Analysis of Secondary Amino Group Containing Drugs in Bulk Powder and Their Dosage form (Pharmaceutical Formulations)

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Experimental Study of Low Cost Multiple IMU Based Open-source Motion Sensing Platform for Data Logging in Seismic Shaking Table Test

Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) based inertial measurements units (IMUs) have become very popular in recent times because of low cost, small size and non-invasive nature.  One of the major domains of its use is design of wearable sensors for human motion sensing and analysis. As a result, number of open-source motion sensing hardware and software platform have come up. This paper presents experimental study of one such open-source wearable motion sensing platform, Oblu, for measuring structural response of models in seismic shaking table test. Required customization of open-source platform to meet needs of data logging in seismic shaking table test is discussed. Also, the details of post-test data processing and analysis done on another open-source platform Scilab is discussed. To compare the results of experimental study, analysis of similar model, subjected to identical test conditions, is performed using Structural Software for Analysis and Design SAP2000. The study shows potential of using low cost open-source motion sensing platform in comparison to expensive and proprietary accelerometer based data logging systems conventionally used for seismic shaking table tests

The Index Sorting Algorithm

Efficient sorting and searching are corner-stones in algorithm design. In computer science it has become a deep-rooted habit to use comparison-based methods to solve these problems. In this research paper we have come up with a new algorithm which we have named ‘The Index Sorting Algorithm’, that sorts given list of elements in the array in O(n) time and O(n) space complexity in worst case, better than any other sorting algorithm. The algorithm is very easy to implement and understand

Decoding the Volatile keyword in C through Assembly Code

The growing complexity and high efficiency requirements of embedded systems call for new code optimization techniques and architecture exploration, using re target able C and C++ compilers. The first commercial tools are already in industrial use. The volatile keyword is intended to prevent the compiler from applying any optimizations on objects that can change in ways that cannot be determined by the compiler. In this paper we have tried to decode this volatile keyword mystery by digging into the assembly code generated by implemented C program. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150713

An Overview of The Literature on Patient Safety Culture

The prevention of errors and negative consequences on patients associated with health care is referred to as patient safety. Healthcare has become more complex as new technologies, drugs, and treatments have become more widely available. Every year, 134 million adverse events occur in hospitals in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), resulting in 2.6 million deaths worldwide. Many medical practices and healthcare risks are emerging as critical issues for patient safety, significantly increasing the burden of harm caused by unsafe care. There are numerous predictors, including safety and risk management, medication errors, fall risks, unsafe surgical care procedures, diagnostic errors, hospital-acquired infections, and diagnostic errors, all of which pose a risk to patient safety measures. The role of a nurse surrounds the complete analysis of the solemn issue associated with the well-being and safety culture. Nurses contribute to patient safety by remaining at patients' bedsides and interacting with their families and other healthcare professionals

Study of automated hematology analyzer’s scatterplot patterns in white blood cell disorders

Background: Automated hematology analyzers produce scattergrams that can be used as screening tool for various hematological conditions and efficiently shorten turnaround times. Aim was to study scattergram patterns of various while blood cell disorders and assess their efficacy compared to a peripheral blood smear for diagnosis of various disorders. Methods: Scattergram findings generated by UniCel® DxH 800 automated hematology analyzer, a 5-part differential analyzer. The graphic displays have been compiled over a period of 3 months from blood samples received for CBC. Samples that the counter flagged as abnormal for white blood cell were chosen. Based on the scatterplots, a preliminary diagnosis was formed. It was compared with the peripheral blood smear (PBS) findings which were taken as the gold standard. Results: The scatterplots showed unique patterns for various disorders on the basis of location, shape, size, density of the cells and their clustering. The scattergram analyser showed 90% sensitivity and 88% specificity for diagnosing hematological disorders. A 97-100% accuracy rate was reported showing excellent correlation between PBS result and WBC parameter result in cell counter analyzers. Conclusions: Not all cases of haematological malignancy exhibit cytopenias or cytosis at initial presentation. Therefore, these scatter plots offer helpful information that prompts a hematopathologist to suspiciously screen the peripheral smear in cases with normal counts. Scattergram analysis suspects a diagnosis earlier than peripheral smear examination. Given their strong correlation with a variety of WBC disorders and confirmed by PBS, WBC scatterplots can be used as a screening tool

Robinson’s cytological grading of breast carcinoma: it’s prognostic implications and correlation with bloom Richardson’s histological grading of breast cancer

Background: Cytological grading on aspirates of breast carcinoma is a useful tool for surgical maneuver and prognosis. The aim of the study is to find out the utility of grading in malignant breast tumors using Robinson’s cytological grading on FNAC and correlating it with modified bloom-Richardson’s histopathological grading of breast carcinoma along with lymph node status assessment post-operatively by histopathological examination. Methods: This prospective study was carried out in 40 cases of invasive duct carcinoma of breast for a period of one and half year duration from December-2019 to July-2021. This study was done in department of pathology, Surat municipal institute of medical education and research (SMIMER), Surat. In all these cases the cytological diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination. All cases were graded by using Robinson’s grading system. All these cases were also correlate with bloom Richardson’s grading system on histopathology in mastectomy specimen. Result: Robinson’s cytological grading correlated well with bloom Richardson’s histopathological grading. In this study of forty cases, thirty-three cases (82.5%) show concordance between cytologic and histologic grading system. Rest of the seven cases (17.5%) show discrepancy. Conclusions: Thus, In the most of the cases, cytological grading of breast carcinomas correlate with histopathological grading and may be useful as a prognostic marker. It was concluded that the cytological grading should be included in all FNAC reports. So that appropriate decision regarding the preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be made and overtreatment of low-grade cancers has been avoided

Investigation of Marangoni condensation of binary mixtures

PhDIt is a well-known phenomenon that during Marangoni condensation of binary mixtures, a small concentration of more volatile constituent with smaller surface tension gives significant heat transfer enhancements. This is due to surface tension gradients causing instability in condensate film, resulting in a pseudo-dropwise mode of condensation which resembles closely to dropwise condensation of pure fluid on the hydrophobic surface, consequently, the film gets thinner with lower thermal resistance across the condensate film and thus higher heat transfer coefficient is achieved. Marangoni condensation of steam-ethanol mixtures has been widely investigated in the past. However, Marangoni condensation of self-rewetting fluids e.g. steam-butanol is yet to be investigated where the constituent in a small concentration is a less volatile component. Marangoni condensation of steam-ethanol, steam-butanol and steam-propanol mixtures has been investigated on a horizontal smooth tube at an atmospheric pressure. For all experiments, concentrations by mass in the boiler feed when cold prior to start of the experiment were 0.001%, 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0%. The coolant temperature rise was measured accurately with a ten-junction thermopile. Tube wall temperature was measured using four thermocouples embedded in the test tube wall. Effects of pressure and vapour velocity over a wide range of vapour-to-surface temperature difference have been investigated. Care was taken to avoid error due to the presence of air in the vapour. Marangoni condensation of steam-butanol and steam propanol mixtures show significant heat transfer enhancements compared with that of steam-ethanol mixtures. Higher Heat flux and heat-transfer coefficients were observed. For the steam-ethanol mixtures, enhancement ratio (heat flux or heat-transfer coefficient divided by the corresponding value for pure steam condensation on a horizontal smooth tube for the same vapour-to-surface temperature difference and vapour velocity) of 5.5 was found at an ethanol concentration of 0.01%. For steam-butanol mixtures, the maximum enhancement ratio was found to be 11 at a concentration of 0.005% and 0.01%. For steam-propanol mixtures, the maximum enhancement ratio of 8.5 was found at the same mass concentrations as steam-butanol mixtures. Enhancement ratio was generally higher at lower ethanol concentrations, increases at first with increasing vapour-to-surface temperature difference and subsequently decreases at high vapour-to-surface temperature difference. Finally, a semi-empirical model was proposed to predict the Marangoni condensation of steam-ethanol mixtures based on the vapour phase diffusion theory of Sparrow and Marchall (1969) and pure steam dropwise theory of Rose (2002)