An annotated corpus with nanomedicine and pharmacokinetic parameters

A vast amount of data on nanomedicines is being generated and published, and natural language processing (NLP) approaches can automate the extraction of unstructured text-based data. Annotated corpora are a key resource for NLP and information extraction methods which employ machine learning. Although corpora are available for pharmaceuticals, resources for nanomedicines and nanotechnology are still limited. To foster nanotechnology text mining (NanoNLP) efforts, we have constructed a corpus of annotated drug product inserts taken from the US Food and Drug Administration’s Drugs@FDA online database. In this work, we present the development of the Engineered Nanomedicine Database corpus to support the evaluation of nanomedicine entity extraction. The data were manually annotated for 21 entity mentions consisting of nanomedicine physicochemical characterization, exposure, and biologic response information of 41 Food and Drug Administration-approved nanomedicines. We evaluate the reliability of the manual annotations and demonstrate the use of the corpus by evaluating two state-of-the-art named entity extraction systems, OpenNLP and Stanford NER. The annotated corpus is available open source and, based on these results, guidelines and suggestions for future development of additional nanomedicine corpora are provided

TEXTURAL DEPTH, STRUCTURAL DEPTH, EXPRESSIVE DEPTH:LADDERS FROM LINE TO SONORITYIN ARVO PÄRT AND HENRYK MIKO£AJ GÓRECKI

The intense emotional response that Arvo Pärt's Cantus and the canon from Henryk Miko³aj Górecki'sSymphony No. 3, The Symphony of Sorrowful Songs generate in many listeners raises analyticalquestions. A preliminary hypothesis is that the intense and durable emotional response evoked by theworks was a result of their complexity. A detailed analysis of these two canons demonstrates suchcomplexity. This complexity is clear, coherent, and hierarchical, and in each case is the result of a verysimple compositional procedure. In both pieces complexity is constituted by an intricate web of processesthat is described in this paper as structural depth. The kind of structural depth found in these pieces isanalogous yet significantly different from the kind of structural depth that Schenkerian analysis uncovers.Intelligibility of processes, onset asynchrony of prominent events, and independence of processes areproposed as important criteria for the identification of this type of structural depth. The systematicestablishment of criteria and methodology for the identification and analysis of structural depth in thisdissertation leaves the door open for its application in the analysis of other pieces. In addition, this papermakes extensively use of metaphors such as that of a stepladder to facilitate the conceptual understandingof the similarities, differences, and interaction among the different processes. This analysis also identifiesparticular potentials of pandiatonicism that these canons takes advantage of such as the use of triadicsonorities in a modal environment, the role played by ascending fifth root motion, and the subtle andgradual transformation of harmonic patterns.Fulfilling the composition requirements of the Ph.D degree in Composition and Theory, 'Burning the Deep Red Sea', an original composition for chamber ensemble follows the essay

Defining architectures for recommended systems for medical treatment. A Systematic Literature Review

This paper presents a Systematic Literature Review(SLR) related to recommender system for medical treatment, aswell as analyze main elements that may provide flexible, accurate,and comprehensive recommendations. To do so, a SLR researchmethodology obey. As a result, 12 intelligent recommendersystems related to prescribing medication were classed dependingto specific criteria. We assessed and analyze these medicinerecommender systems and enumerate the challenges. After studyingselected papers, our study concentrated on two researchquestions concerning the availability of medicine recommendersystems for physicians and the features these systems should have.Further research is encouraged in order to build an intelligentrecommender system based on the features analyzed in this work

Dos aspectos poco discutidos en la percepción de progresiones armónicas

Nuestro grupo de investigación cognitiva musical en la Universidad de las Artes Helsinki ha investigado durante varios años la percepción de progresiones armónicas. En este artículo resumo nuestros experimentos y propongo conexiones entre este trabajo y la educación auditiva musical. Nuestra investigación se ha centrado en dos aspectos poco estudiados en el pasado: la influencia de la memoria específica y de las características extra-armónicas –como el timbre y la textura– en la percepción armónica. Después presento dos propuestas pedagógicas inspiradas por los resultados de nuestros experimentos. Primero, propongo que las características extra-armónicas se deberían discutir más en el aula; esta discusión es más fácil de integrar con el currículo existente cuando la armonía y las características extra-armónicas se discuten simultáneamente. Segundo, sugiero que los docentes deberían discutir con sus alumnos la posibilidad de que las progresiones de acordes no se almacenen en la memoria auditiva a largo plazo independientemente de sus características extra-armónicas. De acuerdo con esta propuesta, algunos conceptos básicos como las funciones armónicas pueden constituir una teoría musical sugestiva, un tipo de escucha entre muchas otras. Propongo que dos teorías de la memoria armónica –memoria de eslabones verídicos y memoria esquemática superficial– pueden explicar cómo generar expectativas sin recurrir al concepto de función armónica. Finalmente, explico cómo la idea de las funciones armónicas a modo de teoría musical sugestiva puede influir en el dictado armónico y la forma en que la música se presenta y analiza en el aula. Palabras clave: progresiones armónicas, memoria musical, percepción musical, enseñanza musical Two rarely discussed aspects of the perception of chord progressions Abstract Our music cognition research group at the University of the Arts in Helsinki has studied the perception of chord progressions for several years. In this article, I summarize our studies and suggest connections between this work and undergraduate aural skills pedagogy. Our research has focused on two aspects that have received little attention in the past: the influence of specific memory and extra-harmonic features—such as timber and texture—in harmonic perception. In this article, I present two pedagogical proposals inspired by the results of our studies. First, I suggest that extra-harmonic characteristics deserve more attention in the classroom, and that their integration in the curriculum would be easier if harmony and extra-harmonic features were discussed simultaneously. Second, I suggest that teachers should discuss with their students the possibility that chord progressions are not stored in aural long-term auditory memory independently from their extra-harmonic features. According to this suggestion, certain basic concepts such as formal functions may constitute a suggestive music theory, one way of hearing among many. I propose that two theories of harmonic memory—veridical link memory and superficial schematic memory—can explain the generation of harmonic expectation without relying on the concept of function. Finally, I explain how the notion of harmonic function as suggestive music theory may influence harmonic dictation and how music is presented and analyzed in the classroom. Keywords: chord progressions, musical memory, musical perception, music pedagog

Galileo and EGNOS as an asset for UTM safety and security

GAUSS (Galileo-EGNOS as an Asset for UTM Safety and Security) is a H2020 project1 that aims at designing and developing high performance positioning systems for drones within the U-Space framework focusing on UAS (Unmanned Aircraft System) VLL (Very Low Level) operations. The key element within GAUSS is the integration and exploitation of Galileo and EGNOS exceptional features in terms of accuracy, integrity and security, which will be key assets for the safety of current and future drone operations. More concretely, high accuracy, authentication, precise timing (among others) are key GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) enablers of future integrated drone operations under UTM (UAS Traffic Management) operations, which in Europe will be deployed under U-Space [1]. The U-Space concept helps control, manage and integrate all UAS in the VLL airspace to ensure the security and efficiency of UAS operations. GAUSS will enable not only safe, timely and efficient operations but also coordination among a higher number of RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System) in the air with the appropriate levels of security, as it will improve anti-jamming and anti-spoofing capabilities through a multi-frequency and multi-constellation approach and Galileo authentication operations. The GAUSS system will be validated with two field trials in two different UTM real scenarios (in-land and sea) with the operation of a minimum of four UTM coordinated UAS from different types (fixed and rotary wing), manoeuvrability and EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency) operational categories. The outcome of the project will consist of Galileo-EGNOS based technological solutions to enhance safety and security levels in both, current UAS and future UTM operations. Increased levels of efficiency, reliability, safety, and security in UAS operations are key enabling features to foster the EU UAS regulation, market development and full acceptance by the society.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Estimacion de la hojarasca acumulada bajo Eucaliptus globulus y Nothofagus obliqua en una plantacion forestal y en un bosque nativo, ubicados en la precordillera andina de la VII Region

77 p.En una Plantación Forestal y un Bosque Nativo, ubicados en el Predio EL Picazo, en la Precordillera Andina de la VII Región del Maule, se realizo una estimación y comparación de la cantidad y variación espacial de la hojarasca y hojarasca descompuesta, acumuladas bajo Eucaliptus globlulus y Nothofagus obliqua. A tal fin, se cosechó la hojarasca acumulada dentro de un cuadrante de 20*20 cm., mediante un muestreo anidado alrededor de cinco individuos para cada situación. El material fue secado a 60°C, hasta peso constante y posteriormente pesado. Se utilizó un diseño multifactorial de factores fijos (distancia, exposición y árbol) para analizar las variables cuantitativas medidas. Eucaliptus globulus aportó 395 gr/m2 de hojarasca y 1.730 gr/m2 de hojarasca descompuesta, mientras que debajo de Nothofagus obliqua se acumulo 335 gr/m2 de hojarasca y 1.632 gr/m2 de hojarasca descompuesta. Mientras que en Eucaliptus globulus solo los factores exposición y árbol influenciaron la acumulación de hojarasca descompuesta, en Nothofagus obliqua la distancia al fuste, la exposición y el árbol influenciaron significativamente la acumulación de hojarasca descompuesta. También se encontró influencia significativa del factor exposición y árbol en el compartimiento de hojarasca para Nothofagus obliqua

Post-treatment Apical Periodontitis in Primary Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment: A Multiple Correspondence Analysis

Introduction: The presented study aimed to characterise periapical disease in teeth with primary non-surgical root canal treatment in persistent or emergent categories and their risk association. Methods: A retrospective observational study that evaluated permanent teeth with primary non-surgical root canal treatment, was conducted clinically and radiographically for over one year. The following variables were analysed: gender, age, type and location of tooth, previous diagnosis, treatment conditions, and type of coronal restoration. The supplementary variables included the perspectives of the treatment outcome, such as Remains normal, Improvement, and Failure. Statistical analysis was performed using a univariate analysis that estimated the average and proportion for each factor according to the result of the primary non-surgical root canal treatment. The multiple correspondence analysis identified the hierarchy between active variables and their association with the results. Results: A total of 232 teeth in 155 participants were analysed. A χ2 value, (P=0.023) showed that the emergent disease is associated with patients around the age of 50. The multiple correspondence analysis identified a tendency of grouping between the emergent disease and the short filling category, followed by symptomatic pulpitis as a previous diagnosis. The persistent disease was associated with errors and overfillings. An inadequate root filling and taper density adversely impacted the treatment outcome. Conclusions: The length of obturation influenced the presence of failure. Short fillings were associated with emerging periapical disease. Errors and overfillings contributed to the persistent disease in the populations studied