Topology monitoring implementation of network management system in TWAREN hybrid network

TWAREN (TaiWan Advanced Research and Education Network)is a hybrid network composed of several types of networkservices including Layer1 (Light-path), Layer2 (VLAN, MPLSVPNand VPLS-VPN), Layer3 (research networks peering andtransit) and Layer7 (SSL VPN). To develop a networkmanagement system for such kind of hybrid networks, we mustfirstly be able to construct the physical network topology,therefore the logical network services can then be mapped and anaccurate monitoring and alarming system can be possible.However the automatic physical topology discovery is extremelyhard and complicated in the hybrid network. In this paper, wepropose our preliminary design on automatically detecting thehybrid network physical topology in TWAREN

3-Methyl-1-(3-nitro­phen­yl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole

In the title compound, C16H15N3O2, the planar [maximum deviation 0.156 (2) Å] pyrazoline ring is nearly coplanar with the 3-nitro­phenyl group and is approximately perpendicular to the phenyl ring, making dihedral angles of 3.80 (8) and 80.58 (10)°, respectively. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure

5-(2-Fur­yl)-3-methyl-1-(3-nitro­phen­yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole

In the title compound, C14H13N3O3, the pyrazoline ring assumes an envelope conformation with the furanyl-bearing C atom at the flap position. The dihedral angle between the furan and nitrobenzene rings is 84.40 (9)°. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure

Zfra affects TNF-mediated cell death by interacting with death domain protein TRADD and negatively regulates the activation of NF-κB, JNK1, p53 and WOX1 during stress response

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Zfra is a 31-amino-acid zinc finger-like protein, which is known to regulate cell death by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and overexpressed TNF receptor- or Fas-associated death domain proteins (TRADD and FADD). In addition, Zfra undergoes self-association and interacts with c-Jun <it>N</it>-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) in response to stress stimuli. To further delineate the functional properties of Zfra, here we investigated Zfra regulation of the activation of p53, WOX1 (WWOX or FOR), NF-κB, and JNK1 under apoptotic stress.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Transiently overexpressed Zfra caused growth suppression and apoptotic death of many but not all types of cells. Zfra either enhanced or blocked cell death caused by TRADD, FADD, or receptor-interacting protein (RIP) in a dose-related manner. This modulation is related with Zfra binding with TRADD, NF-κB, JNK1 and WOX1, as determined by GST pull-down analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, and mapping by yeast two-hybrid analysis. Functionally, transiently overexpressed Zfra sequestered NF-κB (p65), WOX1, p53 and phospho-ERK (extracellular signal-activated kinase) in the cytoplasm, and TNF or UV light could not effectively induce nuclear translocation of these proteins. Zfra counteracted the apoptotic functions of Tyr33-phosphorylated WOX1 and Ser46-phosphorylated p53. Alteration of Ser8 to Gly abolished the apoptotic function of Zfra and its regulation of WOX1 and p53.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In response to TNF, Zfra is upregulated and modulates TNF-mediated cell death via interacting with TRADD, FADD and RIP (death-inducing signaling complex) at the receptor level, and downstream effectors NF-κB, p53, WOX1, and JNK1.</p

Microwave photonic signal generation in an optically injected discrete mode semiconductor laser

This article belongs to the Special Issue Microwave Photonics Applications.In this paper, microwave photonic signal generation based on the period-one dynamic of optically injected discrete mode (DM) semiconductor lasers has been experimentally demonstrated and numerically simulated. The results show that the frequency of the generated microwave increases linearly with the frequency detuning or optical injection ratio. In addition, a single optical feedback loop is sufficient to reduce the microwave linewidth without significantly deteriorating side mode suppression. The simulation results using a model considering the nonlinear dependencies of the carrier recombination agree well with the experimental results, which indicates that the nonlinear carrier recombination effect is important in determining the nonlinear dynamics of optically injected DM lasers.This research was funded in part by the DESTINI project (2017/COL/007) funded by the ERDF under the SMART Expertise scheme; in part by the DSP Centre (82085) funded by the ERDF through the Welsh Government; and in part by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain, under grant RTI2018-094118-B-C22 MCIN/AEI/FEDER, UE.Peer reviewe