465 research outputs found
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Induced by Severe Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infection: A Case Report
After early outbreaks in North America in April 2009, the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus spread rapidly around the world, and even some patients developed certain severe complications. We reported one case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) induced by severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. A 17-year-old girl had acute onset of fever, dry cough, rhinorrhea, and sore throat Her family members and close friends also had the similar symptoms. Anti-infection treatment with penicillin was given after 8 days of the onset of symptoms in the local hospital, and her chest radiograph showed consolidation of the left lung. Then, she was sent to the People's Hospital of Guizhou Province in China and endotracheal intubation were underwent on the ninth day for acute hypoxic respiratory failure. She was diagnosed with HLH induced by severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus. Oseltamivir, steroids, immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis were given immediately after admission. After being treated in the People's Hospital of Guizhou Province for 16 days, she was discharged. This experience shows that HLH may be a life-threatening complication for severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection and responds well to therapy
Data Processing Pipeline for Pointing Observations of Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope
We describe the data processing pipeline developed to reduce the pointing
observation data of Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope (LUT), which belongs to
the Chang'e-3 mission of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program. The pointing
observation program of LUT is dedicated to monitor variable objects in a
near-ultraviolet (245-345 nm) band. LUT works in lunar daytime for sufficient
power supply, so some special data processing strategies have been developed
for the pipeline. The procedures of the pipeline include stray light removing,
astrometry, flat fielding employing superflat technique, source extraction and
cosmic rays rejection, aperture and PSF photometry, aperture correction, and
catalogues archiving, etc. It has been intensively tested and works smoothly
with observation data. The photometric accuracy is typically ~0.02 mag for LUT
10 mag stars (30 s exposure), with errors come from background noises,
residuals of stray light removing, and flat fielding related errors. The
accuracy degrades to be ~0.2 mag for stars of 13.5 mag which is the 5{\sigma}
detection limit of LUT.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Minor changes and some expounding
words added. Version accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space
Science (Ap&SS
CytoSVM: an advanced server for identification of cytokine-receptor interactions
The interactions between cytokines and their complementary receptors are the gateways to properly understand a large variety of cytokine-specific cellular activities such as immunological responses and cell differentiation. To discover novel cytokine-receptor interactions, an advanced support vector machines (SVMs) model, CytoSVM, was constructed in this study. This model was iteratively trained using 449 mammal (except rat) cytokine-receptor interactions and about 1 million virtually generated positive and negative vectors in an enriched way. Final independent evaluation by rat's data received sensitivity of 97.4%, specificity of 99.2% and the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.89. This performance is better than normal SVM-based models. Upon this well-optimized model, a web-based server was created to accept primary protein sequence and present its probabilities to interact with one or several cytokines. Moreover, this model was applied to identify putative cytokine-receptor pairs in the whole genomes of human and mouse. Excluding currently known cytokine-receptor interactions, total 1609 novel cytokine-receptor pairs were discovered from human genome with probability ∼80% after further transmembrane analysis. These cover 220 novel receptors (excluding their isoforms) for 126 human cytokines. The screening results have been deposited in a database. Both the server and the database can be freely accessed at http://bioinf.xmu.edu.cn/software/cytosvm/cytosvm.php
Learning List-Level Domain-Invariant Representations for Ranking
Domain adaptation aims to transfer the knowledge learned on (data-rich)
source domains to (low-resource) target domains, and a popular method is
invariant representation learning, which matches and aligns the data
distributions on the feature space. Although this method is studied extensively
and applied on classification and regression problems, its adoption on ranking
problems is sporadic, and the few existing implementations lack theoretical
justifications. This paper revisits invariant representation learning for
ranking. Upon reviewing prior work, we found that they implement what we call
item-level alignment, which aligns the distributions of the items being ranked
from all lists in aggregate but ignores their list structure. However, the list
structure should be leveraged, because it is intrinsic to ranking problems
where the data and the metrics are defined and computed on lists, not the items
by themselves. To close this discrepancy, we propose list-level alignment --
learning domain-invariant representations at the higher level of lists. The
benefits are twofold: it leads to the first domain adaptation generalization
bound for ranking, in turn providing theoretical support for the proposed
method, and it achieves better empirical transfer performance for unsupervised
domain adaptation on ranking tasks, including passage reranking.Comment: NeurIPS 2023. Comparison to v1: revised presentation and proof of
Corollary 4.
A modular network model of aging
Many fundamental questions on aging are still unanswered or are under intense debate. These questions are frequently not addressable by examining a single gene or a single pathway, but can best be addressed at the systems level. Here we examined the modular structure of the protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks during fruitfly and human brain aging. In both networks, there are two modules associated with the cellular proliferation to differentiation temporal switch that display opposite aging-related changes in expression. During fly aging, another couple of modules are associated with the oxidative–reductive metabolic temporal switch. These network modules and their relationships demonstrate (1) that aging is largely associated with a small number, instead of many network modules, (2) that some modular changes might be reversible and (3) that genes connecting different modules through PPIs are more likely to affect aging/longevity, a conclusion that is experimentally validated by Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan analysis. Network simulations further suggest that aging might preferentially attack key regulatory nodes that are important for the network stability, implicating a potential molecular basis for the stochastic nature of aging
Clinical significance of episcleral venous fluid wave in gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy
AIM: To evaluate the clinical significance of checking episcleral venous fluid wave (EVFW) during gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) in patients with open angle glaucoma (OAG). METHODS: This retrospective case series study comprised 30 patients (45 eyes) with OAG underwent GATT. The location and extent of EVFW were examined and graded after intraoperative compression flushing of the anterior chamber angle during the operation. Patients were followed up for 1y. A complete success for surgery is defined as a postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) <18 mm Hg without any anti-glaucoma medication. IOP<18 mm Hg with less than two anti-glaucoma medications is defined as qualified success, while the control of IOP requiring three anti-glaucoma medications is considered as unsuccess. RESULTS: The mean IOP was 35.38±7.16 mm Hg before surgery and 15.52±4.22 mm Hg 1y after surgery (P<0.01). The average number of anti-glaucoma medication was 2.8±1.2 (2-4) preoperation and 0.6±1.3 (0-3) 1y postoperation (P<0.01). The success rate of the operation was 93.33%. Complete success rate was 66.67%, qualified success rate was 26.67%, and 6.66% of unsuccessful cases required reoperation. EVFW of all cases was grade 2-4, and the percentages of grade 2, 3 and 4 were 33.33%, 40.0% and 26.67%, respectively. The distribution and percentage of EVFW were inferior (36%), nasal (28%), superior (20%), and temporal (16%). The EVFW grade of complete success patients was 3.4±0.6 (3-4), and that of qualified success patients was 2.6±1.0 (2-4). The larger the range of EVFW, the lower the IOP, and the better the IOP reduction effect. CONCLUSION: During GATT surgery, pressurized irrigation of anterior chamber to check EVFW can reduce the outflow resistance of aqueous humor and increase the effect of postoperative IOP. The range of EVFW is negatively correlated with postoperative IOP. Therefore, EVFW may be a valuable prognostic indicator for the success of GATT surgery
Spin Injection and Inverse Edelstein Effect in the Surface States of Topological Kondo Insulator SmB6
There has been considerable interest in exploiting the spin degrees of
freedom of electrons for potential information storage and computing
technologies. Topological insulators (TI), a class of quantum materials, have
special gapless edge/surface states, where the spin polarization of the Dirac
fermions is locked to the momentum direction. This spin-momentum locking
property gives rise to very interesting spin-dependent physical phenomena such
as the Edelstein and inverse Edelstein effects. However, the spin injection in
pure surface states of TI is very challenging because of the coexistence of the
highly conducting bulk states. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the spin
injection and observe the inverse Edelstein effect in the surface states of a
topological Kondo insulator, SmB6. At low temperatures when only surface
carriers are present, a clear spin signal is observed. Furthermore, the
magnetic field angle dependence of the spin signal is consistent with
spin-momentum locking property of surface states of SmB6.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, Accepted to Nature Communications (In Press
- …