Video1_To use a simple hernia needle for single-port laparoscopic percutaneous inguinal hernia repair in children: a 5-year experience study.mp4

PurposeThe aim of this study is to investigate the technique and practical significance of using a simple hernia needle in single-port laparoscopic herniorrhaphy in pediatric patients.MethodsThe study conducted a retrospective analysis of all pediatric patients who underwent treatment for inguinal hernia using single-port laparoscopic herniorrhaphy with a simple hernia needle at Yellow River Sanmenxia Hospital from June 2018 to May 2023. The medical records of all the children were collected, and clinical characteristics, procedural information, and follow-up data were carefully reviewed.ResultsA total of 848 patients underwent inguinal hernia repair, with ages ranging from 7 months to 13 years (2.99 ± 2.49 years), including 756 males and 92 females. A total of 528 cases of unilateral hernia and 310 cases of bilateral hernia were reported, with intra-operative findings revealing contralateral occult hernia in 253 cases. Single-port laparoscopic herniorrhaphy was successfully completed in all patients, with no instances of conversion to open surgery. The mean operation time for unilateral hernia repair was (7.50 ± 4.80) min, while for bilateral hernia repair it was (11.55 ± 7.27) min. Five patients presented with subcutaneous emphysema, while two patients experienced a recurrence of inguinal hernia. No complications, such as scrotal hematoma, trocar umbilical hernia and testicular atrophy, were observed. The duration of the follow-up period ranged from 3 to 24 months.ConclusionThe promotion and utilization of single-port laparoscopy combined with a simple hernia needle in clinical practice are justified. Our initial investigation indicates that this surgical approach is both safe and dependable for the management of pediatric inguinal hernia. The procedure presents numerous benefits, including the utilization of uncomplicated instruments, straightforward operation, a clear curative impact, minimal tissue damage, rapid recovery, and the absence of scarring.</p

Salecan Enhances the Activities of β-1,3-Glucanase and Decreases the Biomass of Soil-Borne Fungi

<div><p>Salecan, a linear extracellular polysaccharide consisting of β-1,3-D-glucan, has potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of salecan on soil microbial communities in a vegetable patch. Compositional shifts in the genetic structure of indigenous soil bacterial and fungal communities were monitored using culture-dependent dilution plating, culture-independent PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR. After 60 days, soil microorganism counts showed no significant variation in bacterial density and a marked decrease in the numbers of fungi. The DGGE profiles revealed that salecan changed the composition of the microbial community in soil by increasing the amount of <i>Bacillus</i> strains and decreasing the amount of <i>Fusarium</i> strains. Quantitative PCR confirmed that the populations of the soil-borne fungi <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> and <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. were decreased approximately 6- and 2-fold, respectively, in soil containing salecan. This decrease in the amount of fungi can be explained by salecan inducing an increase in the activities of β-1,3-glucanase in the soil. These results suggest the promising application of salecan for biological control of pathogens of soil-borne fungi.</p></div

Changes in soil bacteria community structure.

<p>(a) Bacterial colony-forming units assessed using the culture plating method. All values are the means ± SD (n = 3). (b) Similarity dendrogram of the bacterial banding patterns of soil samples. The scale for 0.44–1.00 was the similarity coefficient among the samples. DGGE fingerprints of 16S rDNA sequences amplified using the primer pair 357fGC/518r from soil-extracted community DNA. Lanes 1, 2 and 3 show the results of soil samples without salecan treatment (C); lanes 4, 5 and 6 show the results of 0.02% salecan-treated samples; and lanes 7, 8 and 9 show the results of 0.2% salecan-treated samples. Seven changed DGGE bands (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7) are marked by arrows. (c) The phylogenetic relationship between the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the soil samples and the related organisms from the GenBank database. The dendrogram was generated using the neighbor-joining method, with 1000 bootstrap resamplings. The scale bar represented 0.02, estimated nucleotide changes per sequence position.</p

Daily changes of SAH concentration and SAM/SAH ratio in WT liver.

<p>One-way ANOVA showed that both (A) SAH and (B) SAM/SAH ratio displayed a clear diurnal variation (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Data represent means ± S.E.M. (n = 4). *<i>p</i> < 0.05, **<i>p</i> < 0.01 for LSD post hoc test compared with ZT17.</p

PCR primers and targeted microorganisms used in this study.

<p>^a Primers with a 40-bp GC clamp at the 5’ end.</p><p>^b Q-PCR primers.</p><p>PCR primers and targeted microorganisms used in this study.</p

Hepatic expression of <i>Dnmts</i> and <i>Tets</i> in WT mice.

<p>The mRNA expression of (A) <i>Dnmt1</i>, (B) <i>Dnmt3a</i>, (C) <i>Dnmt3b</i>, (D) <i>Tet2</i> and (E) <i>Tet3</i> in WT livers. One-way ANOVA showed significant variations of the expression of <i>Dnmt3a</i>, <i>Dnmt3b</i>, <i>Tet2</i> and <i>Tet3</i> over time in liver (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and no significant variations in <i>Dnmt1</i> (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Data represent means ± S.E.M. (n = 3–4). *<i>p</i> < 0.05, **<i>p</i> < 0.01 for LSD post hoc test compared with ZT13. (F) The hepatic <i>Dnmt3a</i> mRNA levels in mice under LD and DD. Data represent means ± S.E.M. (n = 4). (G) Western blotting analysis for DNMT3A protein levels. The signal intensities of DNMT3A were normalized to the intensities of β-actin. Data represent means ± S.E.M. from three independent experiments. *<i>p</i> < 0.05 compared with ZT1, ^#<i>p</i> < 0.05 compared with CT1. ZT: zeitgeber time, CT: circadian time.</p

Primer sequences for real-time RT-PCR analysis.

<p>Primer sequences for real-time RT-PCR analysis.</p

β-1,3-Glucanase activity in soil samples treated with different amounts of salecan.

<p>The soil β-1,3-glucanase activity was defined as the amount of enzyme required to release 1 mg of glucose per day per gram soil (mg/d/g). All values are the means ± SD (n = 3). *<i>P</i> < 0.05 vs 0% group.</p

Changes in the soil fungus community structure.

<p>(a) Fungal colony-forming units assessed using the culture plating method. All values are the means ± SD (n = 3). *<i>P</i> < 0.05 vs 0% group. (b) Similarity dendrogram of the fungal banding patterns of the soil samples. The scale for 0.49–1.00 was the similarity coefficient among the samples. DGGE fingerprints of the 18S rDNA sequences amplified using the primer pair Fung-GC/NS1 from soil-extracted community DNA. Lanes 1, 2 and 3 show the results of soil samples treated without salecan (C); lanes 4, 5 and 6 show the results of 0.02% salecan-treated samples; and lanes 7, 8 and 9 show the results of 0.2% salecan-treated samples. Five changed DGGE bands (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5) are marked by vertical black lines. (c) The phylogenetic relationship between the 18S rRNA gene sequences from the soil samples and related organisms from the GenBank database. The dendrogram was generated using the neighbor-joining method with 1000 bootstrap resamplings. The scale bar represented 0.5, estimated nucleotide changes per sequence position.</p

Effect of administration of 5′-AMP on global DNA methylation.

<p>HPLC analysis for the level of (A) adenosine, (B) SAH, (C) SAM/SAH ratio at 1 h after i.p. injection of 5′-AMP (0.5μmol/g and 1μmol/g body weight). (D) Genomic 5-mC content at 1 h and 4 h after 5′-AMP treatment. Data represent means ± S.E.M. (n = 4). *<i>p</i> < 0.05, **<i>p</i> < 0.01 compared with saline control.</p