Quantitative real-time PCR detection and analysis of a lumpy skin disease outbreak in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a severe disease of bovine characterized by nodules on the skin, mucous membranes, and profuse nasal discharge which causes severe economic losses. In October 2020, an LSD outbreak case was found in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. A total of 1,206 cattle were sold from the same imported animal quarantine field to 36 farms after the quarantine period finished, and over 30 farmers reported symptoms such as skin scabs found in newly arrived cattle shortly after that. A large-scale LSD outbreak investigation was launched after laboratory diagnosis confirmed LSD. The clinical samples of 1,206 cattle from 36 farms, including 1,206 whole blood, 1,206 oral and nose swabs, and 355 scabs, were collected for the qRT-PCR test. The result showed that 51 whole blood samples (4.23%), 580 swab samples (48.09%), and 350 skin scabs (98.59%) were lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) positive, 33 of 36 farms were affected. This study aims to provide a basis for LSD epidemiological traceability, movement control, and measures for prevention and control

Cell surface‐anchored syndecan‐1 ameliorates intestinal inflammation and neutrophil transmigration in ulcerative colitis

Abstract Syndecan‐1 (SDC1), with a variable ectodomain carrying heparan sulphate (HS) chains between different Syndecans, participates in many steps of inflammatory responses. In the process of proteolysis, the HS chains of the complete extracellular domain can be shed from the cell surface, by which they can mediate most of SDC1's function. However, the exact impact on SDC1 which anchored on the cell surface has not been clearly reported. In our study, we established the models by transfection with the cleavable resistant SDC1 mutant plasmid, in which SDC1 shedding can be suppressed during stimulation. Role of membrane SDC1 in inflammatory pathway, pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion as well as neutrophil transmigration, and how suppressing its shedding will benefit colitis were further investigated. We found that the patients suffered ulcerative colitis had high serum SDC1 levels,presented with increased levels of P65, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and IL‐1β and higher circulating neutrophils. NF‐κB pathway was activated, and secretion of TNF‐α, interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β), IL‐6 and IL‐8 were increased upon lipopolysaccharide stimuli in intestinal epithelial cells. Syndecan‐1, via its anchored ectodomain, significantly lessened these up‐regulation extents. It also functioned in inhibiting transmigration of neutrophils by decreasing CXCL‐1 secretion. Moreover, SDC1 ameliorated colitis activity and improved histological disturbances of colon in mice. Taken together, we conclude that suppression of SDC1 shedding from intestinal epithelial cells relieves severity of intestinal inflammation and neutrophil transmigration by inactivating key inflammatory regulators NF‐κB, and down‐regulating pro‐inflammatory cytokine expressions. These indicated that compenstion and shedding suppression of cytomembrane SDC1 might be the optional therapy for intestinal inflammation

The FOXK1-CCDC43 Axis Promotes the Invasion and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells

Background/Aims: The CCDC43 gene is conserved in human, rhesus monkey, mouse and zebrafish. Bioinformatics studies have demonstrated the abnormal expression of CCDC43 gene in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role and molecular mechanism of CCDC43 in CRC remain unknown. Methods: The functional role of CCDC43 and FOXK1 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was determined using immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, western blot, EdU incorporation, luciferase, chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and cell invasion assays. Results: The CCDC43 gene was overexpressed in human CRC. High expression of CCDC43 protein was associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with CRC. Moreover, the induction of EMT by CCDC43 occurred through TGF-β signaling. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the expression patterns of CCDC43 and FOXK1 was observed in CRC cells. Promoter assays demonstrated that FOXK1 directly bound and activated the human CCDC43 gene promoter. In addition, CCDC43 was necessary for FOXK1- mediated EMT and metastasis in vitro and vivo. Taken together, this work identified that CCDC43 promoted EMT and was a direct transcriptional target of FOXK1 in CRC cells. Conclusion: FOXK1-CCDC43 axis might be helpful to develop the drugs for the treatment of CRC

Investigation on the effects of laser heating on surface quality of OFHC copper in diamond cutting process

status: publishe

Machining of Lenticular Lens Silicon Molds with a Combination of Laser Ablation and Diamond Cutting

Lenticular lenses are widely used in the three-dimensional display industry. Conventional lenticular lens components are made of plastics that have low thermal stability. An alternative is to use glass to replace plastic as the lenticular lens component material. Single crystal silicon is often used as the mold material in the precision glass molding process. It is, however, difficult to fabricate a lenticular lens silicon mold that has a large feature size compared to the critical depth of cut of silicon. In order to solve the problems of machining lenticular lens silicon molds using the conventional diamond cutting method, such as low machining efficiency and severe tool wear, a hybrid machining method that combined laser ablation and diamond cutting was proposed. A feasibility study was performed to investigate the possibility of using this method to fabricate a lenticular lens silicon mold. The influence of the laser parameters and machining parameters on the machining performance was investigated systematically. The experimental results indicated that this hybrid machining method could be a possible method for manufacturing lenticular lens silicon molds or other similar microstructures

Tooth-Marked Tongue Recognition Using Gradient-Weighted Class Activation Maps

The tooth-marked tongue is an important indicator in traditional Chinese medicinal diagnosis. However, the clinical competence of tongue diagnosis is determined by the experience and knowledge of the practitioners. Due to the characteristics of different tongues, having many variations such as different colors and shapes, tooth-marked tongue recognition is challenging. Most existing methods focus on partial concave features and use specific threshold values to classify the tooth-marked tongue. They lose the overall tongue information and lack the ability to be generalized and interpretable. In this paper, we try to solve these problems by proposing a visual explanation method which takes the entire tongue image as an input and uses a convolutional neural network to extract features (instead of setting a fixed threshold artificially) then classifies the tongue and produces a coarse localization map highlighting tooth-marked regions using Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method

Investigation on the formation of surface defects of OFHC copper in diamond micro-grooving process

status: publishe

Synthesis and biological evaluation of nitric oxide-releasing derivatives of oleanolic acid as inhibitors of HepG2 cell apoptosis

A total of 106 nitric oxide-releasing derivatives of oleanolic acid were synthesized and their effects on the inhibition of anti-Fas-mediated HepG2 cell apoptosis were evaluated in vitro. Several compounds inhibited anti-Fas-mediated HepG2 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Within this series of compounds, 8b is the most potent inhibitor. The development of new NO-releasing derivatives of oleanolic acid may aid in the design of NO-based medicines for the intervention of human liver inflammatory diseases. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Motion Prediction of Catamaran with a Semisubmersible Bow in Wave

Compared with standard vessels, a slender catamaran with a semi-submerged bow (SSB) demonstrates superior seakeeping performance. To predict the motion of an SSB catamaran, computational fluid dynamics methods are adopted in this study and results are validated through small-scale model tests. The pitch, heave, and vertical acceleration are calculated at various wavelengths and speeds. Based on the overset grid and motion region methods, this study obtains the motion responses of an SSB catamaran in regular head waves. The results of the numerical studies are validated with the experimental data and show that the overset grid method is more accurate in predicting the motion of an SSB catamaran; the errors can be controlled within 20%. The movement data in regular waves shows that at a constant speed, the motion response initially increases and then decreases with increasing wavelength. This motion response peak is due to the encountering frequency being close to the natural frequency. Under identical sea conditions, the motion response increases with the increasing Froude number. The motion prediction results, that derive from a shortterm irregular sea state, show that there is an optimal speed range that can effectively reduce the amplitude of motion

Reversible Oxygenation of 2,4-Diaminobutanoic Acid-Co(II) Complexes

This paper introduces the structural characterization and studies on reversible oxygenation behavior of a new oxygen carrier Co(II)-2,4-diaminobutanoic acid (DABA) complex in aqueous solution. The composition of the oxygenated complex was determined by gas volumetric method, molar ratio method, and mass spectrometry, and the formula of the oxygenated complex was determined to be [Co(DABA)2O2]. In aqueous solution, the complex can continuously uptake and release dioxygen and exhibit excellent reversibility of oxygenation and deoxygenation ability. This complex can maintain 50% of its original oxygenation capacity after 30 cycles in 24 h and retain 5% of the original oxygenation capacity after more than 260 cycles after 72 h. When a ligand analogue was linked to histidine (His), the new complex exhibited as excellent reversible oxygenation property as His-Co(II) complex. Insight into the relationship between structural detail and oxygenation properties will provide valuable suggestion for a new family of oxygen carriers