Choosing legumes and perennial grasses

Many letters are received annually by the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station requesting information on the different legumes and grasses. This publication has been prepared to answer the more important questions pertaining to the choice of legumes and grasses for different uses and conditions.2 Legumes of greatest value for different uses or soil conditions in Iowa are (1) alfalfa, (2) medium red clover, (3) mammoth red clover, (4) alsike clover, (5) white clover, (6) the biennial white and yellow sweet clovers, (7) hubam clover, (the annual white sweet clover) (8) Korean lespedeza, (9) dalea and (10) soybeans. A discussion of soybeans is largely omitted in this publication since the growing of this crop is entirely different from that of the others.

2-Butanone production by introducing different diol dehydratases into <i>K</i>. <i>peneumoniae</i> HR526.

<p>ND: not detectable</p><p>2-Butanone production by introducing different diol dehydratases into <i>K</i>. <i>peneumoniae</i> HR526.</p

Effect of coenzyme B12 addition for 2-butanone production by <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> LDH526/pHSG-lbpdu.

<p>(A) 2,3-butanediol production; (B) Cell growth; (C) 2-butanone synthesis; (D) glucose consumption. The cells were cultivated in 250 ml shake flask with 100 ml of fermentation medium with (1 μM) or without coenzyme B12 at 37°C, 250 rpm.</p

Strains used in this study.

<p>Strains used in this study.</p

2-Butanone production by <i>K</i>. <i>peneumoniae</i> HR526/pHSG-lbpdu and <i>K</i>. <i>peneumoniae</i> LDH 526/pHSG-lbpdu.

<p>2-Butanone production by <i>K</i>. <i>peneumoniae</i> HR526/pHSG-lbpdu and <i>K</i>. <i>peneumoniae</i> LDH 526/pHSG-lbpdu.</p

Metabolic pathway for 2-butanone production in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.

<p>Metabolic pathway for 2-butanone production in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.</p

Enzyme kinetics of glycerol dehydratases and diol dehydratases.

<p>All of 2, 3-butanediol used in this table is meso-2, 3-butanediol. KODDH: Diol dehydratase from <i>K</i>. <i>oxytoca</i>; LBDDH: Diol dehydratase from <i>L</i>. <i>brevis</i>; SEDDH: Diol dehydratase from <i>S</i>. <i>enterica</i>; KPGDH: Glycerol dehydratase from <i>K</i>. <i>pneumoniae</i>; CFGDH: Glycerol dehydratase from <i>C</i>. <i>freundii</i>; LRGDH: Glycerol dehydratase from <i>L</i>. <i>reuteri</i>.</p><p>Enzyme kinetics of glycerol dehydratases and diol dehydratases.</p

Reappraising Medfly Longevity

<p>The solid lines represent mean differences, and the dotted lines represent 95%LoA. <i>A</i>: Comparison between K_cal and K_actual. <i>B</i>: Comparison between K_1.3315 and K_actual. <i>C</i>: Comparison between K_1.3375 and K_actual. Kcal was calculated with the mean keratometric index of 1.3299 obtained in this study. K_1.3315 was calculated with the keratometric index of 1.3315 obtained from the Gullstrand schematic eye. K_1.3375 was calculated with the conventional keratometric index of 1.3375.</p

Functional Fcgamma Receptor Polymorphisms Are Associated with Human Allergy

<div><p>Objective</p><p>IgG Fc receptors (FcγRs) play important roles in immune responses. It is not clear whether FcγR receptors play a role in human asthma and allergy. The aim of current study was to investigate whether functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FcγR genes (<i>FCGR</i>) are associated with human asthma and allergy.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Functional SNPs of <i>FCGR2A</i> (FcγRIIA-131His>Arg, rs1801274), <i>FCGR2B</i> (FcγRIIB-187Ile>Thr, rs1050501), <i>FCGR2C (</i>FcγRIIC-13Gln>Stop, rs10917661), <i>FCGR3A</i> (FcγRIIIA-158Val>Phe, rs396991), and <i>FCGR3B</i> variants (FcγRIIIB NA1 and NA2) were genotyped in an asthma family cohort including 370 atopy positive, 239 atopy negative, and 169 asthma positive subjects. The genotype and phenotype data (asthma, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, and atopy) of subjects were analyzed using family-based association tests (FBAT) and logistic regression adjusted for age and sex.</p><p>Result</p><p>The FcγRIIA-131His>Arg SNP is significantly associated with atopy in a family-based association test (<i>P</i> = 0.00287) and in a logistic regression analysis (<i>P</i> = 0.0269, OR 0.732, 95% CI: 0.555–0.965). The FcγRIIA-131His (or rs1801274-A) allele capable of binding human IgG2 has a protective role against atopy. In addition, the rare FcγRIIB-187Thr (or rs1050501-C) allele defective for the receptor-mediated inhibitory signals is a risk factor for atopy (<i>P</i> = 0.0031, OR 1.758, 95% CI: 1.209–2.556) and IgE production (<i>P</i><0.001). However, variants of activating FcγRIIIA (rs396991), and FcγRIIIB (NA1 and NA2), and FcγRIIC (rs10917661) are not associated with asthma, BHR, and atopy (<i>P</i>>0.05).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>FcγRIIA and FcγRIIB functional polymorphisms may have a role in the pathogenesis of allergy.</p></div

Multiple variables graph in the untreated group.

<p>EKR1/2/3/4/4.5/5/6/7, Equivalent Keratometry Readings in 1 mm /2 mm/3 mm/4 mm/4.5 mm/5 mm/6 mm/7 mm zone; SimK, mean Simulated Keratometry obtained by Pentacam HR; K_net, the true net power obtained by Pentacam HR.</p