loosely defined halo of dull blue montmorillonite/illite overprinted with calcite on fracture surfaces in otherwise unaltered wall rocks indicating the partial neutralization of acidic Carlin fluids, 4) cogenetic adularia, quartz, and arsenian pyrite/marcasite suggesting a more neutral ore-stage fluid, 5) the presence of arsenopyrite and native arsenic indicating a low-sulfidation state caused by a decrease in sulfur in the rising hydrothermal fluids due to ore depositing at depth, 6) relatively pure tetrahedrite, indicating low concentrations of aqueous As in the upwelling hydrothermal fluids, possibly due to widespread arsenian pyrite formation at depth, 7) banded calcite, ferroan dolomite, and ankerite plus clear quartz veins containing arsenopyrite, indicating dissolved carbonates at depth, more neutral fluids, and a lower sulfidation state of the hydrothermal fluids, and 8) minor ammonium-bearing illite in argillized volcanic rocks within the center of the BBT fault zone, suggesting dissolution of carbonaceous sediment dissolution at depth. Many Carlin-related hydrothermal features were identified above the TR deposit, and those features dwarf the footprint of economic Au mineralization and the more cryptic lateral hydrothermal footprint identified by previous researchers. Healthy hydrothermal characteristics comprise most of this large hydrothermal footprint above TR, with exhausted hydrothermal characteristics being relatively less widespread but still identifiable with specific petrographic and geochemical techniques outlined in this paper

Conformability analysis for the control of quality costs in electronic systems

The variations embodied in the production of electronic systems can cause that system to fail to conform to its specification with respect to Critical to Quality features. As a consequence of such failures the system manufacture may incur significant quality costs ranging from simple warranty returns up to legal liabilities. It can be difficult to determine both the probability that a system will fail to meet its specification and estimate the associated cost of failure. This thesis presents the Electronic Conformability Analysis (eCA) technique a novel methodology and supporting tool set for the assessment and control of quality costs associated with electronic systems. The technique addresses the three main elements of production affecting quality costs associated with electronic systems which are functionality, manufacturability and testability. Electronic Conformability Analysis combines statistical performance exploration with process capability indices, a modified form of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis and a cost mapping procedure. The technique allows the quality costs associated with design and manufacture induced failures to be assessed and the effectiveness of test strategies in reducing these costs to be determined. Through this analysis of costs the technique allows the potential trade-offs between these costs and those associated with design and process modifications to be explored. In support of the Electronic Conformability Analysis technique a number of new analysis tools have been developed. These tools enable the methodology to cope with the specific difficulties associated with the analysis of electronic systems. The technique has been applied to a number of analogue and mixed signal, safety critical circuits from automotive systems. These case studies have included several different levels of system complexity ranging from relatively simple transistor circuits to highly complex mechatronic systems. These case studies have shown that the technique is effective in a commercial design and manufacturing environment

Differences in the Experience of Caregiving Between Spouse and Adult Child Caregivers in Dementia With Lewy Bodies.

Background and objectivesDementia caregiving has been associated with increased burden, depression, grief, a decreased sense of well-being and quality of life, and a weakening of social support. Little is known about the experience of caregiving in Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). The present study examines differences in the caregiving experience of spouse versus adult child caregivers of individuals with DLB.Research design and methodsIn this cross-sectional analytic study of spouses (n = 255) and adult children (n = 160) caregivers of individuals with DLB, participants completed an online survey of burden, grief, depression, well-being, quality of life, and social support.ResultsAdult child caregivers were more likely to care for women (p < .001) and see the care recipient less often (p < .001) than spouses. Adult child caregivers reported lower quality of life (p < .001) and more caregiver burden (p < .009), but also greater social support (p < .001) than spouses. Between group analyses of caregiver type by disease severity demonstrated that spousal caregivers experience greater grief with advancing disease (p = .005), while adult child caregivers increase social support with advancing disease (p < .001).Discussion and implicationsSpouses and adult children experience DLB caregiving differently. This was explained by the younger age of the adult child caregiver, frequency of contact with the care recipient, and differences in the care recipient's characteristics, frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms, and disease severity. DLB caregiver support for this population should target psychoeducation for complicated neuropsychiatric symptoms in the care recipient. Screening all DLB caregivers for burden, grief, and depression is suggested to identify those that may benefit most from intervention. Spouses specifically may benefit from interventions that target increasing social support, while adult child caregivers may benefit from interventions aimed at mitigating burden and improving quality of life

STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN AN ERA OF INCREASED OPENNESS: A BACKGROUND PAPER ON THE STRUCTURE OF U.S. AGRICULTURE

Agribusiness,

Clingfishes (Gobiesocidae) from Belize and Honduras, Central America, with a Redescription of Gobiesox barbatulus Starks

Six marine species and a single freshwater species of clingfish are reported from collections made by the authors in Belize and Honduras, Central America, during the period 1970 through 1980. Acyrtops amplicirrus Briggs, Acyrtus rubiginosus (Poey), and Gobiesox barbatulus Starks are reported for the first time from the western Caribbean and Gobiesox nudus (Linnaeus) is recorded for the first time from Honduras. Acyrtops amplicirrus is tentatively recognized as distinct from A. beryllina (Hildebrand and Ginsburg). Gobiesox barbatulus Starks is distinguished from G. strumosus on the basis of development of barbels on the pre- and suborbital areas, fringing of the dermal flaps on the anterior nostrils, and more numerous and narrow lines radiating from the eye in the case of G. barbatulus. Principal components analysis of 13 morphometric characters resulted in clear separation of the two forms along the first component axis. Both species are mainland forms occurring in turbid and often brackish water. Gobiesox barbatulus is a southern form occurring from Brazil to Belize, G. strumosus is a northern form occurring from Campeche, Mexico to Virginia. The apparent distributional boundary (centered on east coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico) between the two agrees with the boundary between the northern and southern continental shorefish faunas recognized by Robins (1971) and Gilbert (1973)

Notes on Microtine Rodents from the Brooks Range, Arctic Alaska

In connection with parasitological studies carried on during 1949 for the U.S. Public Health Service, the writer collected a considerable number of mammals from the northern edge of the Endicott section of the Brooks Range, in Arctic Alaska. The mammalian fauna of this region is poorly known, since apparently no previous collecting has been done here. About 200 microtine rodents were collected, mostly near Tolugak Lake (latitude 68° 24\u27 N, longitude 151° 26\u27 W), near the head of the Anaktuvuk River Valley. A few specimens were also taken at Umiat, on the Colville River, about 80 miles north of Tolugak Lake (latitude 69° 23\u27 N, longitude 152° 10\u27 W). Five species are represented: Clethrionomys rutilis dawsoni (Merriam), Microtus oeconomus macfarlani Merriam, Microtus miurus paneaki, n. subsp., Lemmus trimucronatus alascensis Merriam and Dicrostonyx groenlandicus rubricatus (Richardson). More complete details concerning their ecology and reproduction will be presented in a later paper, at which time the other mammals obtained will also be considered. The specimens have been deposited in the U.S. National Museum

Consumption inequality and income uncertainty

This paper places the debate over using consumption or income in studies of inequality growth in a formal intertemporal setting. It highlights the importance of permanent and transitory income uncertainty in the evaluation of growth in consumption inequality. We derive conditions under which the growth of variances and covariances of income and consumption can be used to separately identify the growth in the variance of permanent and transitory income shocks. Household data from Britain for the period 1968-1992 are used to show a strong growth in transitory inequality toward the end of this period, while younger cohorts are shown to face significantly higher levels of permanent inequality