6 research outputs found
Enabling Inkjet Printed Graphene for Ion Selective Electrodes with Postprint Thermal Annealing
High-Resolution Graphene Films for Electrochemical Sensing <i>via</i> Inkjet Maskless Lithography
Solution-phase printing
of nanomaterial-based graphene inks are
rapidly gaining interest for fabrication of flexible electronics.
However, scalable manufacturing techniques for high-resolution printed
graphene circuits are still lacking. Here, we report a patterning
technique [<i>i.e.</i>, inkjet maskless lithography (IML)]
to form high-resolution, flexible, graphene films (line widths down
to 20 μm) that significantly exceed the current inkjet printing
resolution of graphene (line widths ∼60 μm). IML uses
an inkjet printed polymer lacquer as a sacrificial pattern, viscous
spin-coated graphene, and a subsequent graphene lift-off to pattern
films without the need for prefabricated stencils, templates, or cleanroom
technology (<i>e.g.</i>, photolithography). Laser annealing
is employed to increase conductivity on thermally sensitive, flexible
substrates [polyethylene terephthalate (PET)]. Laser annealing and
subsequent platinum nanoparticle deposition substantially increases
the electroactive nature of graphene as illustrated by electrochemical
hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) sensing [rapid response
(5 s), broad linear sensing range (0.1–550 μm), high
sensitivity (0.21 μM/μA), and low detection limit (0.21
μM)]. Moreover, high-resolution, complex graphene circuits [<i>i.e.</i>, interdigitated electrodes (IDE) with varying finger
width and spacing] were created with IML and characterized <i>via</i> potassium chloride (KCl) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
(EIS). Results indicated that sensitivity directly correlates to electrode
feature size as the IDE with the smallest finger width and spacing
(50 and 50 μm) displayed the largest response to changes in
KCl concentration (∼21 kΩ). These results indicate that
the developed IML patterning technique is well-suited for rapid, solution-phase
graphene film prototyping on flexible substrates for numerous applications
including electrochemical sensing
High-Resolution Graphene Films for Electrochemical Sensing <i>via</i> Inkjet Maskless Lithography
Solution-phase printing
of nanomaterial-based graphene inks are
rapidly gaining interest for fabrication of flexible electronics.
However, scalable manufacturing techniques for high-resolution printed
graphene circuits are still lacking. Here, we report a patterning
technique [<i>i.e.</i>, inkjet maskless lithography (IML)]
to form high-resolution, flexible, graphene films (line widths down
to 20 μm) that significantly exceed the current inkjet printing
resolution of graphene (line widths ∼60 μm). IML uses
an inkjet printed polymer lacquer as a sacrificial pattern, viscous
spin-coated graphene, and a subsequent graphene lift-off to pattern
films without the need for prefabricated stencils, templates, or cleanroom
technology (<i>e.g.</i>, photolithography). Laser annealing
is employed to increase conductivity on thermally sensitive, flexible
substrates [polyethylene terephthalate (PET)]. Laser annealing and
subsequent platinum nanoparticle deposition substantially increases
the electroactive nature of graphene as illustrated by electrochemical
hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) sensing [rapid response
(5 s), broad linear sensing range (0.1–550 μm), high
sensitivity (0.21 μM/μA), and low detection limit (0.21
μM)]. Moreover, high-resolution, complex graphene circuits [<i>i.e.</i>, interdigitated electrodes (IDE) with varying finger
width and spacing] were created with IML and characterized <i>via</i> potassium chloride (KCl) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
(EIS). Results indicated that sensitivity directly correlates to electrode
feature size as the IDE with the smallest finger width and spacing
(50 and 50 μm) displayed the largest response to changes in
KCl concentration (∼21 kΩ). These results indicate that
the developed IML patterning technique is well-suited for rapid, solution-phase
graphene film prototyping on flexible substrates for numerous applications
including electrochemical sensing