623 research outputs found
Neighbourhood demolition, relocation and health: a qualitative longitudinal study of housing-led urban regeneration in Glasgow, UK
We conducted a qualitative longitudinal study to explore how adult residents of disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods (Glasgow, UK) experienced neighbourhood demolition and relocation. Data from 23 households was collected in 2011 and 2012. Some participants described moves to new or improved homes in different neighbourhoods as beneficial to their and their familiesā wellbeing. Others suggested that longstanding illnesses and problems with the new home and/or neighbourhood led to more negative experiences. Individual-level contextual differences, home and neighbourhood-level factors and variations in intervention implementation influence the experiences of residents involved in relocation programmes
Space-Time Covid-19 Bayesian SIR modeling in South Carolina
The Covid-19 pandemic has spread across the world since the beginning of
2020. Many regions have experienced its effects. The state of South Carolina in
the USA has seen cases since early March 2020 and a primary peak in early April
2020. A lockdown was imposed on April 6th but lifting of restrictions started
on April 24th. The daily case and death data as reported by NCHS (deaths) via
the New York Times GitHUB repository have been analyzed and approaches to
modeling of the data are presented. Prediction is also considered and the role
of asymptomatic transmission is assessed as a latent unobserved effect. Two
different time periods are examined and one step prediction is provided.Comment: 18 pages, 14 figure
Neighbourhood demolition, relocation and health. A qualitative longitudinal study of housing-led urban regeneration in Glasgow, UK.
We conducted a qualitative longitudinal study to explore how adult residents of disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods (Glasgow, UK) experienced neighbourhood demolition and relocation. Data from 23 households was collected in 2011 and 2012. Some participants described moves to new or improved homes in different neighbourhoods as beneficial to their and their families' wellbeing. Others suggested that longstanding illnesses and problems with the new home and/or neighbourhood led to more negative experiences. Individual-level contextual differences, home and neighbourhood-level factors and variations in intervention implementation influence the experiences of residents involved in relocation programmes
Multicentre analysis of incidental findings on low-resolution CT attenuation correction images : an extended study
Objective: To review new incidental findings detected
on low-resolution CT attenuation correction (CTAC)
images acquired during single-photon emission CT-CT
myocardial perfusion imaging as an extension to our
initial study.
Methods: CTAC images acquired as part of myocardial
perfusion imaging performed using single-photon emission
CT at four UK nuclear medicine centres were evaluated as
part of a multicentre study. New incidental findings that
were considered to be clinically significant were evaluated
further. Positive-predictive value (PPV) was determined at
the time of definitive diagnosis.
Results: Out of 3485 patients, 962 (28%) patients had
a positive finding on the CTAC image, of which 824 (24%)
were new findings. 84 (2.4%) patients had findings
that were considered clinically significant at the time of
the CTAC report and which had not been previously
diagnosed. However, only 10 (0.29%) of these had
findings that were confirmed as clinically significant, with
the potential to be detrimental to patient outcome, after
follow-up and definitive diagnosis.
Conclusion: The overall PPV from all centres over the
2-year period was 12%. Each centre achieved what we
considered to be low PPVs with no significant difference
between the present and initial studies. The additional
data from the combined studies show that, statistically,
there is no significant difference between the PPVs from
any of the centres. We conclude that routine reporting of
CTAC images is not beneficial.
Advances in knowledge: This study combined with the
previous study offers a unique evaluation of new clinically
significant incidental findings on low-resolution CT images
in an attempt to determine the benefit of reporting the
CTAC images
Damned if they do, damned if they don't: negotiating the tricky context of anti-social behaviour and keeping safe in disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods
Young people's relationship with anti-social behaviour (ASB) is complicated. While their behaviours are often stereotyped as anti-social (e.g. āhanging aboutā), they also experience ASB in their neighbourhood. In this study, we explore young people's own perspectives on ASB, comparing results from āgo-alongā interviews and focus groups conducted in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Glasgow, Scotland. This article discusses how young people's everyday experience of ASB was contextualised by social factors such as cultural stereotyping of marginalised groups, poor social connectivity and spatial marginalisation within their neighbourhood. Furthermore, we found that these social factors were mutually reinforcing and interacted in a way that appeared to leave young people in a āno-winā situation regarding their association with ASB. Participation in ASB and attempts to avoid such involvement were seen to involve negative consequences: participation could entail violence and spatial restrictions linked to territoriality, but avoidance could lead to being ostracised from their peer group. Regardless of involvement, young people felt that adults stereotyped them as anti-social. Our findings therefore provide support for policies and interventions aimed at reducing ASB (perpetrated by residents of all ages); in part by better ensuring that young people have a clear incentive for avoiding such behaviours
A pilot fieldwork ultrasound study of tongue shape variability in children with and without speech sound disorder
Children with Speech Sound Disorders (SSD) have been described as having increased tongue shape variability during speech. However, most studies do not compare this variability to typically developing children (TD) using ultrasound tongue imaging (UTI). Open access corpora suitable for answering this question are scarce. This pilot study addresses both the theoretical question of whether variability differs between TD children and children with SSDs; and the feasibility of a potential solution for acquiring ultrasound data quickly at a public science exhibition. We compare tongue shapes during multiple repetitions of various consonants in TD children across different ages, and children with SSD, using mean Nearest Neighbour Distance (NND). Results suggest no significant effect of age in the TD group. Children with SSD had significantly higher tongue shape variability than TD children. Field data collection was a viable method for collecting UTI data, despite some limitations
'Just Ask Me': The Importance of Respectful Relationships Within Schools
An inclusive approach to education requires schools and educators to address the support needs and individual predispositions of all students. Our research highlights the crucial importance of effective and respectful communication with autistic students to facilitate their successful participation in schools. This paper explores the experiences of 24 autistic individuals aged 16ā67 years, through synchronous semi-structured interviews and written responses. The research team comprised both autistic and allistic (non-autistic) researchers, who worked together to design the overall project, collect interview data, and analyse the data. Relationships were frequently discussed by participants and the importance of positive relationships was positioned as key to successful participation within educational contexts. Particularly damaging were assumptions made by teachers concerning individual ability based on labels given. Participants recalled ongoing challenges with resisting stereotypes and managing stigma, while trying to craft a positive autistic identity and advocate for rightful supports for their education. At the core of these negotiations were positive relationships, and teachers who asked participants what their needs were, and then listened and proactively responded to their answers. Recommendations for more positive schooling engagements with autistic young people are provided
āPeas in a podā: Oral History Reflections on Autistic Identity in Family and Community by Late-Diagnosed Adults
In this paper, we report on a participatory oral history study documenting the lives of late-diagnosed autistic adults in Australia. We interviewed 26 autistic adults about their life history and the impact of late diagnosis. All were diagnosed after the age of 35, growing up in an era when autism was not well known. Using reflexive thematic analysis, we uncovered a rich body of reflections on shared Autistic identity and identified three major themes within that data set: 'conceptualising the Autistic family', 'creating Autistic community', and 'contesting Autistic identity'. Overall, the study provides insights into the active creation of shared Autistic identity and the importance of Autistic community to these late-diagnosed autistic adults
A Speech Therapy Animation and Imaging Resource (STAR)
The Speech Therapy Animation and imaging Resource (STAR) is a Web-based anglophone Speech and Language Therapy resource, that hosts over 1,000 videos showing the visible and hidden movements of speech articulators, using (i) ultrasound tongue imaging (UTI) with lip camera video, (ii) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and MRI-based animation. The STAR resource focuses on childrenās speech therapy and comprises of (1) a teaching and training website, which will host UTI videos of disordered and nondisordered child speech, nondisordered adult speech, and MRI videos of modelled speech (2) an in-clinic website hosting vocal-tract animations to aid speech therapy and speech practise at home. STAR will be the first resource of its kind, providing Speech and Language Therapy students
and teachers with real examples of imaged and animated vocal tract movement in disordered and nondisordered speech
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