Animating Human Muscle Structure

Graphical simulations of human muscle motion and deformation are of great interest to medical education. In this article, the authors present a technique for simulating muscle deformations by combining physically and geometrically based computations to reduce computation cost and produce fast, accurate simulations

Constrained Texture Mapping And Foldover-free Condition

Texture mapping has been widely used in image processing and graphics to enhance the realism of CG scenes. However to perfectly match the feature points of a 3D model with the corresponding pixels in texture images, the parameterisation which maps a 3D mesh to the texture space must satisfy the positional constraints. Despite numerous research efforts, the construction of a mathematically robust foldover-free parameterisation subject to internal constraints is still a remaining issue. In this paper, we address this challenge by developing a two-step parameterisation method. First, we produce an initial parameterisation with a method traditionally used to solve structural engineering problems, called the bar-network. We then derive a mathematical foldover-free condition, which is incorporated into a Radial Basis Function based scheme. This method is therefore able to guarantee that the resulting parameterization meets the hard constraints without foldovers

Fast Simulation of Skin Sliding

Skin sliding is the phenomenon of the skin moving over underlying layers of fat, muscle and bone. Due to the complex interconnections between these separate layers and their differing elasticity properties, it is difficult to model and expensive to compute. We present a novel method to simulate this phenomenon at real--time by remeshing the surface based on a parameter space resampling. In order to evaluate the surface parametrization, we borrow a technique from structural engineering known as the force density method which solves for an energy minimizing form with a sparse linear system. Our method creates a realistic approximation of skin sliding in real--time, reducing texture distortions in the region of the deformation. In addition it is flexible, simple to use, and can be incorporated into any animation pipeline