Alien Registration- Sturgeon, John (Portland, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/21326/thumbnail.jp

Alien Registration- Sturgeon, John F. (Portland, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/21325/thumbnail.jp

Glass-ceramic coatings for metals

An investigation was conducted into the coating of metal substrates with a glass-ceramic enamel. Two metal types were coated, a 17% chrome-iron and a low carbon mild steel. The glass-ceramic was based on a complex lithium aluminosilicate glass. The enamel was applied using a vitreous enamelling coating technique, followed by conversion to a glass-ceramic. The coating process strongly influenced the microstructural form developed. For both metal substrate types it was possible to produce coatings which wet well and exhibit good adhesion. Crystalline substrate oxide is observed at the interfaces of these coatings. Abrasion prior to preoxidation is an essential requirement for good coating adhesion on a chrome-iron substrate. The interface region for a coating on chrome-iron exhibits little interaction or microstructural change. -However the coating on mild steel exhibits extensive interaction, with a reaction zone extending into the coating. The marked difference between the two coated substrate types can be explained by the different substrate oxide formed, solubility of the substrate oxide in the coating and nucleating ability of the substrate oxide surface. Addition of adherence oxides (NiO, CoO) to the coating on mild steel was examined. The adherence oxides participate in complex reactions which result in the formation of metallic alloys adjacent the interface. Both adherence oxides promote wetting under conditions where wetting is not possible if they are absent. Nickel oxide is detremental to coating adhesion. This may be related to its ability to cause a rapid dissolution of iron oxide present at the interface

The natural resources of Bolinas Lagoon: their status and future

This publication is an integral part of the Department's high-priority inventory and assessment of coastal marshland and tideflat resources. It is intended as a guide for citizens, planners, administrators, and all others interested in the use and development of coastal lands and waters. Although the resources and problems of Bolinas Lagoon have probably been the subject of more biological and physical investigations than any small estuarine area of the California coast, many of the pertinent reports and information are not readily available to the public. Consequently, it is one purpose of this report to summarize the lagoon's history, ecological attractions, educational values and the problems facing its continued existence. At the same time, it should provide concerned citizens with a knowledge of the sources of additional and more specific information. Publication of this report is consistent with the obligation of the Department of Fish and Game to do everything in its power to protect and maintain the State's fish and wildlife resources. Therefore, its purpose transcends local issues on pollution and development, and the Department is, in fact, submitting a report to the people on the status and future of part of its inheritance and the dowry of coming generations. The report is the third of a scheduled series. It follows similar releases on Upper Newport Bay (Orange County) and Goleta Slough (Santa Barbara county) in March and June of 1970. Documentation of the resources of other critical areas is in progress. There will be future reports of this nature on Elkhorn Slough, Morro Bay, Tomales Bay, Humboldt Bay, and highly threatened marshlands in southern California. (137 pp.

Switching between parathormone (PTH) assays: the impact on the diagnosis of renal osteodystrophy

Background: Clinical guidelines for decision-making in chronic kidney disease (CKD) consider parathormone (PTH) levels. The measured PTH values differ if novel full length PTH(1-84) assays are used instead of earlier intact iPTH assays. In this study we analyzed how the classification of CKD patients alters when iPTH assays are switched to PTH(1-84) assays. Methods: Plasma samples were collected prior to dialysis sessions from 110 consecutive CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis. PTH levels were determined with iPTH assays (Elecsys, Architect and DiaSorin Liaison N-tact) and PTH(1-84) assays (Elecsys and Liaison). Using KDIGO guidelines patients were classified as being below, above and in the recommended target range (RTR) of PTH. The results of classification with different assays were evaluated and, a novel calculation method of RTR was implemented. Results: The prevalence of patients with PTH in RTR is comparable with each assay, but the individual patients differed. PTH(1-84) Elecsys and Liaison assays classified more patients as being below RTR than iPTH Elecsys and Architect but not Liaison N-tact assay (27.3%, 22.7% vs. 41%, 31.8%, and 36.4%, respectively). In turn, PTH(1-84) Elecsys and Liaison assays identified less CKD patients with PTH above the RTR than iPTH except N-tact assays (6.4%, 10% vs. 16.3%, 19%, and 6.3%, respectively). Using our calculation method, our discrimination values for PTH(1-84) assays to achieve classification identical to that with iPTH Elecsys were lower than those recommended by the manufacturer. Conclusions: Current guidelines for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD should consider the type of assays used for PTH measurement. Each laboratory should assess its own RTR for PTH tests to achieve comparable classification. The presented calculation is simple, it mimics an everyday situation, switching from one assay to another one, and provides useful RTR values for PTH tests

Switching between parathormone (PTH) assays: the impact on the diagnosis of renal osteodystrophy

Background: Clinical guidelines for decision-making in chronic kidney disease (CKD) consider parathormone (PTH) levels. The measured PTH values differ if novel full length PTH(1-84) assays are used instead of earlier intact iPTH assays. In this study we analyzed how the classification of CKD patients alters when iPTH assays are switched to PTH(1-84) assays. Methods: Plasma samples were collected prior to dialysis sessions from 110 consecutive CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis. PTH levels were determined with iPTH assays (Elecsys, Architect and DiaSorin Liaison N-tact) and PTH(1-84) assays (Elecsys and Liaison). Using KDIGO guidelines patients were classified as being below, above and in the recommended target range (RTR) of PTH. The results of classification with different assays were evaluated and, a novel calculation method of RTR was implemented. Results: The prevalence of patients with PTH in RTR is comparable with each assay, but the individual patients differed. PTH(1-84) Elecsys and Liaison assays classified more patients as being below RTR than iPTH Elecsys and Architect but not Liaison N-tact assay (27.3%, 22.7% vs. 41%, 31.8%, and 36.4%, respectively). In turn, PTH(1-84) Elecsys and Liaison assays identified less CKD patients with PTH above the RTR than iPTH except N-tact assays (6.4%, 10% vs. 16.3%, 19%, and 6.3%, respectively). Using our calculation method, our discrimination values for PTH(1-84) assays to achieve classification identical to that with iPTH Elecsys were lower than those recommended by the manufacturer. Conclusions: Current guidelines for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD should consider the type of assays used for PTH measurement. Each laboratory should assess its own RTR for PTH tests to achieve comparable classification. The presented calculation is simple, it mimics an everyday situation, switching from one assay to another one, and provides useful RTR values for PTH tests

Introduction: Globalisation, Value Chains and Development

Globalisation has become a catchword for the international economy at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The increasing importance of export-oriented industrialisation has made integration into the global economy virtually synonymous with development for a number of nations. However, there is an acute awareness that the gains from globalisation are very unevenly distributed within as well as between societies. A growing body of work analyses globalisation processes from the perspective of ‘value chains’; that is that international trade in goods and services should not be seen solely, or even mainly, as a multitude of arm’s-length market-based transactions but rather as systems of governance - involving multinational enterprises - that link firms together in a variety of sourcing and contracting arrangements. Understanding how these value chains operate is very important for developing country firms and policymakers because the way chains are structured has implications for newcomers trying to participate in the chain and to gain access to necessary skills, competences and supporting services. Most of the papers in this Bulletin build on the results of a workshop in Bellagio, Italy in September 2000, where all these issues were discussed