Evaluation and Research Analysis of Marine Ecological Suitability

Whether in the past, present and future, marine ecological environment is the most important part in the history of human development, we can call it the "patron saint" of mankind. It provides all kinds of resources and energy needed for social production, and plays an irreplaceable role in species diversity and ecological balance. However, the weakening of self-purification ability of marine ecosystem, the decline of pollution purification ability, the deterioration of marine ecological environment, and the decline of biological resources and biodiversity ,etc. all these bring fatal impact to coastal areas and even the whole terrestrial ecosystem, it is imminent to strengthen ecological protection. It is our bounden duty to protect the living environment of human. We have the right to enjoy the convenience brought by the natural environment, so we should fulfill the obligation to protect it.[Chinese Library Classification Number]   X31        [Document Code]  

Study on Impact of Compositional Gradient on Volatile Oil Reservoir Development

The existing of compositional gradient in volatile oil reservoir makes the reservoir special. It will have great significance in calculating reserves, determining reasonable development mode and improving volatile oil recovery，if the composition profile and vertical distribution characteristic of the underground fluid are considered, when developing volatile oil reservoir. Based on the theory of compositional gradient[1], the paper analyzed the compositional gradient in various kinds of reservoir, researched the impact of compositional gradient on reserves estimation in volatile oil reservoir, and then evaluated the final recovery efficiency of different development modes (depletion, water-flood, gas injection) with the method of compositional numerical simulation. Results show that: If the reservoir fluid contains more light components, the compositional gradient phenomenon will be more obvious; by choosing fluid samples at the middle of the reservoir to calculate reserves of the volatile oil reservoir, accurate value will be obtained; when developing volatile oil reservoirs, the compositional gradient phenomenon affects greater on recovery efficiency of gas injection development than that of depletion and water-flood development. The achievements provide theoretical guidance and basis for volatile oil reservoir development.Key words: Volatile oil reservoir; Compositional gradient; Compositional simulation; Development mode; Phase behavio

Transparent dynamic infrared emissivity regulators

Abstract Dynamic infrared emissivity regulators, which can efficiently modulate infrared radiation beyond vision, have emerged as an attractive technology in the energy and information fields. The realization of the independent modulation of visible and infrared spectra is a challenging and important task for the application of dynamic infrared emissivity regulators in the fields of smart thermal management and multispectral camouflage. Here, we demonstrate an electrically controlled infrared emissivity regulator that can achieve independent modulation of the infrared emissivity while maintaining a high visible transparency (84.7% at 400–760 nm). The regulators show high degree of emissivity regulation (0.51 at 3–5 μm, 0.41 at 7.5–13 μm), fast response (  104 cycles). The infrared emissivity regulation is attributed to the modification of the carrier concentration in the surface depletion layer of aluminum-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals. This transparent infrared emissivity regulator provides opportunities for applications such as on-demand smart thermal management, multispectral displays, and adaptive camouflage