29 research outputs found
Linear and Range Counting under Metric-based Local Differential Privacy
Local differential privacy (LDP) enables private data sharing and analytics
without the need for a trusted data collector. Error-optimal primitives (for,
e.g., estimating means and item frequencies) under LDP have been well studied.
For analytical tasks such as range queries, however, the best known error bound
is dependent on the domain size of private data, which is potentially
prohibitive. This deficiency is inherent as LDP protects the same level of
indistinguishability between any pair of private data values for each data
downer.
In this paper, we utilize an extension of -LDP called Metric-LDP or
-LDP, where a metric defines heterogeneous privacy guarantees for
different pairs of private data values and thus provides a more flexible knob
than does to relax LDP and tune utility-privacy trade-offs. We show
that, under such privacy relaxations, for analytical workloads such as linear
counting, multi-dimensional range counting queries, and quantile queries, we
can achieve significant gains in utility. In particular, for range queries
under -LDP where the metric is the -distance function scaled by
, we design mechanisms with errors independent on the domain sizes;
instead, their errors depend on the metric , which specifies in what
granularity the private data is protected. We believe that the primitives we
design for -LDP will be useful in developing mechanisms for other analytical
tasks, and encourage the adoption of LDP in practice
Evaluation of gliadins-diglycosylated cyanidins interaction from litchi pericarp through ultraviolet and fluorescence measurements
The low stability of anthocyanins limits their use in industry, which can be surpassed by gliadins linkage. This work was aimed to study the anthocyanins-gliadins bonding properties. HPLC-DAD-ESI-M..
Recovery of oil with unsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols from chaenomelessinensis (Thouin) Koehne: Process optimization of pilot-scale subcritical fluid assisted extraction
The potential effects of three modern extraction technologies (cold-pressing, microwaves and subcritical fluids) on the recovery of oil from Chaenomelessinensis (Thouin) Koehne seeds have been evaluated and compared to those of conventional chemical extraction methods (Soxhlet extraction). This oil contains unsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols. Subcritical fluid extraction (SbFE) provided the highest yield—25.79 g oil/100 g dry seeds—of the three methods. Moreover, the fatty acid composition in the oil samples was analysed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. This analysis showed that the percentages of monounsaturated (46.61%), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (42.14%), after applying SbFE were higher than those obtained by Soxhlet, cold-pressing or microwave-assisted extraction. In addition, the oil obtained under optimized SbFE conditions (35 min extraction at 35 °C with four extraction cycles), showed significant polyphenol (527.36 mg GAE/kg oil), and flavonoid (15.32 mg RE/kg oil), content, had a good appearance and was of high quality
Anthocyanin-rich edible flowers, current understanding of a potential new trend in dietary patterns.
Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the following institutions: FCT- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through the unit funding UIDB/50006/2020 and project AnthoE.Flos - 2022.01014. PTDC; European Regional Development Fund ( ERDF ), through the NORTE 2020 (Programa Operacional Regional do Norte 2014/2020) for the AgriFood XXI I&D&I project (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000041). H.O. and A.L.F. would like to also acknowledge their CEEC contracts 2021.00002. CEECIND and CEECIND/00029/2018, respectively. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the following institutions: FCT- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through the unit funding UIDB/50006/2020 and project AnthoE.Flos - 2022.01014. PTDC; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through the NORTE 2020 (Programa Operacional Regional do Norte 2014/2020) for the AgriFood XXI I&D&I project (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000041). H.O. and A.L.F. would like to also acknowledge their CEEC contracts 2021.00002. CEECIND and CEECIND/00029/2018, respectively. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Elsevier LtdBackground: Among the many sources of anthocyanins, edible flowers are regaining interest for both consumers and researchers due to their nutritional profile and the need for even more healthy dietary alternatives. In such context, anthocyanin-rich edible flowers may be one of the most interesting groups of such cultivars but also of anthocyanins source. Scope and approach: In this review, we discuss the latest findings regarding such type of edible flowers, from their consumption patterns to their nutritional and anthocyanins composition, their reported health benefits, the challenges about the consumption of edible flowers and the future research necessities on this promising thematic. Key findings and conclusions: Anthocyanins have become a key group of natural compounds during the last years due to their broad applications in different areas. From a nutritional and health perspective, these compounds have been showing potential roles against different pathologies. The excellent aroma, taste and appearance of anthocyanin-rich edible flowers turns meals more appealing to consumers. Moreover, their nutritional profile, bioactive properties, and health benefits, encourages the development of functional foods with nutraceutical purposes, thus promoting the consumption of these type of edible flowers worldwide. Further knowledge in food processing methods is a key factor on the comeback and the addition of anthocyanin-rich edible flowers to our dietary habits.publishersversionpublishe
Effects of Tea Residue Extracts with Different Molecular Weight on the Pasting Characteristics of Potato Starch
Tea residues are the remaining residue of tea after processing and utilization, which are rich in multiple active components. To investigate the effects of different types and molecular weights of tea residue extracts on the pasting characteristics of potato starch (PS), the ethanol extract (TRE), water extract (TRW) and alkali extract (TRA) of tea residue were obtained by continuous extraction method. On this basis, the different molecular weights of ethanol extract (TRE-1, 30 kDa) and water extract (TRW-1, 100 kDa) were prepared by a membrane separation. The effects of different tea residue extracts on the viscosity properties were investigated, and the microstructure of potato starch added with tea residue extract was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that different types and molecular weights of tea residue extracts could significantly (PTRW-2>TRE-2>TRW-1>TRE-1. The peak viscosity of potato starch was gradually decreased with the increase of different extracts. After adding 10% TRA, TRW-2, TRE-2, TRW-1 and TRE-1, the peak viscosity of potato starch was 4624, 5013, 5431, 5911 and 6195 cP, respectively. TRE-2, TRW-2 and TRA could better promote the link between potato starch fragments and result in a more complete and smooth lamellar structure, compared with TRE-1, TRW-1. In summary, the addition of different types and molecular weights of tea residue extracts could effectively inhibit the gelatinization of potato starch, and the inhibitory effect of 10% alkali extract was the best
MicroRec: Efficient Recommendation Inference by Hardware and Data Structure Solutions
Deep neural networks are widely used in personalized recommendation systems.
Unlike regular DNN inference workloads, recommendation inference is
memory-bound due to the many random memory accesses needed to lookup the
embedding tables. The inference is also heavily constrained in terms of latency
because producing a recommendation for a user must be done in about tens of
milliseconds. In this paper, we propose MicroRec, a high-performance inference
engine for recommendation systems. MicroRec accelerates recommendation
inference by (1) redesigning the data structures involved in the embeddings to
reduce the number of lookups needed and (2) taking advantage of the
availability of High-Bandwidth Memory (HBM) in FPGA accelerators to tackle the
latency by enabling parallel lookups. We have implemented the resulting design
on an FPGA board including the embedding lookup step as well as the complete
inference process. Compared to the optimized CPU baseline (16 vCPU,
AVX2-enabled), MicroRec achieves 13.8~14.7x speedup on embedding lookup alone
and 2.5$~5.4x speedup for the entire recommendation inference in terms of
throughput. As for latency, CPU-based engines needs milliseconds for inferring
a recommendation while MicroRec only takes microseconds, a significant
advantage in real-time recommendation systems.Comment: Accepted by MLSys'21 (the 4th Conference on Machine Learning and
Systems
WordArt Designer: User-Driven Artistic Typography Synthesis using Large Language Models
This paper introduces WordArt Designer, a user-driven framework for artistic
typography synthesis, relying on the Large Language Model (LLM). The system
incorporates four key modules: the LLM Engine, SemTypo, StyTypo, and TexTypo
modules. 1) The LLM Engine, empowered by the LLM (e.g., GPT-3.5), interprets
user inputs and generates actionable prompts for the other modules, thereby
transforming abstract concepts into tangible designs. 2) The SemTypo module
optimizes font designs using semantic concepts, striking a balance between
artistic transformation and readability. 3) Building on the semantic layout
provided by the SemTypo module, the StyTypo module creates smooth, refined
images. 4) The TexTypo module further enhances the design's aesthetics through
texture rendering, enabling the generation of inventive textured fonts.
Notably, WordArt Designer highlights the fusion of generative AI with artistic
typography. Experience its capabilities on ModelScope:
https://www.modelscope.cn/studios/WordArt/WordArt.Comment: Accepted by EMNLP 2023, 10 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, the system is
at https://www.modelscope.cn/studios/WordArt/WordAr
Reversed-phase argentation high-performance liquid chromatography in phytochemical analysis of ginkgolic acids in leaves from Ginkgo biloba L.
A reversed-phase argentation high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been achieved for the determination of ginkgolic acids. Liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry in the negative ion mode is applied to identify ginkgolic acids from ginkgo leaves. The leaves are extracted with ethanol and then cleaned-up by extraction of analytes with hexane after addition of an acidified saturated solution of sodium sulfate and siliceous earth to the matrix solution. Ginkgolic acids are determined within 30 min on a C₁₈ column with methanol–5% aqueous acetic acid (90:10) containing 0.03 mol l⁻¹ silver nitrate as eluent and with ultraviolet detection at 310 nm. Addition of silver ions as complexation agent into the mobile phase decreases retention time of ginkgolic acids with an unsaturated side chain. Four ginkgolic acids are successfully separated from each other and from other interfering components by the high selectivity of reversed-phase argentation HPLC, which is confirmed by the spectra identification. The average recovery of the method is around 97%. Good reproducibility is obtained with relative standard deviations varying from 2 to 5%.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0021967
Spectral features and stability of oligomeric pyranoanthocyanin-flavanol pigments isolated from red wines
Jingren He, Alexandre R. F. Carvalho, Nuno Mateus and Victor De Freita
Oxidative formation and structural characterisation of new alpha-pyranone (lactone) compounds of non-oxonium nature originated from fruit anthocyanins
Jingren He, Artur M. S. Silva, Nuno Mateus and Victor de Freita