Modelling the effect of nuclear motion on the attosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectra of ethylene

Using time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) we examine the energy, angular and time-resolved photoelectron spectra (TRPES) of ethylene in a pump-probe setup. To simulate TRPES we expose ethylene to an ultraviolet (UV) femtosecond pump pulse, followed by a time delayed extreme ultraviolet (XUV) probe pulse. Studying the photoemission spectra as a function of this delay provides us direct access to the dynamic evolution of the molecule's electronic levels. Further, by including the nuclei's motion, we provide direct chemical insight into the chemical reactivity of ethylene. These results show how angular and energy resolved TRPES could be used to directly probe electron and nucleus dynamics in molecules.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

Hydrodynamic Modelling of the Electronic Response of Carbon Nanotubes

The discovery of carbon nanotubes by Iijima in 1991 has created a torrent of new research activities. Research on carbon nanotubes ranges from studying their fundamental properties, such as their electron band structure and plasma frequencies, to developing new applications, such as self-assembled nano-circuits and field emission displays. Robust models are now needed to enable a better understanding of the electronic response of carbon nanotubes. We use time-dependent density functional theory to derive a two-fluid two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic model describing the collective response of a multiwalled carbon nanotube with dielectric media embedded inside or surrounding the nanotube. We study plasmon hybridization of the nanotube system in the UV range, the stopping force for ion channelling, the dynamical image potential for fast ions, channelled diclusters and point dipoles, and the energy loss for ions with oblique trajectories. Comparisons are made of results obtained from the 2D hydrodynamic model with those obtained from an extension of the 3D Kitagawa model to cylindrical geometries

Using social media during job search: the case of 16-24 year olds in Scotland

Social media are powerful networking platforms that provide users with significant information opportunities. Despite this, little is known about their impact on job search behaviour. Here, interview (participants = 7), focus group (participants = 6), and survey (n=558) data supplied by young jobseekers in Scotland were analysed to investigate the role of social media in job search. The findings show that Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn are the most popular platforms for this purpose, and that the type of job sought influences the direction of user behaviour. Frequent social media use for job search is linked with interview invitations. The study also reveals that although most jobseekers use social media for job search sparingly, they are much more likely to do so if advised by a professional. Combined, the findings represent a crucial base of knowledge which can inform careers policy, and can be used as a platform for further research

Networking as an information behaviour during job search: an study of active jobseekers in the Scottish youth labour market

Purpose - Although social networks are considered influential to employment outcomes, little is known about the behavioural manifestation of networking during job search. To address this, the study presented here examined the role of networking amongst 16-24 year old active jobseekers living in Scotland.Design/methodology/approach - A sequential, mixed methods approach was applied to gather data, including interviews (no. of participants =7), a focus group (no. of participants = 6), and a survey questionnaire (no. of participants =558). The study design was underpinned by a prominent model from the field of Information Science. As such, job search networking has been treated as an information behaviour.Findings - The findings show that young people acquire different types of information from network contacts throughout job search, and that frequent networking is associated with positive outcomes. This is especially true of engaging with family members, acquaintances, and employers. However, barriers such as a lack of confidence or awareness mean that few young people make the most of their social contacts when seeking work.Practical implications - Careers professionals can use this knowledge to advise clients on maximising the potential of social networks as sources of job search information.Originality/value - A key contribution of this work is that it provides a detailed insight into a topic that has been neglected in previous studies: that of the process of job search networking as an information behaviour