The Effects and Influential Factors of Employee’s Knowledge Integration Capability in the Convergence Environment

Knowledge integration is becoming a primary function of improving organizational capabilities and performance in today’s convergence environment in which the integration of individual knowledge is the source of organizational knowledge creation for new product and service development. This study investigates the influential factors of employee’s knowledge integration capability and its effects. A theoretical research model was developed based on knowledge creation, socio-technical, and information processing perspectives. In particular, the model proposes a positive relationship between the knowledge integration capability of employees and their knowledge creation output. The model also includes organic organizational structure, teamwork quality, expertise, IT support, and knowledge complexity as the influential factors of an employee’s knowledge integration capability. A large-scale survey was conducted for data gathering (a total of 316 samples from 141 organizations) to test the proposed model. The analysis results of the hypotheses test show that expertise and knowledge complexity are the significant influential factors of employee’s knowledge integration capability. In turn, this capability has a positive effect on the knowledge creation output of employees. The results of this study will contribute to the development of initiatives for promoting knowledge integration in the development processes of convergence products and services

Racial differences in the applicability of Bronfenbrenner's ecological model for adolescent bullying involvement

Objectives: Social scientists have devoted much theoretical and empirical attention to studying the correlates of bullying perpetration and victimization. Much less attention has been devoted to studying race differences in the correlates of bullying behaviors despite the importance of these when designing effective and focused prevention and intervention programs. Methods: Utilizing data from the 2009 to 2010 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study in the United States, this study applies Bronfenbrenner's ecological model to bullying in order to examine how various interrelated systems are associated with bullying perpetration, victimization, and their concordance in a nationally representative sample of adolescents. Results: Findings shown important similarities, as well as some differences, across race in how key parental and peer relationships relate to aspects of involvement in bullying. Directions for future research are noted

Racial differences in the applicability of Bronfenbrenner's ecological model for adolescent bullying involvement

Objectives: Social scientists have devoted much theoretical and empirical attention to studying the correlates of bullying perpetration and victimization. Much less attention has been devoted to studying race differences in the correlates of bullying behaviors despite the importance of these when designing effective and focused prevention and intervention programs. Methods: Utilizing data from the 2009 to 2010 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study in the United States, this study applies Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model to bullying in order to examine how various interrelated systems are associated with bullying perpetration, victimization, and their concordance in a nationally representative sample of adolescents. Results: Findings shown important similarities, as well as some differences, across race in how key parental and peer relationships relate to aspects of involvement in bullying. Directions for future research are noted

Identification and Functional Analysis of Light-Responsive Unique Genes and Gene Family Members in Rice

Functional redundancy limits detailed analysis of genes in many organisms. Here, we report a method to efficiently overcome this obstacle by combining gene expression data with analysis of gene-indexed mutants. Using a rice NSF45K oligo-microarray to compare 2-week-old light- and dark-grown rice leaf tissue, we identified 365 genes that showed significant 8-fold or greater induction in the light relative to dark conditions. We then screened collections of rice T-DNA insertional mutants to identify rice lines with mutations in the strongly light-induced genes. From this analysis, we identified 74 different lines comprising two independent mutant lines for each of 37 light-induced genes. This list was further refined by mining gene expression data to exclude genes that had potential functional redundancy due to co-expressed family members (12 genes) and genes that had inconsistent light responses across other publicly available microarray datasets (five genes). We next characterized the phenotypes of rice lines carrying mutations in ten of the remaining candidate genes and then carried out co-expression analysis associated with these genes. This analysis effectively provided candidate functions for two genes of previously unknown function and for one gene not directly linked to the tested biochemical pathways. These data demonstrate the efficiency of combining gene family-based expression profiles with analyses of insertional mutants to identify novel genes and their functions, even among members of multi-gene families

NiH-Catalyzed Proximal-Selective Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes

© 2020 American Chemical Society. Reported herein is a modular, NiH-catalyzed system capable of proximal-selective hydroamination of unactivated alkenes with diverse amine sources. The key to the successful implementation of this approach is the promotion of NiH insertion into even highly substituted olefins via coordination of the bidentate directing group to the nickel complex. A wide range of primary and secondary amines can be installed in both internal and terminal unactivated alkenes with excellent regiocontrol under the optimized reaction conditions. This protocol is flexible and general for the preparation of a variety of valuable β- and γ-amino acid building blocks that would otherwise be difficult to synthesize. The utility of this transformation was further demonstrated by the site-selective late-stage modification of complex and medicinally relevant molecules. Combined experimental and computational studies illuminate the detailed reaction mechanism11Nsciescopu

γ-Selective C(sp3)–H amination via controlled migratory hydroamination

© 2021, The Author(s).Remote functionalization of alkenes via chain walking has generally been limited to C(sp3)–H bonds α and β to polar-functional units, while γ-C(sp3)–H functionalization through controlled alkene transposition is a longstanding challenge. Herein, we describe NiH-catalyzed migratory formal hydroamination of alkenyl amides achieved via chelation-assisted control, whereby various amino groups are installed at the γ-position of aliphatic chains. By tuning olefin isomerization and migratory hydroamination through ligand and directing group optimization, γ-selective amination can be achieved via stabilization of a 6-membered nickellacycle by an 8-aminoquinoline directing group and subsequent interception by an aminating reagent. A range of amines can be installed at the γ-C(sp3)–H bond of unactivated alkenes with varying alkyl chain lengths, enabling late-stage access to value-added γ-aminated products. Moreover, by employing picolinamide-coupled alkene substrates, this approach is further extended to δ-selective amination. The chain-walking mechanism and pathway selectivity are investigated by experimental and computational methods.11Nsciescopu

Regio- and Stereoselective Functionalization Enabled by Bidentate Directing Groups

© 2021 The Chemical Society of Japan & Wiley-VCH GmbHChelation-assisted C−H bond and alkene functionalization using bidentate directing groups offers an elegant and versatile approach to overcome regiocontrol issues by allowing the catalyst to come into close proximity with the targeted sites. In this personal account, we highlight our recent works in developing regio- and stereocontrolled functionalizations through transition-metal catalysis enabled by bidentate directing groups. We classify our results into two categories: (1) regioselective alkene functionalization using bidentate directing groups, and (2) asymmetric C–H functionalization using chiral bidentate directing groups. Furthermore, density functional theory studies to elucidate the origin of the regio- and stereoselectivity exerted by bidentate directing groups are discussed.11Nsciescopu

Visible-Light-Induced ortho-Selective Migration on Pyridyl Ring: Trifluoromethylative Pyridylation of Unactivated Alkenes

The photocatalyzed ortho-selective migration on a pyridyl ring has been achieved for the site-selective trifluoromethylative pyridylation of unactivated alkenes. The overall process is initiated by the selective addition of a CF3 radical to the alkene to provide a nucleophilic alkyl radical intermediate, which enables an intramolecular endo addition exclusively to the ortho-position of the pyridinium salt. Both secondary and tertiary alkyl radicals are well-suited for addition to the C2-position of pyridinium salts to ultimately provide synthetically valuable C2-fluoroalkyl functionalized pyridines. Moreover, the method was successfully applied to the reaction with P-centered radicals. The utility of this transformation was further demonstrated by the late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules. C. 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim11sciescopu