2,216 research outputs found
Variants of the low oxygen sensors EGLN1 and HIF-1AN associated with acute mountain sickness.
Two low oxygen sensors, Egl nine homolog 1 (EGLN1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α inhibitor (HIF-1AN), play pivotal roles in the regulation of HIF-1α, and high altitude adaption may be involved in the pathology of acute mountain sickness (AMS). Here, we aimed to analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the untranslated regions of the EGLN1 and HIF-1AN genes and SNPs chosen from a genome-wide adaptation study of the Han Chinese population. To assess the association between EGLN1 and HIF-1AN SNPs and AMS in a Han Chinese population, a case-control study was performed including 190 patients and 190 controls. In total, thirteen SNPs were genotyped using the MassARRAY® MALDI-TOF system. Multiple genetic models were tested; The Akaike's information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) values indicated that the dominant model may serve as the best-fit model for rs12406290 and rs2153364 of significant difference. However, these data were not significant after Bonferroni correction. No significant association was noted between AMS and rs12757362, rs1339894, rs1361384, rs2009873, rs2739513 or rs2486729 before and after Bonferroni correction. Further haplotype analyses indicated the presence of two blocks in EGLN1; one block consists of rs12406290-rs2153364, located upstream of the EGLN1 gene. Carriers of the "GG" haplotype of rs12406290-rs2153364 exhibited an increased risk of AMS after adjustments for age and smoking status. However, no significant association was observed among HIF-1AN 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) polymorphisms, haplotype and AMS. Our study indicates that variants in the EGLN1 5'-UTR influence the susceptibility to AMS in a Han Chinese population
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of principal lipid-soluble components of Pinellia ternate fermented with Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Meyerozyma guillermondii
Purpose: To study the differences in lipid-soluble compounds from naturally-fermented Rhizoma Pinelliae fermentata (BXQ) samples, and fermentation products of BXQ using pure cultures of Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger, and Meyerozyma guillermondii.
Methods: First, unfermented BXQ (CTFJ-Q), traditional, naturally-fermented BXQ (CTFJ-H), and fermentation products of BXQ using pure cultures of Bacillus subtilis (XJFJ), Aspergillus niger (MJFJ), and Meyerozyma guillermondii (JMJFJ) were obtained. Their lipid-soluble components were then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology and principal component analysis (PCA).
Results: GC-MS results showed that there were 26, 24, 27, 31 and 32 types of chemical components in CTFJ-Q, CTFJ-H, XJFJ, MJFJ and JMJFJ, respectively. Furthermore, PCA revealed that samples obtained using fermentation with pure cultures of the three microorganisms had unique chemical components.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the microorganisms used for fermentation greatly influence the lipid-soluble components of BXQ. This finding is considered beneficial for the optimization of BXQ fermentation process
Cerebral hemodynamic characteristics of acute mountain sickness upon acute high-altitude exposure at 3,700 m in young Chinese men.
PURPOSE: We aimed at identifying the cerebral hemodynamic characteristics of acute mountain sickness (AMS). METHODS: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography examinations were performed between 18 and 24 h after arrival at 3,700 m via plane from 500 m (n = 454). A subgroup of 151 subjects received TCD examinations at both altitudes. RESULTS: The velocities of the middle cerebral artery, vertebral artery (VA) and basilar artery (BA) increased while the pulsatility indexes (PIs) and resistance indexes (RIs) decreased significantly (all p < 0.05). Velocities of BA were higher in AMS (AMS+) individuals when compared with non-AMS (AMS-) subjects (systolic velocity: 66 ± 12 vs. 69 ± 15 cm/s, diastolic velocity: 29 ± 7 vs. 31 ± 8 cm/s and mean velocity, 42 ± 9 vs. 44 ± 10 cm/s). AMS was characterized by higher diastolic velocity [V d_VA (26 ± 4 vs. 25 ± 4, p = 0.013)] with lower PI and RI (both p = 0.004) in VA. Furthermore, the asymmetry index (AI) of VAs was significantly lower in the AMS + group [-5.7 % (21.0 %) vs. -2.5 % (17.8 %), p = 0.016]. The AMS score was closely correlated with the hemodynamic parameters of BA and the V d_VA, PI, RI and AI of VA. CONCLUSION: AMS is associated with alterations in cerebral hemodynamics in the posterior circulation rather than the anterior one, and is characterized by higher blood velocity with lower resistance. In addition, the asymmetry of VAs may be involved in AMS
(E)-Benzaldehyde (2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)hydrazone
The title compound, C13H9Cl3N2, was obtained from a condensation reaction of benzaldehyde and 2,4,6-trichlorophenylhydrazine. The molecule assumes an E configuration with the phenyl ring and trichlorophenyl ring located on opposite sides of the C=N bond. The phenyl ring is oriented at a dihedral angle of 42.58 (12)° with respect to the tricholorophenyl ring. In the crystal, the molecules are linked via N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming supramolecular chains running along the c axis. π–π stacking is present between parallel trichlorophenyl rings of adjacent molecules, the face-to-face and centroid–centroid distances being 3.369 (14) and 3.724 (2) Å, respectively
Heavy Neutral Leptons in Gauged at Muon Collider
Heavy neutral leptons are the most appealing candidates to generate the
tiny neutrino masses. In this paper, we study the signature of heavy neutral
leptons in gauged at a muon collider. Charged under the
symmetry, the heavy neutral leptons can be pair produced
via the new gauge boson at muon collider as and . We then perform a
detailed analysis on the lepton number violation signature and at the 3 TeV muon collider, where the hadronic decays of
boson are treated as fat-jets . These lepton number violation signatures
have quite clean backgrounds at the muon collider. Our simulation shows that a
wide range of viable parameter space is within the reach of the 3 TeV muon
collider. For instance, with new gauge coupling and an integrated
luminosity of 1000 fb, the signal could probe
TeV. Meanwhile, if the gauge boson mass satisfies , the signature would be more
promising than the signature.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, 2 table
Multi-Dimensional Refinement Graph Convolutional Network with Robust Decouple Loss for Fine-Grained Skeleton-Based Action Recognition
Graph convolutional networks have been widely used in skeleton-based action
recognition. However, existing approaches are limited in fine-grained action
recognition due to the similarity of inter-class data. Moreover, the noisy data
from pose extraction increases the challenge of fine-grained recognition. In
this work, we propose a flexible attention block called Channel-Variable
Spatial-Temporal Attention (CVSTA) to enhance the discriminative power of
spatial-temporal joints and obtain a more compact intra-class feature
distribution. Based on CVSTA, we construct a Multi-Dimensional Refinement Graph
Convolutional Network (MDR-GCN), which can improve the discrimination among
channel-, joint- and frame-level features for fine-grained actions.
Furthermore, we propose a Robust Decouple Loss (RDL), which significantly
boosts the effect of the CVSTA and reduces the impact of noise. The proposed
method combining MDR-GCN with RDL outperforms the known state-of-the-art
skeleton-based approaches on fine-grained datasets, FineGym99 and FSD-10, and
also on the coarse dataset NTU-RGB+D X-view version
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