18 research outputs found
Phylogeny and biogeography of Arabian populations of the Persian Horned Viper <i>Pseudocerastes persicus</i> (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
<p>The Persian Horned Viper (<i>Pseudocerastes persicus</i>) is distributed from northeast Iraq through the Iranian Plateau to western Pakistan with isolated populations in the Hajar Mountains of south-eastern Arabia. Like the other members of the genus <i>Pseudocerastes</i>, <i>P. persicus</i> is a sit-and-wait ambush feeder with low vagility, a characteristic that often results in high levels of population differentiation. In order to clarify the level of genetic variability, phylogenetic relationships, and biogeography of the Arabian populations of <i>P. persicus</i> we sequenced 597 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome <i>b</i> of four individuals from the Hajar Mountains in south-eastern Arabia and inferred their phylogenetic relationships including 10 samples of <i>P. persicus</i> from Iran and Pakistan, four <i>P. urarachnoides</i> and one <i>P. fieldi</i> downloaded from GenBank. The four Arabian samples are genetically very similar in the gene fragment analysed and are phylogenetically very closely related to populations of <i>P. persicus</i> from coastal south Iran. Biogeographically, it appears that colonisation of the Hajar Mountains by <i>P. persicus</i> took place from Iran very recently, most probably during the last glaciation, when most of the Persian Gulf was above sea level and did not represent a barrier for dispersal.</p
Cryptic diversity in <i>Ptyodactylus</i> (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from the northern Hajar Mountains of Oman and the United Arab Emirates uncovered by an integrative taxonomic approach - Fig 4
<p><b>Visualization of the climatic space occupied by <i>Ptyodactylus orlovi</i> (1) and <i>Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus</i> sp. nov. (2) based on PCA-env (A) and ENFA (B).</b> (A) The niches of both species are displayed on a multi-dimensional scale represented by the first two axes of a principal component analyses (PCA) summarizing the entire study area. (B) The x-axis shows marginality and the y-axis specialization. In both figures the grey shadings reflect the density of the occurrences of each species by cell. The dashed and solid contour lines illustrate, respectively, 50% and 100% of the available background environment. The significance of the equivalency and similarity tests is shown with an asterisc (*).</p
L'ABC della relativitĂ
Tutti sanno che Einstein cambiò un capitolo della storia del pensiero umano quando scoprì la teoria della relatività , ma poci hanno le idee chiare in proposito..
Descriptive statistics for all morphometric variables examined for <i>P</i>. <i>ruusaljibalicus</i> sp. nov. and <i>P</i>. <i>orlovi</i>.
<p>Mean ± Standard Deviation (SD) and range (Min–Max) are given. Abbreviations of characters as explained in the Material and Methods and as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0180397#pone.0180397.s005" target="_blank">S3 Table</a>.</p
View of the common habitat in the mountainous Ruus al Jibal and general appearance in life of <i>Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus</i> sp. nov.
<p>(A) Rocky habitat in the type locality on the 23<sup>rd</sup> of April 2013. (B) Holotype of <i>P</i>. <i>ruusaljibalicus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> (voucher code NHMUK2013.347) including a detail of the cloacal tubercles at the tail base. All photographs taken by Salvador Carranza.</p
Descriptive statistics for all meristic variables examined for <i>P</i>. <i>ruusaljibalicus</i> sp. nov. and <i>P</i>. <i>orlovi</i>.
<p>Mean ± Standard Deviation (SD) and range (Min–Max) are given. Abbreviations of characters as explained in the Material and Methods and as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0180397#pone.0180397.s005" target="_blank">S3 Table</a>.</p
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the climatic space of Oman (grey dots) using 12 BIOCLIM variables.
<p>Dashed lines delimit the climatic clusters that group 10% of the explained variance by PC1 and PC2. Green dots represent the climatic space of protected areas.</p
Number of species displayed in a cumulative way.
<p>Dots represent the years with species descriptions. Dashed lines divide the graph into intervals of 20 years. The last dot includes the species in the process of being described.</p
Map of Oman indicating the sampling effort.
<p>Grids of 10 arc-minutes (~18km) with observations (red dot). Empty grid cells are either due to no observation or no sampling.</p
Map of protected areas of Oman.
<p>Topographical map of Oman showing the distribution, limits and names of the 22 protected areas. Information provided by the Ministry of Environment and Climate Affairs of Oman.</p