69 research outputs found
Comparison of vibrational dynamics, thermal behaviour, and phase transition in and
The differences between thermal and vibrational properties of and are reported. The differential scanning calorimetry revealed that tetraamminenickel(II) perrhenate exhibits, in the temperature range of 300–140 K, one phase transition at ca. T c h = 188 K (on heating) and T c c = 185 K (on cooling). In the case of hexaamminenickel(II) perrhenate, no phase transition was observed in the same temperature region. Thermogravimetric measurements showed that the decomposition proceeds in the two main stages. In the first stage, a complete deammination takes place and next is released. TG measurements showed that molecules are not equivalently bonded to central atom. The final and intermediate products of decomposition were analysed by means of infrared spectroscopy. The final product of thermal decomposition of both compounds is nickel(II) oxide. The analysis of far infrared spectra revealed that anions in have disturbed tetrahedral symmetry, whereas in they seem to form polymeric chains. The variation of the activation energies of the deammination and decomposition steps of was calculated through the model-free isoconversional Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method and model-free Kissinger method. Infrared spectra were calculated by the DFT method and quite a good agreement with the experimental data was obtained
Thermal properties of polycrystalline : crystal structure and phase transitions
The X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern
of [Mn(NH
3
)
6
](ClO
4
)
2
at room temperature can be indexed
in the regular (cubic) system (Fm
3m space group) with
lattice cell parameter
a
=
11.5729 A
̊
and with four mole-
cules per unit cell. The XRPD pattern at 100 K is evidently
different, and it indicates lowering of the crystal structure.
One phase transition at
T
h
C1
=
143.5 K (on heating) and at
T
c
C1
=
137.6 K (on cooling) was detected by DSC for
[Mn(NH
3
)
6
](ClO
4
)
2
in the range of 120–300 K. The fol-
lowing thermodynamic parameters for phase I
$
phase II
transition were obtained:
D
H
=
3.1
±
0.2 kJ mol
-
1
and
D
S
=
21.6
±
0.3 J mol
-
1
K
-
1
. The large value of entropy
changes (
D
S
) indicates considerable configurational disor-
der in the high temperature phase. The presence of 5.9 K
hysteresis of the phase transition temperature at
T
C
and
sharpness of the heat flow anomaly attest that the detected
phase transition is of the first-order type. Appearing of the
two new bands (splitting of
d
s
(HNH)
F
1u
mode) in FT-MIR
spectra at the vicinity of 1200 cm
-
1
suggests that the phase
transition undergoes a change of the crystal structure
Molecular foundations of chilling-tolerance of modern maize
Gene Ontology categories of GO class “Molecular Function” significantly over-represented among transcripts down-regulated by cold treatment in S50676 inbred line. (PDF 233 kb
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