526 research outputs found
PP-217 Treatment for abdominal tuberculosis caused adhesive small bowel obstruction using ileus tube combined somatostatin
Measurement of Trace I-129 Concentrations in CsI Powder and Organic Liquid Scintillator with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Levels of trace radiopurity in active detector materials is a subject of
major concern in low-background experiments. Procedures were devised to measure
trace concentrations of I-129 in the inorganic salt CsI as well as in organic
liquid scintillator with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) which leads to
improvement in sensitivities by several orders of magnitude over other methods.
No evidence of their existence in these materials were observed. Limits of < 6
X 10^{-13} g/g and < 2.6 X 10^{-17} g/g on the contaminations of I-129 in CsI
and liquid scintillator, respectively, were derived.These are the first results
in a research program whose goals are to develop techniques to measure trace
radioactivity in detector materials by AMS.Comment: Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Accelerator Mass
Spectrometr
Polysaccharides and polyphenols in sea buckthorn leaf tea have synergistic impact on studied colonic strains in vitro and bacteria in vivo
Present research on prebiotics focuses on either polysaccharides or polyphenols. This study compared the individual and combined impact of polysaccharide, quercetin, and gallic acid (GA) treatment on three human faecal strains. In vitro pure culturing and correlation analysis confirmed that the growth of both beneficial microbe B. longum subsp. longum (0.695, 0.205: R2, slope, respectively) and pathogenic C. perfringens (0.712, 0.085: R2, slope, respectively) increased due to polysaccharide treatment, and only GA treatment would inhibit C. perfringens (0.789, –0.165: R2, slope, respectively) growth. In vivo studies also revealed that genome copies of Bifidobacterium increased and C. perfringens decreased in the faeces, when a blend of the three nutrients rather than single polysaccharide or polyphenols were fed to rats. These data suggested that combined prebiotic treatment improved human faecal strain composition better than single treatment
Re-evaluation of Sympoventuriaceae
Sympoventuriaceae (Venturiales, Dothideomycetes) comprises genera including saprophytes, endo-phytes, plant pathogens, as well as important animal or human opportunistic pathogens with diverse ecologies and wide geographical distributions. Although the taxonomy of Sympoventuriaceae has been well studied, generic boundaries within the family remain poorly resolved due to the lack of type materials and molecular data. To address this issue and establish a more stable and reliable classification system in Sympoventuriaceae, we performed multi-locus phylogenetic analyses using sequence data of seven genes (SSU, ITS, LSU, act1, tub2, tef1 and rpb2) with increased taxon sampling and morphological analysis. The molecular data combined with detailed morphological studies of 143 taxa resolved 22 genera within the family, including one new genus, eight new species, five new combinations and one new name. Finally, we further investigated the evolutionary history of Sympoventuriaceae by reconstructing patterns of lifestyle diversification, indicating the ancestral state to be saprophytic, with transitions to endophytic, animal or human opportunistic and plant pathogens
Reactive and Nonreactive Scattering of HCl from Au(111): An Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study
The HCl + Au(111) system has recently become a benchmark for highly activated dissociative chemisorption, which presumably is strongly affected by electron–hole pair excitation. Previous dynamics calculations, which were based on density functional theory at the generalized gradient approximation level (GGA-DFT) for the molecule–surface interaction, have all overestimated measured reaction probabilities by at least an order of magnitude. Here, we perform ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) and AIMD with electronic friction (AIMDEF) calculations employing a density functional that includes the attractive van der Waals interaction. Our calculations model the simultaneous and possibly synergistic effects of surface temperature, surface atom motion, electron–hole pair excitation, the molecular beam conditions of the experiments, and the van der Waals interaction on the reactivity. We find that reaction probabilities computed with AIMDEF and the SRP32-vdW functional still overestimate the measured reaction probabilities, by a factor 18 for the highest incidence energy at which measurements were performed (≈2.5 eV). Even granting that the experiment could have underestimated the sticking probability by about a factor three, this still translates into a considerable overestimation of the reactivity by the current theory. Likewise, scaled transition probabilities for vibrational excitation from ν = 1, j = 1 to ν = 2 are overestimated by the AIMDEF theory, by factors 3–8 depending on the initial conditions modeled. Energy losses to the surface and translational energy losses are, however, in good agreement with experimental values.Theoretical Chemistr
Search for Invisible Decays of and in and
Using a data sample of decays collected with the BES
II detector at the BEPC, searches for invisible decays of and
in to and are performed.
The signals, which are reconstructed in final states, are used
to tag the and decays. No signals are found for the
invisible decays of either or , and upper limits at the 90%
confidence level are determined to be for the ratio
and for . These are the first
searches for and decays into invisible final states.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; Added references, Corrected typo
Revisiting the -Meson Production at the Hadronic Colliders
The production of heavy-flavored hadron at the hadronic colliders provides a
challenging opportunity to test the validity of pQCD predictions. There are two
mechanisms for the hadroproduction, i.e. the gluon-gluon fusion
mechanism via the subprocess and the
extrinsic heavy quark mechanism via the subprocesses and , both of which shall have sizable
contributions in proper kinematic region. Different from the
fixed-flavor-number scheme (FFNS) previously adopted in the literature, we
study the hadroproduction under the general-mass
variable-flavor-number scheme (GM-VFNS), in which we can consistently deal with
the double counting problem from the above two mechanisms. Properties for the
hadroproduction are discussed. To be useful reference, a
comparative study of FFNS and GM-VFNS is presented. Both of which can provide
reasonable estimations for the hadroproduction. At the Tevatron,
the difference between these two schemes is small, however such difference is
obvious at the LHC. The forthcoming more precise data on LHC shall provide a
good chance to check which scheme is more appropriate to deal with the
-meson production and to further study the heavy quark components in
hadrons.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. To match the published version. To be
published in Eur.Phys.J.
Blended self-management interventions to reduce disease burden in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma: systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma have a high prevalence and disease burden. Blended self-management interventions, which combine eHealth with face-to-face interventions, can help reduce the disease burden.Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to examine the effectiveness of blended self-management interventions on health-related effectiveness and process outcomes for people with COPD or asthma. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, COCHRANE Library, Emcare, and Embase were searched in December 2018 and updated in November 2020. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) 2 tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation.Results: A total of 15 COPD and 7 asthma randomized controlled trials were included in this study. The meta-analysis of COPD studies found that the blended intervention showed a small improvement in exercise capacity (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.48; 95% CI 0.10-0.85) and a significant improvement in the quality of life (QoL; SMD 0.81; 95% CI 0.11-1.51). Blended intervention also reduced the admission rate (relative ratio [RR] 0.61; 95% CI 0.38-0.97). In the COPD systematic review, regarding the exacerbation frequency, both studies found that the intervention reduced exacerbation frequency (RR 0.38; 95% CI 0.26-0.56). A large effect was found on BMI (d=0.81; 95% CI 0.25-1.34); however, the effect was inconclusive because only 1 study was included. Regarding medication adherence, 2 of 3 studies found a moderate effect (d=0.73; 95% CI 0.50-0.96), and 1 study reported a mixed effect. Regarding self-management ability, 1 study reported a large effect (d=1.15; 95% CI 0.66-1.62), and no effect was reported in that study. No effect was found on other process outcomes. The meta-analysis of asthma studies found that blended intervention had a small improvement in lung function (SMD 0.40; 95% CI 0.18-0.62) and QoL (SMD 0.36; 95% CI 0.21-0.50) and a moderate improvement in asthma control (SMD 0.67; 95% CI 0.40-0.93). A large effect was found on BMI (d=1.42; 95% CI 0.28-2.42) and exercise capacity (d=1.50; 95% CI 0.35-2.50); however, 1 study was included per outcome. There was no effect on other outcomes. Furthermore, the majority of the 22 studies showed some concerns about the ROB, and the quality of evidence varied.Conclusions: In patients with COPD, the blended self-management interventions had mixed effects on health-related outcomes, with the strongest evidence found for exercise capacity, QoL, and admission rate. Furthermore, the review suggested that the interventions resulted in small effects on lung function and QoL and a moderate effect on asthma control in patients with asthma. There is some evidence for the effectiveness of blended self-management interventions for patients with COPD and asthma; however, more research is needed.Prevention, Population and Disease management (PrePoD)Public Health and primary car
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