6 research outputs found

    ‘‘What’ ’ and ‘‘Where’ ’ in Word Reading: Ventral Coding of Written Words Revealed by Parietal Atrophy Abstract

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    & The visual system of literate adults develops a remarkable perceptual expertise for printed words. To delineate the aspects of this competence intrinsic to the occipitotemporal ‘‘what’ ’ pathway, we studied a patient with bilateral lesions of the occipitoparietal ‘‘where’ ’ pathway. Depending on critical geometric features of the display (rotation angle, letter spacing, mirror reversal, etc.), she switched from a good performance, when her intact ventral pathway was sufficient to encode words, to severely impaired reading, when her parietal lesions prevented the use of alternative reading strategies as a result of spatial and attentional impairments. In particular, reading was disrupted (a) by rotating word by more than 508, providing an approximation of the invariance range for words encodin

    Proteomic response of Macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas exposed to chlordecone: Identification of endocrine disruption biomarkers?

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    The present work is the first study investigating the impacts of chlordecone, an organochlorine insecticide, on the proteome of the decapod crustacean Macrobrachium rosenbergii, by gel-free proteomic analysis of the hepatopancreas protein expression variations in organisms exposed to three environmental relevant concentrations of chlordecone (i.e. 0.2, 2 and 20 ÎŒg/L). Results revealed that 62 proteins were significantly up- or down-regulated in exposed prawns compared to controls. Most of these proteins are involved in important physiological processes such as ion transport, defense mechanisms and immune system, cytoskeleton dynamics, or protein synthesis and degradation. Moreover, it appears that 6% of the deregulated protein are involved in the endocrine system and in the hormonal control of reproduction or development processes of M. rosenbergii (e.g. vitellogenin, farnesoic acid omethyltransferase). These results indicate that chlordecone is potentially an endocrine disruptor compound for decapods, as already observed in vertebrates. These protein modifications could lead to disruptions of growth and reproduction of M. rosenbergii, and therefore of the fitness population on the long-term. Besides, these disrupted proteins could be suggested as biomarkers of exposure for endocrine disruptions in invertebrates. However, further investigations are needed to complete understanding of action mechanisms of chlordecone on proteome and endocrine system of crustaceans

    L’oral aujourd’hui : perspectives didactiques

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    Il n’est plus temps aujourd’hui de s’interroger sur la lĂ©gitimitĂ© d’un enseignement de l’oral : tous les programmes et plans d’études actuels des diffĂ©rents pays et rĂ©gions francophones lui donnent une place consĂ©quente, de la maternelle Ă  la fin du secondaire, des premiers rituels langagiers aux genres les plus complexes. Ce nouvel ouvrage de la collection Recherches en didactique du français a dĂšs lors pour principal objectif - et intĂ©rĂȘt - de prĂ©senter des pistes et rĂ©alisations concrĂštes, fondĂ©es didactiquement. Celles-ci tĂ©moignent des avancĂ©es dans ce domaine, mais aussi du dĂ©veloppement d’une ingĂ©nierie didactique solidement argumentĂ©e, attentive aux dĂ©marches d’élaboration et de validation des dispositifs proposĂ©s. Au-delĂ  de certaines convergences, les contributions font apparaitre des maniĂšres diversifiĂ©es d’envisager l’ « oral » comme objet de l’enseignement : des pratiques communicatives larges, multimodales, Ă  des conduites langagiĂšres « transversales » telles la justification ou l’argumentation, d’un oral au service de l’écrit Ă  des approches spĂ©cifiquement centrĂ©es sur des genres oraux tels le dĂ©bat ou le documentaire, en production ou en comprĂ©hension. L’ouvrage aborde ainsi de nombreuses questions, notamment Ă  propos des normes appliquĂ©es, ou Ă  appliquer, lorsqu’on enseigne l’oral, de l’évaluation, des relations entre oral et Ă©crit, de la formation, voire de la dĂ©limitation mĂȘme du domaine. Il pointe aussi quelques lacunes qui demeurent, concernant la progression des apprentissages par exemple. Cet ouvrage est de nature Ă  intĂ©resser les enseignant-e-s, qui pourront y trouver diverses pistes, les formateurs et formatrices, les didacticien-ne-s des langues et
 tous les adeptes de l’oral, sous toutes ses formes et dans toutes ses variĂ©tĂ©s
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