4 research outputs found

    The Effects of Cocaine on Different Redox Forms of Cysteine and Homocysteine, and on Labile, Reduced Sulfur in the Rat Plasma Following Active versus Passive Drug Injections

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    Received: 28 November 2012 / Revised: 19 April 2013 / Accepted: 6 May 2013 / Published online: 16 May 2013 The Author(s) 2013. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.comThe aim of the present studies was to evaluate cocaine-induced changes in the concentrations of different redox forms of cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy), and products of anaerobic Cys metabolism, i.e., labile, reduced sulfur (LS) in the rat plasma. The above-mentioned parameters were determined after i.p. acute and subchronic cocaine treatment as well as following i.v. cocaine self-administration using the yoked procedure. Additionally, Cys, Hcy, and LS levels were measured during the 10-day extinction training in rats that underwent i.v. cocaine administration. Acute i.p. cocaine treatment increased the total and protein-bound Hcy contents, decreased LS, and did not change the concentrations of Cys fractions in the rat plasma. In turn, subchronic i.p. cocaine administration significantly increased free Hcy and lowered the total and protein-bound Cys concentrations while LS level was unchanged. Cocaine self-administration enhanced the total and protein-bound Hcy levels, decreased LS content, and did not affect the Cys fractions. On the other hand, yoked cocaine infusions did not alter the concentration of Hcy fractions while decreased the total and protein-bound Cys and LS content. This extinction training resulted in the lack of changes in the examined parameters in rats with a history of cocaine self-administration while in the yoked cocaine group an increase in the plasma free Cys fraction and LS was seen. Our results demonstrate for the first time that cocaine does evoke significant changes in homeostasis of thiol amino acids Cys and Hcy, and in some products of anaerobic Cys metabolism, which are dependent on the way of cocaine administration

    Application of DTW algorithm as a tool in speaker identification

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    W artykule om贸wiono problemy zwi膮zane z identyfikacj膮 m贸wcy i przedstawiono propozycj臋 procedury u艂atwiaj膮cej proces identyfikacji w cz臋艣ci akustycznej. Koncepcja opiera si臋 na metodach programowania dynamicznego, a w szczeg贸lno艣ci algorytmu znanego jako DTW (dynamic time warping). Przeprowadzone zosta艂y testy wskazuj膮ce na przydatno艣膰 proponowanej procedury przy pr贸bie ustalenia, kt贸re samog艂oski oraz formanty pozwalaj膮 dostatecznie zr贸偶nicowa膰 m贸wc贸w, dostatecznie indywidualizuj膮c ka偶dego z nich.The paper discusses issues concerning forensic speaker identification and proposes a procedure simplifying the process of speaker identification in the acoustic scope. The idea revolves around methods of dynamic programming, especially the DTW (dynamic time warping) algorithm described further in the paper. Tests which were carried out demonstrated the usefulness of the suggested procedure when trying to determine which vowels and formants are the best differentiating and characterizing a speaker

    Clinical, multicenter treatment of patients with spinal muscular atrophy - the experience in Poland

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    Rdzeniowy zanik mi臋艣ni (Spinal Muscular Atrophy, SMA) jest genetycznie uwarunkowanym post臋puj膮cym schorzeniem charakteryzuj膮cym si臋 przedwczesnym obumieraniem kom贸rek ruchowych rdzenia kr臋gowego, kt贸rym szacunkowo w Polsce dotkni臋tych jest obecnie ok. 1200 os贸b. W pracy zaprezentowana jest analiza odpowiedzi na zaproponowan膮 przez autor贸w ankiet臋 badawcz膮, kt贸ra zosta艂a rozes艂ana do ponad 30 krajowych o艣rodk贸w lecz膮cych SMA, zar贸wno u pacjent贸w doros艂ych jak i dotkni臋tych ni膮 dzieci. Zgromadzone dane o blisko 247 leczonych w Polsce pacjent贸w doros艂ych oraz 286 dzieci, pozwoli艂y przy u偶yciu zaawansowanych narz臋dzi statystycznych, na wyci膮gni臋cie istotnych wniosk贸w dotycz膮cych obecnej sytuacji terapeutycznej SMA w skali kraju. Ustalono rozk艂ad wiekowy pacjent贸w z SMA i na jej podstawie wyznaczono zmiany warto艣ci 艣redniej masy cia艂a i jej mediany w zale偶no艣ci od typu SMA i liczby kopii genu SMN2. Przeanalizowano zale偶no艣膰 wyst臋powania skoliozy oraz czynnik贸w ryzyka jej wyst膮pienia u pacjent贸w z SMA. W tym kontek艣cie przedstawiono r贸wnie偶 dane dotycz膮ce obecnych metod leczenia pacjent贸w, w szczeg贸lno艣ci z wykorzystaniem nusinersenu i wskazano g艂贸wn膮 przyczyn臋 zaprzestania terapii tym preparatem. Dane przedstawione w pracy mog膮 by膰 przydatne w optymalizacji oraz ocenie skuteczno艣ci leczenia. Jednocze艣nie praca nakre艣la podstawowy obraz do艣wiadczenia pacjenta i opiekuna z SMA w erze po leczeniu, w tym zmiany jako艣ci 偶ycia z roku na rok w wyniku stosowania nowych terapii i lepszej opieki.stanu zagro偶enia 偶ycia. Celem pracy jest podsumowanie informacji na temat dotychczas opublikowanych objaw贸w neurologicznych COVID-19 w populacji pediatrycznej, ocena mo偶liwych patomechanizm贸w ich powstawania oraz por贸wnanie z objawami wyst臋puj膮cymi u doros艂ych.Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a genetically determined progressive disease characterized by the premature death of motor cells of the spinal cord, which currently affects approximately 1,200 people in Poland. The study presents an analysis of responses in the research questionnaire sent to over 30 national centers treating SMA, both in adult and children patients. The collected data on 247 adult patients and 286 children treated in Poland was processed with advanced statistical tools. The aim was to draw significant conclusions about the current therapeutic situation of SMA patients in the country. The age distribution was determined. The changes in average and median body weight were established depending on the type of SMA and the number of SMN2 gene copies. The relationship between scoliosis occurrence and risk factors for its occurrence in patients with SMA was analyzed. In this context, data on the current methods of treating patients, particularly with the use of nusinersen, was presented and the main reason for discontinuing the medication was indicated. Finally, the work outlines a basic picture of the patient鈥檚 and caregiver鈥檚 experience with SMA in the post-treatment era, including changes in quality of life, year by year, due to new therapies and better care
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