Caracterização dos hábitos de E-commerce

O fenómeno do e-commerce tem vindo a crescer em Portugal e jáa faz parte do dia-a-dia dos portugueses, complementarmente e/ou em alternativa ao comercio tradicional. Por isso, cada vez mais as empresas procuram compreender as tendências que moldam o comportamento do consumidor online e podem influenciar as suas praticas de consumo. Nesse sentido, este estudo tem como objetivo geral caracterizar os hábitos de e-commerce dos portugueses com 18 ou mais anos. Para o efeito foi elaborado um questionário e recolhida uma amostra pelo processo de amostragem em bola de neve. No processo de analise de dados, foram utilizadas as técnicas Analise de Correspondências Multiplas, função de Fisher resultante da Analise Discriminante e Regressão Logística, também com o objectivo de compreender a coerência entre os resultados e a complementariedade entre elas. Participaram no estudo 400 indivíduos, sendo a maioria mulheres (58%), residentes em diversos distritos de Portugal, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 71 anos, tendo a maior parte um grau de instrução universitária. Os resultados permitiram concluir quais os produtos e serviços com maior compra/adesão online para cada um dos sexos, assim como inferir sobre as principais vantagens e desvantagens associadas a compra online, para ambos os sexos e para compradores e nao compradores. No que diz respeito a perceção de segurança nas compras online, este estudo revelou que metade dos participantes consideram este modo de compra seguro, sendo os fatores mais importantes para a percepcão de segurança a credibilidade da empresa/marca do produto e a variedade de meios de pagamento disponíveis; Abstract: CHARACTERIZATION OF E-COMMERCE BEHAVIOR The phenomenon of e-commerce has been growing in Portugal and is already part of the day to day life of the Portuguese, complementary and/or alternatively to traditional trade. Therefore, more and more companies seek to understand the trends shaping the online consumer behavior that can influence their consumption practices. In this sense, this study has the general objective to characterize the e-commerce habits of the Portuguese with 18 or more years. For this purpose, a questionnaire was prepared and a sample was collected with a snowball sampling process. In the process of data analysis, we used the following techniques: Multiple Correspondence Analysis, Fisher function resulting from the Discriminant Analysis and Logistic Regression. This study also has the aim of understanding the consistency between the results and the complementarity among these techniques. In this study, participated 400 individuals, the majority being women (58%), resident in several districts of Portugal, aged between 18 and 71 years, with most having a degree of university education. The results allowed to know the goods and services with higher purchase/online adherence by gender, as well as to inference about the main advantages and disadvantages associated with online shopping, for both sexes and for both buyers and no buyers. With regard to the security perception in online shopping, this study revealed that half of the participants consider online buying safe, and that the most important factors for the security perception are the credibility of the company / brand of the product and the variety of media available payment

Non-Invasive Ventilation: Experience at an Internal Medicine Service

Introdução: A ventilação não invasiva (VNI) é uma forma de suporte ventilatório não invasivo, com benefícios comprovados em diversas patologias. O objetivo foi avaliar as indicações da VNI em doentes com insuficiência respiratória e identificar fatores preditivos da resposta à VNI. Material e Métodos: Análise retrospetiva dos processos clínicos de doentes submetidos a VNI, internados no Serviço de Medicina, entre Janeiro e Dezembro de 2014. Resultados: Incluídos 54 doentes, com idade média de 82,2 anos (± 8,4). Quarenta e quatro doentes apresentavam patologias que são consideradas indicações, com níveis de evidência estabelecida, para utilização de VNI: 33 (75,0%) tinham insuficiência cardíaca descompensada, cinco (11,4%) exacerbação aguda da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica, quatro (9,1%) síndrome de obesidade-hipoventilação e dois (4,5%) pneumonia no imunocomprometido. A taxa de falência foi 20,5%. Nos restantes doentes, a VNI foi utilizada na pneumonia no imunocompetente, choque séptico e intoxicação por benzodiazepinas. A taxa de falência foi 70,0%. Verificou-se uma melhoria estatisticamente significativa nos parâmetros gasométricos duas horas após a VNI nos doentes com patologia com níveis de evidência estabelecida para VNI e nos doentes em que não houve falência desta modalidade ventilatória. Conclusão: Na nossa amostra a taxa falência da VNI foi bastante inferior nos doentes que cumpriam as indicações formais para a VNI. Assim, apesar da crescente utilização da VNI, a seleção criteriosa dos doentes constitui uma etapa essencial para o seu sucesso. O melhor preditor do sucesso da VNI foi a boa resposta após 1 a 2 horas de terapêutica.Introduction: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a non-intrusive form of ventilatory support, with proven benefits in several clinical conditions. The objective was to assess NIV indications in patients with respiratory insufficiency and to identify predictors of NIV response. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of the clinical processes of patients undergoing NIV, admitted to Internal Medicine, between January and December 2014. Results: Study included 54 patients, with a mean age of 82.2 years (± 8.4). Forty-four patients had pathologies that are considered indications, with established evidence of the need of NIV: 33 (75.0%) had heart failure, five (11.4%) acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, four (9.1%) obesity hypoventilation syndrome and two (4.5%) severe immunocompromised pneumonia. The failure rate was 20.5%. In the remaining 10 patients, NIV was used in severe immunocompetent pneumonia, septic shock and benzodiazepine intoxication, with a failure rate of 70.0%. There was a statistically significant improvement in gasometer parameters two hours after NIV in patients demonstrating clear evidence for the need of NIV and in patients in whom there was no failure of this ventilatory modality. Conclusion: In our sample the failure rate of NIV was significantly lower in patients who complied with the formal indications for the initiation of this type of ventilation. Thus, despite the increasing use of NIV, careful patient selection is an essential step in its success. The best predictor of NIV success was good response after 1 to 2 hours of therapy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

CONSUMO E DESEMPENHO DE BOVINOS DE APTIDÃO LEITEIRA EM CONFINAMENTO ALIMENTADOS COM GLICEROL

This study was conducted to evaluate the nutrients intake and the productive performance ofdairy cows and steers fed diets containing glycerol. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 4 glycerol levels (0, 6, 12 and 24%) x2sexes (steers and cows) and three replications. The consumption of dry matter (DM) crude protein (CP) and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) were not affected by inclusion of glycerol in the diets of cows and steers.However, there was a linear decrease in the consumption of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (g/kg BW) for cows, but it did not affect the consumption of NDF and ethereal extract (EE) for steers when expressed in kg/day, but showed a quadratic response to NDF intake expressed as%BW and a linear decrease for the consumption of EE expressed in g/kgBW0.75 and %BW. The cows showed a higher intake of DM, CP, NDF, NFC, expressed in kg/day, than the steers, when the diets included 6 and 12% glycerol and higher intakes of DM, NDF and NFC, expressed in g/kg/BW0.75, when diet included 6% glycerol. The daily weight gain was not affected by the inclusion of glycerol. We concluded that glycerol can be included up to 24% of total DM of diets ofdairy steers and cows without compromising animal performance

Nationwide access to endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke in portugal

Publisher Copyright: Copyright Ordem dos M dicos 2021.Introduction: Since the publication of endovascular treatment trials and European Stroke Guidelines, Portugal has re-organized stroke healthcare. The nine centers performing endovascular treatment are not equally distributed within the country, which may lead to differential access to endovascular treatment. Our main aim was to perform a descriptive analysis of the main treatment metrics regarding endovascular treatment in mainland Portugal and its administrative districts. Material and Methods: A retrospective national multicentric cohort study was conducted, including all ischemic stroke patients treated with endovascular treatment in mainland Portugal over two years (July 2015 to June 2017). All endovascular treatment centers contributed to an anonymized database. Demographic, stroke-related and procedure-related variables were collected. Crude endovascular treatment rates were calculated per 100 000 inhabitants for mainland Portugal, and each district and endovascular treatment standardized ratios (indirect age-sex standardization) were also calculated. Patient time metrics were computed as the median time between stroke onset, first-door, and puncture. Results: A total of 1625 endovascular treatment procedures were registered. The endovascular treatment rate was 8.27/100 000 inhabitants/year. We found regional heterogeneity in endovascular treatment rates (1.58 to 16.53/100 000/year), with higher rates in districts closer to endovascular treatment centers. When analyzed by district, the median time from stroke onset to puncture ranged from 212 to 432 minutes, reflecting regional heterogeneity. Discussion: Overall endovascular treatment rates and procedural times in Portugal are comparable to other international registries. We found geographic heterogeneity, with lower endovascular treatment rates and longer onset-to-puncture time in southern and inner regions. Conclusion: The overall national rate of EVT in the first two years after the organization of EVT-capable centers is one of the highest among European countries, however, significant regional disparities were documented. Moreover, stroke-onset-to-first-door times and in-hospital procedural times in the EVT centers were comparable to those reported in the randomized controlled trials performed in high-volume tertiary hospitalspublishersversionpublishe

Acesso a Tratamento Endovascular para Acidente Vascular Cerebral Isquémico em Portugal

Introduction: Since the publication of endovascular treatment trials and European Stroke Guidelines, Portugal has re-organized stroke healthcare. The nine centers performing endovascular treatment are not equally distributed within the country, which may lead to differential access to endovascular treatment. Our main aim was to perform a descriptive analysis of the main treatment metrics regarding endovascular treatment in mainland Portugal and its administrative districts. Material and Methods: A retrospective national multicentric cohort study was conducted, including all ischemic stroke patients treated with endovascular treatment in mainland Portugal over two years (July 2015 to June 2017). All endovascular treatment centers contributed to an anonymized database. Demographic, stroke-related and procedure-related variables were collected. Crude endovascular treatment rates were calculated per 100 000 inhabitants for mainland Portugal, and each district and endovascular treatment standardized ratios (indirect age-sex standardization) were also calculated. Patient time metrics were computed as the median time between stroke onset, first-door, and puncture. Results: A total of 1625 endovascular treatment procedures were registered. The endovascular treatment rate was 8.27/100 000 inhabitants/year. We found regional heterogeneity in endovascular treatment rates (1.58 to 16.53/100 000/year), with higher rates in districts closer to endovascular treatment centers. When analyzed by district, the median time from stroke onset to puncture ranged from 212 to 432 minutes, reflecting regional heterogeneity. Conclusion: The overall national rate of EVT in the first two years after the organization of EVT-capable centers is one of the highest among European countries, however, significant regional disparities were documented. Moreover, stroke-onset-to-first-door times and in-hospital procedural times in the EVT centers were comparable to those reported in the randomized controlled trials performed in high-volume tertiary hospitals.Introdução: A aprovação do tratamento endovascular para o acidente vascular cerebral isquémico obrigou à reorganização dos cuidados de saúde em Portugal. Os nove centros que realizam tratamento endovascular não estão distribuídos equitativamente pelo território, o que poderá causar acesso diferencial a tratamento. O principal objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma análise descritiva da frequência e métricas temporais do tratamento endovascular em Portugal continental e seus distritos. Material e Métodos: Estudo de coorte nacional multicêntrico, incluindo todos os doentes com acidente vascular cerebral isquémico submetidos a tratamento endovascular em Portugal continental durante um período de dois anos (julho 2015 a junho 2017). Foram colhidos dados demográficos, relacionados com o acidente vascular cerebral e variáveis do procedimento. Taxas de tratamento endovascular brutas e ajustadas (ajuste indireto a idade e sexo) foram calculadas por 100 000 habitantes/ano para Portugal continental e cada distrito. Métricas de procedimento como tempo entre instalação, primeira porta e punção foram também analisadas. Resultados: Foram registados 1625 tratamentos endovasculares, indicando uma taxa bruta nacional de tratamento endovascular de 8,27/100 000 habitantes/ano. As taxas de tratamento endovascular entre distritos variaram entre 1,58 e 16,53/100 000/ano, com taxas mais elevadas nos distritos próximos a hospitais com tratamento endovascular. O tempo entre sintomas e punção femural entre distritos variou entre 212 e 432 minutos. Conclusão: Portugal continental apresenta uma taxa nacional de tratamento endovascular elevada, apresentando, contudo, assimetrias regionais no acesso. As métricas temporais foram comparáveis com as observadas nos ensaios clínicos piloto