Genomics and epidemiology for gastric adenocarcinomas (GE4GAC): a Brazilian initiative to study gastric cancer

Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common type of cancer worldwide with high incidences in Asia, Central, and South American countries. This patchy distribution means that GC studies are neglected by large research centers from developed countries. The need for further understanding of this complex disease, including the local importance of epidemiological factors and the rich ancestral admixture found in Brazil, stimulated the implementation of the GE4GAC project. GE4GAC aims to embrace epidemiological, clinical, molecular and microbiological data from Brazilian controls and patients with malignant and pre-malignant gastric disease. In this letter, we summarize the main goals of the project, including subject and sample accrual and current findings

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Purification and biochemical characterization of three myotoxins from bothrops mattogrossensis snake venom with toxicity against leishmania and tumor cells

Submitted by Claudete Queiroz ([email protected]) on 2016-05-03T17:49:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Three Myotoxins from Bothrops mattogrossensis Snake Venom with Toxicity against Leishmania and Tumor Cells.pdf: 2330661 bytes, checksum: d78a494a905fcd4ee4e7b030ef32d219 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by EMERSON LEAL ([email protected]) on 2016-05-17T13:55:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Three Myotoxins from Bothrops mattogrossensis Snake Venom with Toxicity against Leishmania and Tumor Cells.pdf: 2330661 bytes, checksum: d78a494a905fcd4ee4e7b030ef32d219 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-17T13:55:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Three Myotoxins from Bothrops mattogrossensis Snake Venom with Toxicity against Leishmania and Tumor Cells.pdf: 2330661 bytes, checksum: d78a494a905fcd4ee4e7b030ef32d219 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde. Departamento de Medicina. Núcleo de Saúde. Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde. Departamento de Medicina. Núcleo de Saúde. Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde. Departamento de Medicina. Núcleo de Saúde. Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde. Departamento de Medicina. Núcleo de Saúde. Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil. / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular. Niterói, RJ, Brazil.Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular. Niterói, RJ, Brazil.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.Universidade Federal de São João del Rei. Ouro Branco, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde. Departamento de Medicina. Núcleo de Saúde. Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil. / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde. Departamento de Medicina. Núcleo de Saúde. Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil. / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde. Departamento de Medicina. Núcleo de Saúde. Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil. / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas à Saúde. Departamento de Medicina. Núcleo de Saúde. Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil. / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Bothrops mattogrossensis snake is widely distributed throughout eastern South America and is responsible for snakebites in this region. This paper reports the purification and biochemical characterization of three new phospholipases A2 (PLA2s), one of which is presumably an enzymatically active Asp49 and two are very likely enzymatically inactive Lys49 PLA2 homologues. The purification was obtained after two chromatographic steps on ion exchange and reverse phase column. The 2D SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the proteins have pI values around 10, are each made of a single chain, and have molecular masses near 13 kDa, which was confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The N-terminal similarity analysis of the sequences showed that the proteins are highly homologous with other Lys49 and Asp49 PLA2s from Bothrops species. The PLA2s isolated were named BmatTX-I (Lys49 PLA2-like), BmatTX-II (Lys49 PLA2-like), and BmatTX-III (Asp49 PLA2). The PLA2s induced cytokine release frommouse neutrophils and showed cytotoxicity towards JURKAT (leukemia T) and SK-BR-3 (breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines and promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. The structural and functional elucidation of snake venoms components may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of these proteins during envenomation and their potential pharmacological and therapeutic applications

Genome sequence of the gram-positive sugarcane pathogen Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli

The genome sequence of Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli, which causes ratoon stunting disease and affects sugarcane worldwide, was determined. The single circular chromosome of Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli CTCB07 was 2.6 Mb in length with a GC content of 68% and 2,044 predicted open reading frames. The analysis also revealed 307 predicted pseudogenes, which is more than any bacterial plant pathogen sequenced to date. Many of these pseudogenes, if functional, would likely be involved in the degradation of plant heteropolysaccharides, uptake of free sugars, and synthesis of amino acids. Although L. xyli subsp. xyli has only been identified colonizing the xylem vessels of sugarcane, the numbers of predicted regulatory genes and sugar transporters are similar to those in free-living organisms. Some of the predicted pathogenicity genes appear to have been acquired by lateral transfer and include genes for cellulase, pectinase, wilt-inducing protein, lysozyme, and desaturase. The presence of the latter may contribute to stunting, since it is likely involved in the synthesis of abscisic acid, a hormone that arrests growth. Our findings are consistent with the nutritionally fastidious behavior exhibited by L. xyli subsp. xyli and suggest an ongoing adaptation to the restricted ecological niche it inhabits