Classical and quantum anomalous diffusion in a system of 2δ\delta-kicked Quantum Rotors

We study the dynamics of cold atoms subjected to {\em pairs} of closely time-spaced $\delta$-kicks from standing waves of light. The classical phase space of this system is partitioned into momentum cells separated by trapping regions. In a certain range of parameters it is shown that the classical motion is well described by a process of anomalous diffusion. We investigate in detail the impact of the underlying classical anomalous diffusion on the quantum dynamics with special emphasis on the phenomenon of dynamical localization. Based on the study of the quantum density of probability, its second moment and the return probability we identify a region of weak dynamical localization where the quantum diffusion is still anomalous but the diffusion rate is slower than in the classical case. Moreover we examine how other relevant time scales such as the quantum-classical breaking time or the one related to the beginning of full dynamical localization are modified by the classical anomalous diffusion. Finally we discuss the relevance of our results for the understanding of the role of classical cantori in quantum mechanics.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Entanglement Rate for Gaussian Continuous Variable Beams

We derive a general expression that quantifies the total entanglement production rate in continuous variable systems, where a source emits two entangled Gaussian beams with arbitrary correlators.This expression is especially useful for situations where the source emits an arbitrary frequency spectrum,e.g. when cavities are involved. To exemplify its meaning and potential, we apply it to a four-mode optomechanical setup that enables the simultaneous up- and down-conversion of photons from a drive laser into entangled photon pairs. This setup is efficient in that both the drive and the optomechanical up- and down-conversion can be fully resonant.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure

Cell-type specific analysis of translating RNAs in developing flowers reveals new levels of control

Determining both the expression levels of mRNA and the regulation of its translation is important in understanding specialized cell functions. In this study, we describe both the expression profiles of cells within spatiotemporal domains of the Arabidopsis thaliana flower and the post-transcriptional regulation of these mRNAs, at nucleotide resolution. We express a tagged ribosomal protein under the promoters of three master regulators of flower development. By precipitating tagged polysomes, we isolated cell type specific mRNAs that are probably translating, and quantified those mRNAs through deep sequencing. Cell type comparisons identified known cell-specific transcripts and uncovered many new ones, from which we inferred cell type-specific hormone responses, promoter motifs and coexpressed cognate binding factor candidates, and splicing isoforms. By comparing translating mRNAs with steady-state overall transcripts, we found evidence for widespread post-transcriptional regulation at both the intron splicing and translational stages. Sequence analyses identified structural features associated with each step. Finally, we identified a new class of noncoding RNAs associated with polysomes. Findings from our profiling lead to new hypotheses in the understanding of flower development

Universality in quantum chaos and the one parameter scaling theory

We adapt the one parameter scaling theory (OPT) to the context of quantum chaos. As a result we propose a more precise characterization of the universality classes associated to Wigner-Dyson and Poisson statistics which takes into account Anderson localization effects. Based also on the OPT we predict a new universality class in quantum chaos related to the metal-insulator transition and provide several examples. In low dimensions it is characterized by classical superdiffusion or a fractal spectrum, in higher dimensions it can also have a purely quantum origin as in the case of disordered systems. Our findings open the possibility of studying the metal insulator transition experimentally in a much broader type of systems.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, acknowledgment added, typos correcte

Novel method for photovoltaic energy conversion using surface acoustic waves in piezoelectric semiconductors

This paper presents a novel principle for photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion using surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in piezoelectric semiconductors. A SAW produces a periodically modulated electric potential, which spatially segregates photoexcited electrons and holes to the maxima and minima of the SAW potential. The moving SAW collectively transports the carriers with the speed of sound to the electrodes made of different materials, which extract electrons and holes separately and generate dc output. The proposed active design is expected to have higher efficiency than passive designs of the existing PV devices and to produce enough energy to sustain the SAW.Comment: v.3 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to proceedings of ECRYS-2011 to be published in Physica

An immune system based genetic algorithm using permutation-based dualism for dynamic traveling salesman problems

Copyright @ Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009.In recent years, optimization in dynamic environments has attracted a growing interest from the genetic algorithm community due to the importance and practicability in real world applications. This paper proposes a new genetic algorithm, based on the inspiration from biological immune systems, to address dynamic traveling salesman problems. Within the proposed algorithm, a permutation-based dualism is introduced in the course of clone process to promote the population diversity. In addition, a memory-based vaccination scheme is presented to further improve its tracking ability in dynamic environments. The experimental results show that the proposed diversification and memory enhancement methods can greatly improve the adaptability of genetic algorithms for dynamic traveling salesman problems.This work was supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF) of China under Grant No. 70431003 and Grant No. 70671020, the Science Fund for Creative Research Group of NNSF of China under GrantNo. 60521003, the National Science and Technology Support Plan of China under Grant No. 2006BAH02A09 and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of UK under Grant No. EP/E060722/1